scholarly journals The Variation Driven by Differences between Species and between Sites in Allometric Biomass Models

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dutcă
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Allometric Models ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Biomass Models ◽  
Anova Model ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Variance Explained

Background and Objectives: It is commonly assumed that allometric biomass models are species-specific and site-specific. However, the magnitude of species and site dependency in these models is not well-known. This study aims to investigate the variation in allometric models (i.e., aboveground biomass predicted by diameter at breast height and tree height) that has originated from the differences between tree species and between sites, thereby contributing to a better understanding of species and site-specificity issue in these models. Materials and Methods: The study is based on two large biomass datasets of 4921 and 5199 trees, from Eurasia and Canada. Using a nested ANOVA model on relative aboveground biomass residuals (with species and site as random effects), the proportion of variance explained by species or site was assessed by means of Variance Partition Coefficient (VPC). Results: The proportion of variance explained by species (VPCspecies = 42.56%, SE = 6.10% for Dataset 1 and VPCspecies = 47.54%, SE = 6.07% for Dataset 2) was larger than that explained by site (VPCsite = 20.08%, SE = 3.35% for Dataset 1 and VPCsite = 8.27%, SE = 1.38% for Dataset 2). The proportion of variance explained by site decreased by 24%–44% and the proportion of variance explained by species changed only slightly, when height is included in the allometric biomass models (i.e., models based on diameter at breast height alone, compared to models based on diameter at breast height and tree height). Conclusions: Allometric biomass models were more species-specific than they were site-specific. Therefore, the species (i.e., differences between species) seems to be a more important driver of variability in allometric models compared to site (i.e., differences between sites). Including height in allometric biomass models helped reduce the dependency of these models, on sites only.

Mechanistically based, allometric models to predict tree diameter and height in even-aged monoculture of Eucalyptusregnans F. Muell.

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. West ◽  
C. L. Beadle ◽  
C. R. A. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Allometric Models ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Vertical Stability ◽  
Structural Argument ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Geometrical Argument

A randomly selected sample of 22 trees was felled in a stand in a 20-year-old monoculture of Eucalyptusregnans F. Muell. in southern Tasmania. One-half of the trees were from a section of the stand that had been heavily thinned 10 years previously, and the remainder were from the unthinned section. The trees were sectioned and the fresh weights of their stems (including bark) and crowns (leaves plus branches) determined. By combining a geometrical argument about the shape of tree stems with a structural argument about their vertical stability, allometric relationships were established relating tree diameter at breast height or tree height to total aboveground weight and the ratio of crown to stem weight. These relationships were found to hold in both the thinned and unthinned sections of the experiment. When combined with a model to predict biomass of individual trees, these models can be used to predict diameter or height of individual trees in E. regnans monoculture.

scholarly journals ALOCAÇÃO E MODELAGEM DA BIOMASSA EM Dendrocalamus asper

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francelo Mognon ◽  
Aurélio Lourenço Rodrigues ◽  
Carlos Roberto Sanquetta ◽  
Ana Paula Dalla Corte ◽  
Adalberto Brito De Novaes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Major Fraction ◽  
Allometric Models ◽  
Stem Biomass ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Biomass Models ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Dendrocalamus Asper

O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar a biomassa seca total individual de plantas de bambu da espécie Dendrocalamus asper (Schult. & Schult. f.) Backer ex K. Heyne, visando conhecer a sua distribuição nos diferentes compartimentos, bem como avaliar modelos de biomassa em função de variáveis biométricas das plantas. Foram avaliados 20 indivíduos, coletados em Bauru, SP. As plantas amostradas foram medidas, abatidas e pesadas. A maior fração da biomassa foi observada na parte aérea, com 86%, sendo 64% para o compartimento colmo, 16% para os galhos e 6% para as folhas. Os rizomas representaram 14% da biomassa total. As variáveis biométricas (diâmetro à altura do peito – DAP, altura total – ht e diâmetro de colo – Dcolo) correlacionaram-se significativamente com as biomassas total e do colmo. O modelo que apresentou o melhor desempenho para a biomassa total teve como variável independente apenas o DAP, enquanto que para a biomassa dos colmos foi a variável combinada dap0,5*lndap. Os ajustes para os demais compartimentos não geraram resultados satisfatórios, em função da baixa correlação entre as variáveis biométricas e suas biomassas. Concluiu-se que é possível expressar a biomassa seca total e do colmo do bambu por meio de modelos alométricos, porém o mesmo não se aplica aos demais compartimentos.Palavras-chave: Bambu; fitomassa; modelos alométricos. AbstractAllocation and modeling of biomass of Dendrocalamus asper. The aim of this research was to quantify the total individual biomass of bamboo plants of the species Dendrocalamus asper (Schult. & Schult. f.) Backer ex K. Heyne, in order to understand its distribution along different compartments, as well as evaluat biomass models according to biometric variables. Twenty individuals collected in Bauru, SP were evaluated. The plants were measured, cut and weighed. The aboveground biomass accounted for the major fraction, representing 86%. The stem compartment represented 64% of total biomass, followed by the branches, with 16% and leaves, with 6%. Rhizomes accounted for 14% of the total biomass. The biometric variables (diameter at breast height - dbh, total height – ht, and collar diameter - dcollar) were significantly correlated with total and stem biomass. The model that revealed best performance for total biomass had only dap as independent variable, for the stems biomass the combined variable was dap0,5*lndap. The adjustments for other compartments were not satisfactory due to low correlation between the biometric variables and their biomass. As conclusion, it is possible to express the total  dry stem biomass and culm mass of bamboo using allometric models, however, the same does not apply to other compartments.Keywords: Bamboo; phytomass; allometric models.

scholarly journals Allometric Equations for Estimating Aboveground Biomass of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake in East Nusa Tenggara

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
R Sadono ◽  
◽  
W Wahyu ◽  
F Idris
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height

Understanding the essential contribution of eucalyptus plantation for industry development and climate change mitigation requires the accurate quantification of aboveground biomass at the individual tree species level. However, the direct measurement of aboveground biomass by destructive method is high cost and time consuming. Therefore, developing allometric equations is necessary to facilitate this effort. This study was designed to construct the specific allometric models for estimating aboveground biomass of Eucalyptus urophylla in East Nusa Tenggara. Forty two sample trees were utilized to develop allometric equations using regression analysis. Several parameters were selected as predictor variables, i.e. diameter at breast height (D), quadrat diameter at breast height combined with tree height (D2H), as well as D and H separately. Results showed that the mean aboveground biomass of E. urophylla was 143.9 ± 19.44 kg tree-1. The highest biomass were noted in stem (80.06%), followed by bark (11.89%), branch (4.69%), and foliage (3.36%). The relative contribution of stem to total aboveground biomass improved with the increasing of diameter class while the opposite trend was recorded in bark, branch, and foliage. The equation lnŶ = lna + b lnD was best and reliable for estimating the aboveground biomass of E. urophylla since it provided the highest accurate estimation (91.3%) and more practical than other models. Referring to these findings, this study concluded the use of allometric equation was reliable to support more efficient forest mensuration in E. urophylla plantation.

scholarly journals Allometric models for estimating aboveground biomass and carbon stock for Diospyros mespiliformis in West Africa

Silva Fennica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Korotimi Ouédraogo ◽  
Kangbéni Dimobe ◽  
Adjima Thiombiano
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Allometric Models ◽  
Biomass Models

Accurate estimates of aboveground biomass (AGB) strongly depend on the suitability and precision of allometric models. Hochst. ex A. DC. is a key component of most sub-Sahara agroforestry systems and, one of the most economically important trees in Africa. Despite its importance, very few scientific information exists regarding its biomass and carbon storage potential. In this study direct method was used to develop site-specific biomass models for tree components in Burkina Faso. Allometric models were developed for stem, branch and leaf biomass using data from 39 tree harvested in Sudanian savannas of Burkina Faso. Diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, crown diameter (CD) and basal diameter (D) were regressed on biomass component using non-linear models with DBH alone, and DBH in combination with height and/or CD as predictor variables. Carbon content was estimated for each tree component using the ash method. Allometric models differed between the experimental sites, except for branch biomass models. Site-specific models developed in this study exhibited good model fit and performance, with explained variance of 81–98%. Using models developed from other areas would have underestimated or overestimated biomass by between –72% and +98%. Carbon content in aboveground components of in Tiogo, Boulon and Tapoa-Boopo was 55.40% ± 1.50, 55.52% ± 1.06 and 55.63% ± 1.00, respectively, and did not vary significantly (-value = 0.909). Site-specific models developed in this study are useful tool for estimating carbon stocks and can be used to accurately estimate tree components biomass in vegetation growing under similar conditions.Diospyros mespiliformisD. mespiliformis20D. mespiliformisP

scholarly journals Estimation of Genetic Parameters and Wood Yield Selection Index in a Clonal Trial of Korean Pine (Pinus koraiensis) in Northeastern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4167
Author(s):  
David Kombi Kaviriri ◽  
Huan-Zhen Liu ◽  
Xi-Yang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Selection Index ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Korean Pine ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Stem Straightness ◽  
Clonal Trial

In order to determine suitable traits for selecting high-wood-yield Korean pine materials, eleven morphological characteristics (tree height, basal diameter, diameter at breast height, diameter at 3 meter height, stem straightness degree, crown breadth, crown height, branch angle, branch number per node, bark thickness, and stem volume) were investigated in a 38-year-old Korean pine clonal trial at Naozhi orchard. A statistical approach combining variance and regression analysis was used to extract appropriate traits for selecting elite clones. Results of variance analysis showed significant difference in variance sources in most of the traits, except for the stem straightness degree, which had a p-value of 0.94. Moderate to high coefficients of variation and clonal repeatability ranged from 10.73% to 35.45% and from 0.06% to 0.78%, respectively. Strong significant correlations on the phenotypic and genotypic levels were observed between the straightness traits and tree volume, but crown breadth was weakly correlated to the volume. Four principal components retaining up to 80% of the total variation were extracted, and stem volume, basal diameter, diameter at breast height, diameter at 3 meter height, tree height, and crown height displayed high correlation to these components (r ranged from 0.76 to 0.98). Based on the Type III sum of squares, tree height, diameter at breast height, and branch number showed significant information to explain the clonal variability based on stem volume. Using the extracted characteristics as the selection index, six clones (PK105, PK59, PK104, PK36, PK28, and K101) displayed the highest Qi values, with a selection rate of 5% corresponding to the genetic gain of 42.96% in stem volume. This study provides beneficial information for the selection of multiple traits for genetically improved genotypes of Korean pine.

scholarly journals Seemingly Unrelated Mixed-Effects Biomass Models for Black Locust in West Poland

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Karol Bronisz ◽  
Szymon Bijak ◽  
Rafał Wojtan ◽  
Robert Tomusiak ◽  
Agnieszka Bronisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Locust ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Cross Model ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Independent Variable

Information about tree biomass is important not only in the assessment of wood resources but also in the process of preparing forest management plans, as well as for estimating carbon stocks and their flow in forest ecosystems. The study aimed to develop empirical models for determining the dry mass of the aboveground parts of black locust trees and their components (stem, branches, and leaves). The research was carried out based on data collected in 13 stands (a total of 38 sample trees) of black locust located in western Poland. The model system was developed based on multivariate mixed-effect models using two approaches. In the first approach, biomass components and tree height were defined as dependent variables, while diameter at breast height was used as an independent variable. In the second approach, biomass components and diameter at breast height were dependent variables and tree height was defined as the independent variable. Both approaches enable the fixed-effect and cross-model random-effect prediction of aboveground dry biomass components of black locust. Cross-model random-effect prediction was obtained using additional measurements of two extreme trees, defined as trees characterized by the smallest and largest diameter at breast height in sample plot. This type of prediction is more precise (root mean square error for stem dry biomass for both approaches equals 77.603 and 188.139, respectively) than that of fixed-effects prediction (root mean square error for stem dry biomass for both approaches equals 238.716 and 206.933, respectively). The use of height as an independent variable increases the possibility of the practical application of the proposed solutions using remote data sources.

scholarly journals Field Evaluation of Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. at Two Sites in Indo-gangetic Plains of India

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. S. Dhillon ◽  
Avtar Singh ◽  
Pritpal Singh ◽  
D. S. Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Northwestern India

Abstract Results from clonal trials of Populus deltoides conducted in two distinct agroclimatic regions of Punjab in northwestern India are reported and discussed. Sixteen clones were evaluated at Hambran and Bathinda where commonly grown clone ‘G-48’ was considered as control. Significant differences among clones (P < 0.001) were observed for diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height and volume at the age of four and six years under both the site conditions. Clone ‘L-48’ ranked first for volume at six year age at both sites and was followed by clone ‘Ranikhet’. The respective superiority for volume of these clones over control was 44.8 and 23.2 per cent at Hambran and 72.5 and 30.7 per cent at Bathinda. All growth traits registered significantly higher values at Hambran in comparison to those at Bathinda. Clone x site interaction was also significant (P < 0.001). The clones ‘L-168’, ‘154/86’, ‘Solan-z’ and ‘170/88’ experienced huge fluctuation in ranking between sites for volume at 6-year age. The DBH and height showed significant and positive correlation with each other and with tree volume at all the age combinations. The clonal mean heritability was quite high both at Hambran (0.73-0.86) and Bathinda (0.80-0.95). The genetic advance were the highest for volume (33.34-64.26%) and the lowest (10.65-22.79%) in case of height.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Relative Stem Taper Curves Estimated Only from Tree Height and Diameter at Breast Height:

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Ishida ◽  
Satoshi Naoi ◽  
Yasumasa Watanabe ◽  
Akinori Tsuzuku ◽  
Masaya Aoki
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Stem Taper

scholarly journals Tree crown size as a measure of tree biosocial position in 135-year-old oak (Quercus L.) stand

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kaźmierczak ◽  
Bogna Zawieja
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Projection Area ◽  
Tree Crown ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
Crown Projection Area

AbstractThe paper presents an attempt to apply measurable traits of a tree – crown projection area, crown length, diameter at breast height and tree height for classification of 135-year-old oak (QuercusL.) trees into Kraft classes. Statistical multivariate analysis was applied to reach the aim. Empirical material was collected on sample plot area of 0.75 ha, located in 135-year-old oak stand. Analysis of dimensional traits of oaks from 135-year-old stand allows quite certain classification of trees into three groups: pre-dominant, dominant and co-dominant and dominated ones. This seems to be quite promising, providing a tool for the approximation of the biosocial position of tree with no need for assessment in forest. Applied analyses do not allow distinguishing trees belonging to II and III Kraft classes. Unless the eye-estimation-based classification is completed, principal component analysis (PCA) method provided simple, provisional solution for grouping trees from 135-year-old stand into three over-mentioned groups. Discriminant analysis gives more precise results compared with PCA. In the analysed stand, the most important traits for the evaluation of biosocial position were diameter at breast height, crown projection area and height.

Partitioning and predicting forage biomass from total aboveground biomass of regenerating tree species using dimensional analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quinn Morgan ◽  
Tamara L. Johnstone-Yellin ◽  
Cornelia C. Pinchot ◽  
Matthew Peters ◽  
Alejandro A. Royo
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
And Control ◽  
Forest Renewal ◽  
Sampling Variable

Foresters and wildlife biologists use biomass estimates as proxies of habitat structure, productivity, and carrying capacity. Determining biomass, however, is challenging without destructive harvests. We provide a dimensional analysis approach to partition browse biomass (BB) from total aboveground biomass (AGB) of six regenerating hardwoods in the Allegheny forests of Pennsylvania, USA. First, we determined the average diameter of browsed twigs for each species. Then, we created a subset of potential browsable twig and foliage biomass from total AGB in 439 individuals harvested within paired exclosure (fenced) and control (unfenced) plots at 15 sites. We fit species-specific allometric equations to estimate BB and AGB using basal diameter and height as predictors and tested the effects of fencing. Although overall stem height and BB were greater within exclosures, fencing did not significantly affect relationships between either predictor and BB or AGB, thereby enabling general and robust (R2 ≥ 0.80) equations for most species. Our work provides biomass equations for regionally dominant species and size classes that are underrepresented in the literature, yet critical to forest renewal and wildlife. Moreover, by sampling variable sites and levels of browse pressure, reported equations lessen site-specific biases. Finally, our methodology provides a template to generate forage biomass prediction equations for other plant and ungulate species.

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