scholarly journals Aboveground Biomass Response to Release Treatments in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Martin Ritchie ◽  
Jianwei Zhang ◽  
Ethan Hammett
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Chemical Release ◽  
No Release ◽  
Woody Shrubs ◽  
Shrub Biomass ◽  
Release Control

Controlling competing vegetation is vital for early plantation establishment and growth. Aboveground biomass (AGB) response to manual grubbing release from shrub competition was compared with no release control in a twelve-year-old ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C. Lawson) plantation established after a wildfire in northeastern California. In addition, response to chemical release followed by precommercial thinning in an adjacent plantation was also examined as a growth potential from a more intensively managed regime, where shrub competition was virtually eliminated. We measured AGB in both planted trees and competing woody shrubs to partition the biomass pools in the plantation. The results showed a significant grubbing treatment effect on basal diameter (BD) at 10 cm aboveground (p = 0.02), but not on tree height (p = 0.055). Height and BD were 2.0 m and 7.4 cm in the manual release, respectively, compared to 1.7 m and 5.6 cm in the control. However, chemical release produced much greater rates of tree growth with a height of 3.6 m and BD of 14.7 cm, respectively. Tree AGB was 60% higher with the manual release of shrubs (1.2 Mg ha−1) than with control (0.7 Mg ha−1) (p < 0.05). The planted area without shrub competition yielded a much higher green tree biomass (16.0 Mg ha−1). When woody shrub biomass was included, the total AGB (trees and woody shrubs) appeared slightly higher, but non-significant in the no release control (13.3 Mg ha−1) than in the manual release (11.9 Mg ha−1) (p = 0.66); the chemical release had 17.1 Mg ha−1. Clearly, shrub biomass dominated this young plantation when understory shrubs were not completely controlled. Although the manual release did increase targeted tree growth to some degree, the cost may limit this practice to a smaller scale and the remaining shrub dominance may create long-term reductions in growth and a persistent fuels problem in these fire-prone ecosystems.

scholarly journals Tree growth and aboveground biomass in a tropical mountain forest thirty years after selective logging in Sarawak, Borneo

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. e01461
Author(s):  
Renee Sherna Laing ◽  
Kian Huat Ong ◽  
Roland Jui Heng Kueh ◽  
Nixon Girang Mang ◽  
Patricia Jie Hung King
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Tropical Mountain

scholarly journals Allometric Equation Development, Biomass, and Aboveground Productivity in Ponderosa Pine Forests, Black Hills, Wyoming

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Tinker ◽  
Gail K. Stakes ◽  
Richard M. Arcano
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Black Hills ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Ponderosa Pine Forests ◽  
Aboveground Productivity

Abstract Temperate forest ecosystems continue to play an important role in the global carbon cycle, and the ability to accurately quantify carbon storage and allocation remains a critical tool for managers and researchers. This study was aimed at developing new allometric equations for predicting above- and belowground biomass of both mature trees and saplings of ponderosa pine trees in the Black Hills region of the western United States and at evaluating thinning effects on biomass pools and aboveground productivity. Study sites included three stands that had been commercially thinned and one unmanaged stand. Nine allometric equations were developed for mature trees, and six equations were developed for saplings; all models exhibited strong predictive power. The unmanaged stand contained more than twice as much total aboveground biomass as any of the thinned stands. Aboveground biomass allocation among tree compartments was similar among the three older stands but quite different from the young, even-aged stand. Stand-level aboveground net primary production was higher in the unmanaged and intensively managed stands, yet tree-level annual productivity was much lower in the unmanaged stands than in any of the managed forests, suggesting that thinning of some forest stands may increase their ability to sequester and store carbon. Our data also suggest that different management approaches did not have the same effect on carbon allocation as they did on total carbon storage capacity, but rather, stand age was the most important factor in predicting carbon allocation within individual trees and stands. Identification of the relationships between stand structure and forest management practices may help identify various management strategies that maximize rates of carbon storage in ponderosa pine forests.

Partitioning and predicting forage biomass from total aboveground biomass of regenerating tree species using dimensional analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quinn Morgan ◽  
Tamara L. Johnstone-Yellin ◽  
Cornelia C. Pinchot ◽  
Matthew Peters ◽  
Alejandro A. Royo
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
And Control ◽  
Forest Renewal ◽  
Sampling Variable

Foresters and wildlife biologists use biomass estimates as proxies of habitat structure, productivity, and carrying capacity. Determining biomass, however, is challenging without destructive harvests. We provide a dimensional analysis approach to partition browse biomass (BB) from total aboveground biomass (AGB) of six regenerating hardwoods in the Allegheny forests of Pennsylvania, USA. First, we determined the average diameter of browsed twigs for each species. Then, we created a subset of potential browsable twig and foliage biomass from total AGB in 439 individuals harvested within paired exclosure (fenced) and control (unfenced) plots at 15 sites. We fit species-specific allometric equations to estimate BB and AGB using basal diameter and height as predictors and tested the effects of fencing. Although overall stem height and BB were greater within exclosures, fencing did not significantly affect relationships between either predictor and BB or AGB, thereby enabling general and robust (R2 ≥ 0.80) equations for most species. Our work provides biomass equations for regionally dominant species and size classes that are underrepresented in the literature, yet critical to forest renewal and wildlife. Moreover, by sampling variable sites and levels of browse pressure, reported equations lessen site-specific biases. Finally, our methodology provides a template to generate forage biomass prediction equations for other plant and ungulate species.

scholarly journals Implications of Reduced Stand Density on Tree Growth and Drought Susceptibility: A Study of Three Species under Varying Climate

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Mathias Steckel ◽  
W. Keith Moser ◽  
Miren del Río ◽  
Hans Pretzsch
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Site Water ◽  
Positive Effect

A higher frequency of increasingly severe droughts highlights the need for short-term measures to adapt existing forests to climate change. The maintenance of reduced stand densities has been proposed as a promising silvicultural tool for mitigating drought stress. However, the relationship between stand density and tree drought susceptibility remains poorly understood, especially across ecological gradients. Here, we analysed the effect of reduced stand density on tree growth and growth sensitivity, as well as on short-term drought responses (resistance, recovery, and resilience) of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.), and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson). Tree ring series from 409 trees, growing in stands of varying stand density, were analysed at sites with different water availability. For all species, mean tree growth was significantly higher under low compared with maximum stand density. Mean tree growth sensitivity of Scots pine was significantly higher under low compared with moderate and maximum stand density, while growth sensitivity of ponderosa pine peaked under maximum stand density. Recovery and resilience of Scots pine, as well as recovery of sessile oak and ponderosa pine, decreased with increasing stand density. In contrast, resistance and resilience of ponderosa pine significantly increased with increasing stand density. Higher site water availability was associated with significantly reduced drought response indices of Scots pine and sessile oak in general, except for resistance of oak. In ponderosa pine, higher site water availability significantly lessened recovery. Higher site water availability significantly moderated the positive effect of reduced stand density on drought responses. Stand age had a significantly positive effect on the resistance of Scots pine and a negative effect on recovery of sessile oak. We discuss potential causes for the observed response patterns, derive implications for adaptive forest management, and make recommendations for further research in this field.

scholarly journals Allometric Equations for the Aboveground Biomass of Selected Common Eastern Hardwood Understory Species

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvette L. Dickinson ◽  
Eric K. Zenner
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Forest Understory ◽  
Rosa Multiflora ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Understory Species ◽  
Elaeagnus Umbellata ◽  
Fit Index

Abstract Allometric equations were formulated for predicting the aboveground biomass of six groups of forest understory species (Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.], blueberry [Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton, Vaccinium corymbosum L., and Vaccinium pallidum Aiton], hawthorn [Crataegus spp.], honeysuckle [Lonicera spp.], multiflora rose [Rosa multiflora Thunb.], and viburnum [Viburnum acerifolium L. and Viburnum dentatum L.]) common to Eastern hardwoods using basal diameter and/or height. As measured by fit index, basal diameter or height alone explained between 51 and 93% of the variation in oven-dry weight; this increased to 75‐96% when both basal diameter and height were used as predictors. Data were collected at four sites throughout Pennsylvania, but an evaluation of the importance of site as a blocking factor found site not to be statistically significant; therefore, the equations presented here may be used in a variety of forested sites within the greater mid-Atlantic region.

scholarly journals Site Classification of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis Plantations in China

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 871
Author(s):  
Haifei Lu ◽  
Jianmin Xu ◽  
Guangyou Li ◽  
Wangshu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Purple Soil ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Site Factors ◽  
Quantification Theory ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Objectives: It is important to match species needs with site conditions for sustainable forestry. In Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis plantations in southern Yunnan, China, species-site mismatches have led to inappropriate expansion and management, which has degraded forests and decreased efficiency in plantation production. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between tree growth and site productivity. We empirically explored site features and classified site types within these plantations in southern Yunnan. Our objective was to develop a theoretical basis for improving site selection for afforestation, and to establish intensive management in that region. Materials and Methods: 130 standard plots were set up in 1−15-year-old eucalyptus plantations in Pu’er and Lincang. We used quantification theory to examine the relationship between dominant tree growth traits and site factors. Hierarchical cluster analysis and canonical correlation analysis were applied to classify sites and evaluate the growth potential of E. urophylla × E. grandis plantations, respectively. Results: The multiple correlation coefficient between eight site factors (altitude, slope, slope position, aspect, soil depth, texture, bulk density, and litter thickness) and the quantitative growth of the dominant tree was 0.834 (p < 0.05). Slope position, altitude, and soil depth were the main factors contributing to the variation in stand growth. Plantation growth was best on lower slopes at relatively low altitude, where thick and weathered red soil layers existed. Conversely, the poorest plantations were located on upper slopes at higher altitude, with a thin semi-weathered purple soil layer. The soil factors total nitrogen (N) and potassium (K), trace boron (B), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) content, available phosphorous (P), and organic matter content in the soil influenced plantation growth. Conclusions. The addition of N, P, and K fertilizer as well as trace elements such as B, Cu, and Zn can promote the productivity of these plantations.

Chemical Root Pruning Improves the Root System Morphology of Containerized Seedlings

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Wenny ◽  
Richard L. Woollen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Root Growth Potential ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Interior Walls

Abstract Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa var. ponderosa), and western white pine (Pinus monticola) where chemically root pruned with cupric carbonate (CuCO3) during greenhouse production. The interior walls of Styroblock 4A® and Ray Leach® pine cell containers (each 66 cm³) were coated with latex paint containing CuCO3 at concentrations of 0, 30, 100, or 300 g/l. Seedlings were potted after one growing season, initiating a standard root growth potential test (Duryea 1984). The number and length of new roots more than 1 cm in length were measured. Seedling root systems increased in total root number and length, especially in the upper segments of the root plug, as a result of chemical root pruning. Seedling height and caliper were unaffected by the cupric carbonate treatments during the production phase, and a latex paint carrier did not decrease seedling growth. West. J. Appl. For. 4(1):15-17, January 1989.

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