scholarly journals Effects of Warming and Nitrogen Addition on the Soil Bacterial Community in a Subtropical Chinese Fir Plantation

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xie ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Cao ◽  
Liu ◽  
Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Southern China ◽  
N Cycling ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Soil Warming ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C And N

Soil warming has the potential to alter bacterial communities, affecting carbon (C) storage and nitrogen (N) cycling in forest ecosystems. We studied bacterial community changes by warming soil and adding two N-levels (40 and 80 kg N ha−1 year−1) for two years in a subtropical plantation of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolate (Lamb.) Hook) in southern China. Soil warming significantly changed the bacterial community structure, causing decreases in Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria, while increasing Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi. The high N addition had a greater impact on the bacterial community structure than the low N addition. Warming shifted the bacterial community towards oligotrophic taxa, while N addition could dilute this tendency. Results of the ecological networks indicated that warming resulted in a more complicated co-occurrence network and an increased interaction between different phylum communities, while N addition enhanced the cooperation within communities pertaining to the same phylum. The changes to the soil properties, typical catabolism enzymes, and plant growth also showed that soil warming and N addition accelerated the C and N cycles in the soil, and lead to an increased upward flow of N (from underground to aboveground) and decomposition rate of soil organic carbon (SOC). Overall, the results provided insights into the bacterial community and soil C and N cycling change at a subtropical plantation.

The influence of season, agricultural management, and soil properties on gross nitrogen transformations and bacterial community structure

Soil Research ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 453 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Cookson ◽  
P. Marschner ◽  
I. M. Clark ◽  
N. Milton ◽  
M. N. Smirk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Organic N ◽  
N Fluxes ◽  
C And N ◽  
C And N Pools ◽  
Semi Arid

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of season, farm management (organic, biodynamic, integrated, and conventional), and soil chemical, physical, and biological properties on gross nitrogen (N) fluxes and bacterial community structure in the semi-arid region of Western Australia. Moisture availability was the dominant factor mediating microbial activity and carbon (C) and N cycling under this climate. In general, microbial biomass N, dissolved organic N, and potentially mineralisable N were greater in organic and biodynamic than integrated and conventional soil. Our results indicate that greater silt and clay content in organic and biodynamic soil may also partly explain these differences in soil N pools, rather than management alone. Although plant-available N (NH4+ + NO3–) was greater in conventional soil, this was largely the result of higher NO3– production. Multiple linear modelling indicated that soil temperature, moisture, soil textural classes, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and C and N pools were important in predicting gross N fluxes. Redundancy analysis revealed that bacterial community structure, assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16S rDNA, was correlated with C and N pools and fluxes, confirming links between bacterial structure and function. Bacterial community structure was also correlated with soil textural classes and soil temperature but not soil moisture. These results indicate that across this semi-arid landscape, soil bacterial communities are relatively resistant to water stress.

Pastureland intensification and diversification in Brazil mediate soil bacterial community structure changes and soil C accumulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 103858
Author(s):  
Júnior Melo Damian ◽  
Eduardo da Silva Matos ◽  
Bruno Carneiro e Pedreira ◽  
Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho ◽  
Adijailton José de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Bacterial Community ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Soil Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Bacterial

scholarly journals Maize root and shoot litter quality controls short-term CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions and bacterial community structure of arable soil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Sophie Rummel ◽  
Birgit Pfeiffer ◽  
Johanna Pausch ◽  
Reinhard Well ◽  
Dominik Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Maize Root ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Root Litter ◽  
C And N

Abstract. Chemical composition of root and shoot litter controls decomposition and, subsequently, C availability for biological nitrogen transformation processes in soils. While aboveground plant residues have been proven to increase N2O emissions, studies on root litter effects are scarce. This study aimed (1) to evaluate how fresh maize root litter affects N2O emissions compared to fresh maize shoot litter, (2) to assess whether N2O emissions are related to the interaction of C and N mineralization from soil and litter, and (3) to analyze changes in soil microbial community structures related to litter input and N2O emissions. To obtain root and shoot litter, Maize plants (Zea mays L.) were cultivated with two N fertilizer levels in a greenhouse and harvested. A two-factorial 22-day laboratory incubation experiment was set up with soil from both N levels (N1, N2) and three litter addition treatments (Control, Root, Root+Shoot). We measured hourly CO2 and N2O fluxes, analyzed soil nitrate and water extractable organic C (WEOC) concentrations, and determined quality parameters of maize litter. Bacterial community structures were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Maize litter quality controlled NO3− and WEOC availability and decomposition related CO2 emissions. High bioavailability of maize shoot litter strongly increased CO2 and N2O emissions, while emissions induced by maize root litter remained low. We identified a strong positive correlation between cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions, supporting our hypothesis that litter quality affects denitrification by creating plant litter associated anaerobic microsites. The interdependency of C and N availability was validated by analyses of regression. Moreover, there was a strong positive interaction between soil NO3− and WEOC concentration resulting in much higher N2O emissions, when both NO3− and WEOC were available. A significant correlation was observed between total CO2 and N2O emissions, the soil bacterial community composition and the litter level, showing a clear separation of Root+Shoot samples of all remaining samples. Bacterial diversity decreased with higher N level and higher input of easily available C. Altogether, changes in bacterial community structure reflected degradability of maize litter with easily degradable C from maize shoot litter favoring fast growing C cycling and N reducing bacteria of the phyla Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria.

scholarly journals Soil carbon and nitrogen and barley yield responses to repeated additions of compost and slurry

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-155
Author(s):  
D. W. HOPKINS ◽  
R. E. WHEATLEY ◽  
C. M. COAKLEY ◽  
T. J. DANIELL ◽  
S. M. MITCHELL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

SUMMARYThe yields of spring barley during a medium-term (7 years) compost and slurry addition experiment and the soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents, bacterial community structure, soil microbial biomass and soil respiration rates have been determined to assess the effects of repeated, and in some cases very large, organic amendments on soil and crop parameters. For compost, total additions were equivalent to up to 119 t C/ha and 1·7 t N/ha and for slurry they were 25 t C/ha and 0·35 t N/ha over 7 years, which represented very large additions compared to control soil C and N contents (69 t C/ha and 0·3 t N/ha in the 0–30 cm soil depth). There was an initial positive response to compost and slurry addition on barley yield, but over the experiment the yield differential between the amounts of compost addition declined, indicating that repeated addition of compost at a lower rate over several years had the same cumulative effect as a large single compost application. By the end of the experiment it was clear that the addition of compost and slurry increased soil C and N contents, especially towards the top of the soil profile, as well as soil respiration rates. However, the increases in soil C and N contents were not proportional to the amount of C and N added, suggesting either that: (i) a portion of the added C and N was more vulnerable to loss; (ii) that its addition rendered another C or N pool in the soil more susceptible to loss; or (iii) that the C inputs from additional crop productivity did not increase in line with the organic amendments. Soil microbial biomass was depressed at the highest rate of organic amendment, and whilst this may have been due to genuine toxic or inhibitory effects of large amounts of compost, it could also be due to the inaccuracy of the substrate-induced respiration approach used for determining soil biomass when there is a large supply of organic matter. At the highest compost addition, the bacterial community structure was significantly altered, suggesting that the amendments significantly altered soil community dynamics.

Temporally invariable bacterial community structure in the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Jain ◽  
M Bandekar ◽  
J Gomes ◽  
D Shenoy ◽  
RM Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Oxygen Minimum Zone ◽  
Minimum Zone ◽  
Oxygen Minimum

scholarly journals The root endophytic bacterial community of Ricinus communis L. resembles the seeds community more than the rhizosphere bacteria independent of soil water content

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie E. Hereira-Pacheco ◽  
Yendi E. Navarro-Noya ◽  
Luc Dendooven
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Endophytic Bacterial Community

AbstractRhizosphere and root endophytic bacteria are crucial for plant development, but the question remains if their composition is similar and how environmental conditions, such as water content, affect their resemblance. Ricinus communis L., a highly drought resistant plant, was used to study how varying soil water content affected the bacterial community in uncultivated, non-rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil, and in its roots. Additionally, the bacterial community structure was determined in the seeds of R. communis at the onset of the experiment. Plants were cultivated in soil at three different watering regimes, i.e. 50% water holding capacity (WHC) or adjusted to 50% WHC every two weeks or every month. Reducing the soil water content strongly reduced plant and root dry biomass and plant development, but had little effect on the bacterial community structure. The bacterial community structure was affected significantly by cultivation of R. communis and showed large variations over time. After 6 months, the root endophytic bacterial community resembled that in the seeds more than in the rhizosphere. It was found that water content had only a limited effect on the bacterial community structure and the different bacterial groups, but R. communis affected the bacterial community profoundly.

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