scholarly journals Stand Structural Characteristics Are the Most Practical Biodiversity Indicators for Forest Management Planning in Europe

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Ćosović ◽  
Miguel Bugalho ◽  
Dominik Thom ◽  
José Borges
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Biodiversity Indicators ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Management Plans

Including biodiversity assessments in forest management planning is becoming increasingly important due to the importance of biodiversity for forest ecosystem resilience provision and sustainable functioning. Here we investigated the potential to include biodiversity indicators into forest management planning in Europe. In particular, we aimed to (i) identify biodiversity indicators and data collection methods for biodiversity assessments at the stand and landscape levels, and (ii) evaluate the practicality of those indicators for forest management planning. We performed a literature review in which we screened 188 research studies published between 1990 and 2020. We selected 94 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and examined in more detail. We considered three aspects of biodiversity: structure, composition, and function, and four forest management categories: unmanaged, managed, plantation, and silvopastoral. We used three criteria to evaluate the practicality of forest biodiversity indicators: cost-effectiveness, ease of application, and time-effectiveness. We identified differences in the practicality of biodiversity indicators for their incorporation into management plans. Stand-level indicators are more practical than landscape-level indicators. Moreover, structural biodiversity indicators (e.g., large trees, canopy openness, and old forest stands) are more useful in management plans than compositional indicators, as these are easily observable by non-professionals and can be obtained by forest inventories. Compositional indicators such are vascular plants, fungi, bryophyte, lichens, and invertebrate species are hard to identify by non-professionals and thus are impractical. Functional indicators (e.g., nutrient cycling) are not sufficiently addressed in the literature. Using recently updated existing databases (e.g., national forest inventories and bird atlases) is very time and cost-efficient. Remote sensing and other technology (e.g., smartphone applications) are promising for efficient data collection in the future. However, more research is needed to make these tools more accurate and applicable to a variety of ecological conditions and scales. Until then, forest stand structural variables derived from inventories can help improve management plans to prepare European forests towards an uncertain future.

scholarly journals Utilisation of mathematical models and growth simulators for creating forest management plans and planning the tending felling

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 374-381
Author(s):  
R. Šmudla
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Forest Development ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Growth Simulator

The paper describes modelling of forest development and its utilisation for forest management planning, specifically modelling of growth mensurational variables of the two main commercial species – spruce and beech. Further, utilisation of growth simulator SILVA 2.2 for modelling the tending felling is described, focusing on data collection and main outputs of the modelling. Researched methodology was applied to a sample forest near the Racková municipality, property of Kroměříž Municipal Forests.

MANAGEMENT PLANS—THE PATH TO THE FUTURE

1962 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Murray B. Morison
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Management Unit ◽  
Management Units ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
The Future ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
New Procedures ◽  
Forestry Practice

The Department of Lands and Forests of the Province of Ontario, has completed one cycle in forest management planning and inventory compilation which was initiated in 1946.As a result of the experience gained since 1946 by the forestry staff, a nucleus of which has been working continually since the beginning of the original program, the Department now has what is believed to be a satisfactory revision which will obtain realistic management plans. These plans will have guiding objectives in line with good forestry practice and will also recognize the limitations imposed by social and economic conditions.In 1958, the Department commenced the re-inventory and is applying the new procedures to new photography, ground sampling and compilation. The revision of management plans is also proceeding as an integral part of the total program.This paper describes some of the factors involved in making decisions for management plans, it refers to the new inventory procedures, and highlights as an example, the plan for the Englehart Management Unit. Other Management units are briefly described to indicate some of the variations necessary in the application of plans to meet local conditions.

The role of a stand dynamics model in the spruce budworm decision support system

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1731-1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Stand Dynamics ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Forest Development ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Management Plans

Stand dynamics models that predict effects of pests on forest development are key components of pest and forest management planning decision support systems (DSS). Such stand models are required to quantify the marginal effects and costs–benefits of alternative strategies, and thereby to assist in evaluating management options and defining tactics and strategies. The spruce budworm (Choristoneurafumiferana (Clem.)) DSS allows users to project forest inventories under alternative budworm and protection (insecticide use) scenarios, to plan protection programs based on marginal timber supply benefits, to incorporate budworm effects on stand or forest development into management plans, and to evaluate silvicultural and forest management alternatives to limit damage. The STAMAN stand model is an integral part of the spruce budworm DSS, used to calculate stand impact matrices used by two DSS components. Simulations, using STAMAN, for 13 classes of spruce–fir stands under various levels of constant, cumulative defoliation for a 10-year period, resulted in predicted volume reductions of 1–6% with 20% defoliation, 27–42% with 60% defoliation, and 82–99% with 90% defoliation. Another set of simulations using a 30-year cyclical defoliation pattern (including 5 years of light defoliation, 8 years of moderate–severe defoliation, and 17 years of very light or nil defoliation) resulted in volume reductions similar to published data for actual spruce budworm outbreaks.

scholarly journals Norway Spruce Survival Rate in Two Forested Landscapes, 1975–2016

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 745
Author(s):  
Endijs Bāders ◽  
Oskars Krišāns ◽  
Jānis Donis ◽  
Didzis Elferts ◽  
Ieva Jaunslaviete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Forested Landscapes

The increasing frequency and severity of natural disturbances (e.g., storms and insect outbreaks) due to climate change are expected to reduce the abundance of Norway spruce stands in the European forests. Under such conditions, the assessment of status quo on focusing on survival of Norway spruce stands are essential for the agility of forest management strategies. The dynamics (mortality rate) of Norway spruce stands in hemiboreal forests based on forest inventories for the period from 1975 to 2016 (inventories of 1975, 1985, 1999, 2011 and 2016) were analyzed in two forest landscapes in the western and eastern parts of Latvia (Vane and Dviete, respectively). The spatiotemporal changes in age-dependent mortality differing by abundance of Norway spruce and disturbance regime were assessed, focusing on the transitions of stands between age groups (inventories). The age-related changes in probability of stands transitioning into the next age group contrasted (p < 0.001) between sites. In Vane, the survival of stands between inventories was constant (ca. 90%), while in Dviete, it decreased sharply from 85.7% during 1985–1999 inventories to 49.3% in 2011–2016. Age-related decreases in stand survival showed local dependencies between both landscapes, namely, in Vane, notable decreases started from 61 years, while in Dviete, the downward trends started already from 31 years, probably due to different disturbance regimes. This suggests that, in forest management planning, the different outcomes for mortality patterns between both landscapes must be considered and should not be generalized for a whole country.

scholarly journals Reliability of information on the growing stock as the base of real forest management planning

2002 ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisa Bankovic ◽  
Milan Medarevic ◽  
Damjan Pantic
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Short Time Period ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Basic Prerequisite ◽  
Made In

The reliability of information on the growing stock state is the basic prerequisite of real forest management plans. In this sense, practical works on forest management, including data processing, which creates the information base in forestry, should be carried out in the most correct way, disregarding the numerous problems (subjective and objective) which result from the conditions in which the works are performed. Improvisations in any phase of the works, as illustrated by the example presented in this paper, create a wrong idea on the forest state, which further results in unreal and inadequate forest management plans. In all situations in which the data in plan documents do not agree with the real forest state, disregarding the increased financial expenditures, the works on forest management should be revised and plan documents should be made. In this way, we eliminate the potential consequences which would result from the realisation of the planed works based on unreal forest state, which would be reflected both in the economic and in the ecological senses, without the possibility to remove the consequences in a short time period.

Moderne forstbetriebliche Planung | Modern forest management planning

2002 ◽  
Vol 153 (5) ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Bachmann ◽  
Simon Ammann ◽  
Beat Kunz ◽  
Alfred Rupf
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Business Plan ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Operative Planning ◽  
Forest Enterprises

With the inception of a two-step forestry plan, forest management planning takes on a new, more important, meaning. The new plan aims to optimise production performance in forestry enterprises and is strongly oriented towards economic considerations. In the medium term the emphasis is on strategic planning and operative planning takes place within the annual plan. The content of modern forest management planning is very different to prevailing management plans and calls for new solutions. The examples of forest enterprises of the City of Winterthur(2000 ha) and the Exchequer of Württemberg (5200 ha) serve to show how – apart from traditional policies – a business plan in accordance with modern management doctrine becomes the main steering instrument. In smaller forest enterprises it probably makes good sense to convert the business plan into a strategic planning instrument with a strong economic orientation which, in addition to sovereign considerations, strongly builds on the goals of ownership. Strategic planning will be an important task for the manager. The influence of the state is limited to those aspects which concern binding regulations in the public interest. The supply of information needs to be partially re-regulated with regard to survey levels, accuracy, repartition of coasts and responsibilities.

Ecosystem management and forestry planning in Labrador: how does Aboriginal involvement affect management plans?

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2247-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Wyatt ◽  
Stephanie Merrill ◽  
David Natcher
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Principal Characteristics ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Management Plans

Aboriginal peoples are increasingly being invited to participate in sustainable forest management processes as a means of including their knowledge, values, and concerns. However, it is justifiable to ask if this participation does lead to changes in forest management plans and to outcomes in management activities. We review four forest management plans over 10 years (1999–2009) in Labrador, Canada, to determine if increasing involvement by the Aboriginal Innu Nation has led to changes in plan content. We also compare these plans with three plans from another forest management district where there is no Innu presence and with two provincial forest strategies . Analysis shows that Labrador plans prepared since 2000, when the Innu and the provincial government established a collaborative process, are different from all other plans reviewed. Four principal characteristics distinguish these plans: a structure based around ecological, cultural, and economic landscapes, a network of cultural and ecological protected areas, increased attention to social and cultural values, and greater emphasis on research and monitoring. This suggests that Innu involvement has in fact influenced the contents of these plans, developing an innovative approach to implementing ecosystem management and demonstrating the utility of involving Aboriginal peoples in forest management planning processes.

scholarly journals Importance of population data in forest management planning

1994 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-537
Author(s):  
Dale R. McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Management Plans

Recent shifts in emphasis to preservation of biological diversity and establishment of large nature reserves have resulted in downgrading of the perceived importance of data at the population level. These shifts in emphasis, while laudable, should not result in loss of focus on the fundamental importance of population information. Suitable habitat, although a prime necessity, is not sufficient for wildlife preservation. Species may not occupy otherwise suitable habitat because of internal (predation, interspecific competition, disease) or external (adverse climate, exploitation, disturbance, impact of exotic species, pollution and toxicants) factors. Historical impacts may persist for many years, and may require active restoration. Forest management plans must consider population data on a metapopulation scale. Data for common species can be at the reconnaissance level whereas for threatened or sensitive species they need to be more detailed. To evaluate sustainability, population data must be integrated with forest stand data in projection models to predict habitat-population mosaics at various times in the future. These models must be developed and improved over time in an adaptive management approach.

scholarly journals Sustainable forest management planning in Serbia

2014 ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Milan Medarevic ◽  
Biljana Sljukic ◽  
Snezana Obradovic
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Adaptive System ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Private Forests ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
Management Plans

The forest cover of Serbia occupies around 29% of its territory, which puts it among fairly well wooded countries in Europe. The forests of Serbia are characterized by both state and private forests, medium preservation status, i.e. 27% of area that is covered by insufficiently stocked stands. Coppice forests cover about 50% of the area, and private forests are additionally burdened by fragmented plots. Forest management planning in Serbia is older than 200 years (The Plan of Deliblato Sands Afforestation 1806). There are two basic assumptions that define forest management planning: sustainability and multifunctionality. Today, forest management planning in Serbia is regulated by the Law on forests and it has the characteristics of a system. The planning also has the characteristics of an integral, integrated and adaptive system. The latter is particularly important in terms of pronounced climatic changes. For the forests in protected objects of nature, there are also other types of plans that complement sector plans in forestry (e.g. management plans in protected areas).

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