scholarly journals Ophelimus migdanorum Molina-Mercader sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): Application of Integrative Taxonomy for Disentangling a Polyphenism Case in Eucalyptus globulus Labill Forest in Chile

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Molina-Mercader ◽  
Andrés O. Angulo ◽  
Tania S. Olivares ◽  
Eugenio Sanfuentes ◽  
Miguel Castillo-Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Gene Coi ◽  
Specific Fragment ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Dehnh ◽  
And Behavior

In 2003, a new gall-inducing wasp of the genus Ophelimus was detected in the Valparaíso Region (Chile), affecting tree plantations of Eucalyptus globulus Labill and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. Since then Ophelimus has been frequently detected in different plantations in Chile, covering a widespread area. A preliminary collaborative study suggests that the micro-wasp detected should be classified as a new Ophelimus species. In this paper, using an integrative approach (including genetic, morphological, and behavioral data), we addressed the delimitation and description of this new species. This study involved the use of brood adult specimens, raised at the laboratory of MIPlagas Ltda., from infested twigs of E. globulus collected in several localities between of Valparaíso and Los Lagos Regions (Chile). Morphological structures were described according to current Eulophidae taxonomic keys, as well as additional traits, such as gall morphology and behavior. Genetic characterization was implemented using a phylogenetic approach, based on a 648 bp specific fragment of the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I gene (COI 5 region) obtained from collected specimens and available databases (Genbank, NCBI, and BOLDSystem). Specifically, distinctive patterns of variation were detected in traits like gall and antennae morphology, growth habit trends, and a notorious polyphenism in the setae from the sub marginal vein. Overall evidence suggests that this new entity should be considered a new species in Ophelimus, which is henceforth named Ophelimus migdanorum Molina-Mercader.

scholarly journals An integrated approach to delimiting species borders in the genus Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Syrphidae), with description of two new species

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorica Nedeljković ◽  
Jelena Ačanski ◽  
Mihajla Đan ◽  
Dragana Obreht-Vidaković ◽  
Antonio Ricarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Taxonomic Study ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Lateral Margins ◽  
A New Species

Integrative taxonomy tests the validity of taxa using methods additional to traditional morphology. The existence of two different morphotypes in specimens identified as Chrysotoxum vernale Loew (Diptera: Syrphidae) prompted their taxonomic study using an integrative approach that included morphology, wing and male-surstylus geometric morphometrics, genetic and ecological analyses. As a result, a new species is recognised, Chrysotoxum montanum Nedeljković & Vujić sp. nov., and C. vernale is re-defined. A lectotype and paralectotypes are designated for C. vernale to stabilize this concept. An additional species, Chrysotoxum orthostylum Vujić sp. nov., with distinctive male genitalia is also described. The three species share an antenna with the basoflagellomere shorter than the scape plus pedicel and terga with yellow fasciae not reaching the lateral margins. This study confirms the value of integrative approach for resolving species boundaries.

Integrative approach reveals two new species of Obama (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) from the South-Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4455 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALESSANDRO MARQUES ◽  
ILANA ROSSI ◽  
VICTOR HUGO VALIATI ◽  
ANA MARIA LEAL-ZANCHET
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Gene Coi

The genus Obama Carbayo et al., 2013 includes 38 species, being the most species-rich within Geoplaninae. Species of this genus show a similar anatomy regarding their copulatory apparatus, which may hinder species differentiation. In this study, we describe two new species, presenting a marbled colour pattern, found in two different phytophysionomies of the Atlantic Forest, namely Semi-deciduous Forest and Araucaria Forest. Both species can be distinguished from their congeners, as well from each other, by colour pattern and eye arrangement combined with characteristics of the pharynx, penis papilla and prostatic vesicle, confirmed by molecular analyses from cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI). Phylogenetic analyses suggest that both species herein studied are closely related to another species that occurs in areas of Araucaria Forest (O. maculipunctata). Results also indicate the need to use at least 600 bp of the gene COI in the definitions of interspecific divergences and for species delineation, at least for the genus Obama.

Solving the Liolaemus bibronii puzzle, an integrative taxonomy approach: redescription of L. bibronii and description of three new species (Iguania: Liolaemidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-348
Author(s):  
A S Quinteros ◽  
M R Ruiz-Monachesi ◽  
C S Abdala
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
South America ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Three New Species

Abstract We redescribe Liolaemus bibronii and describe three new species of Liolaemus, a genus of lizards distributed across South America. These species belong to the L. alticolor–bibronii group, which are included in the subgenus Liolaemus s.s. Liolaemus bibronii was previously proposed as a species complex, but many populations initially assigned to this complex were described as valid species. The three new species described here were populations denominated under L. bibronii. In order to validate the new species, we apply an integrative approach, including molecular and morphological evidence. Also, we perform phylogenetic analyses applying parsimony and Bayesian inference. The three new species described here show a set of character states that allow them to be distinguished from L. bibronii, from each other and from all other species of Liolaemus. Our phylogenies show that the newly described species are more related to other species than to L. bibronii. With this study, we are closer to solving the taxonomic puzzle that L. bibronii represents.

Integrative taxonomy and a new species description in the sturtevanti subgroup of the Drosophila saltans group (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4980 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-292
Author(s):  
LILIAN MADI-RAVAZZI ◽  
LUÍS FERNANDO SEGALA ◽  
BRUNA EMILIA ROMAN ◽  
KAIO CESAR CHABOLI ALEVI ◽  
CAROLINA PREDIGER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Saltans Group ◽  
New Species Description ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Group Species

Although the biological concept of species is well established in animals, sometimes the decision about the specific status of a new species is difficult and hence requires support of an integrative analysis of several character sets. To date, the species Drosophila sturtevanti, D. magalhaesi, D. milleri and D. dacunhai, belonging to the sturtevanti subgroup of the Neotropical saltans species group, are identified mainly by the aedeagus morphology, but also present some differences in spot coloration and patterning of the female sixth tergite and in the shape and size of the spermathecae, parallel to a pattern of reproductive isolation. In the present study, we describe a novel saltans group species from French Guiana belonging to the sturtevanti subgroup. Our species designation is based on an integrative approach covering (i) aedeagi and spermathecae morphology by scanning electron microscopy, (ii) analysis of female sixth-tergite color, (iii) morphometrical analysis of aedeagi and wings, (iv) analysis of partial sequence of the COI, COII and ND4 mitochondrial genes as well as (v) intercrosses for analysis of reproductive isolation. The comparative analysis of the results on these markers with those of D. sturtevanti, D. milleri and D. dacunhai supports that this line belongs to a new species of the sturtevanti subgroup that we name Drosophila lehrmanae sp. nov. in honor of Prof. Lee Ehrman´s 85th birthday. 

scholarly journals Dead man’s fingers point towards new species: A taxonomic revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum with statistical discrimination methods and a survey of integrative taxonomy in Octocorallia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gustav Kessel
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Colony Morphology ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Species Discrimination ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure

<p><b>Octocorals are a diverse group of sessile, colonial, filter-feeding anthozoan cnidarians, which form significant components of benthic marine communities worldwide. Globally, the most critical hurdle to the effective management of octocorals in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressure is the poor state of their species-level taxonomy, which hinders understanding of their biodiversity. New Zealand’s octocoral assemblage is among the most diverse of any country and is characterised by high levels of endemism, yet over half of its octocoral species remain undescribed. While progress is being made, this has focussed almost exclusively on protected deep-sea gorgonian octocorals.</b></p> <p>Unprotected coastal soft corals are less studied in New Zealand. This includes the endemic Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy and Gaimard, 1833. Multiple, morphologically diverse forms have been attributed to this species. Here, the taxonomic status of A. aurantiacum is reviewed, and its phylogenetic relationships are examined using molecular data (nuclear 28S and mitochondrial MutS genes), which is compared to morphology in an integrative approach. As a result, evidence for two new, endemic genera and ten new species is presented. Alcyonium aurantiacum is referred to Kotatea gen. n. (as K. aurantiaca comb. n.), which contains seven additional new species. A second genus, Ushanaia gen. n., contains three new species.</p> <p>Of the new taxa described herein, K. aurantiaca and K. lobata sp. n. are the most commonly encountered and widespread, yet little is known regarding their biology. Both species co-occur in their natural habitat, could not be differentiated genetically with the tools used here, and can be difficult to distinguish without microscopic sclerite examinations. To facilitate the identification of these two similar species by non-taxonomists, a statistical model was developed that can discriminate them with up to 90% accuracy using easily obtainable measurements of gross colony morphology. Relationships between colony morphology and depth are also examined.</p> <p>Considering the difficulties associated with species discrimination among octocorals, a literature survey was conducted to review the use of integrative taxonomy in this group since the start of the 21st century, focusing particularly on morpho-molecular data comparisons. This revealed that, while description rates at family, genus, and species levels over the last twenty-one years rank among the highest ever, integrative techniques have been applied unevenly across taxonomic groups and geographic regions and overall remain a minority compared to taxonomic research based solely on morphology. Implementation of the integrative approach is increasing, however, as are the per-annum number of taxonomic publications and the total pool of authors associated with these publications.</p> <p>It is hoped that the research presented herein can contribute to ongoing global efforts of revising octocoral systematics and that the examination of integrative practices in octocoral taxonomy will serve as a baseline against which future taxonomic progress can be compared and promoted. For New Zealand specifically, elucidating the taxonomy and variability of these endemic taxa will enable aspects such as their contribution to ecosystem functioning and management needs to be examined accurately for the first time, which in turn may lead to their recognition as organisms worthy of legal protection.</p>

scholarly journals Dead man’s fingers point towards new species: A taxonomic revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum with statistical discrimination methods and a survey of integrative taxonomy in Octocorallia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gustav Kessel
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Colony Morphology ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Species Discrimination ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure

<p><b>Octocorals are a diverse group of sessile, colonial, filter-feeding anthozoan cnidarians, which form significant components of benthic marine communities worldwide. Globally, the most critical hurdle to the effective management of octocorals in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressure is the poor state of their species-level taxonomy, which hinders understanding of their biodiversity. New Zealand’s octocoral assemblage is among the most diverse of any country and is characterised by high levels of endemism, yet over half of its octocoral species remain undescribed. While progress is being made, this has focussed almost exclusively on protected deep-sea gorgonian octocorals.</b></p> <p>Unprotected coastal soft corals are less studied in New Zealand. This includes the endemic Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy and Gaimard, 1833. Multiple, morphologically diverse forms have been attributed to this species. Here, the taxonomic status of A. aurantiacum is reviewed, and its phylogenetic relationships are examined using molecular data (nuclear 28S and mitochondrial MutS genes), which is compared to morphology in an integrative approach. As a result, evidence for two new, endemic genera and ten new species is presented. Alcyonium aurantiacum is referred to Kotatea gen. n. (as K. aurantiaca comb. n.), which contains seven additional new species. A second genus, Ushanaia gen. n., contains three new species.</p> <p>Of the new taxa described herein, K. aurantiaca and K. lobata sp. n. are the most commonly encountered and widespread, yet little is known regarding their biology. Both species co-occur in their natural habitat, could not be differentiated genetically with the tools used here, and can be difficult to distinguish without microscopic sclerite examinations. To facilitate the identification of these two similar species by non-taxonomists, a statistical model was developed that can discriminate them with up to 90% accuracy using easily obtainable measurements of gross colony morphology. Relationships between colony morphology and depth are also examined.</p> <p>Considering the difficulties associated with species discrimination among octocorals, a literature survey was conducted to review the use of integrative taxonomy in this group since the start of the 21st century, focusing particularly on morpho-molecular data comparisons. This revealed that, while description rates at family, genus, and species levels over the last twenty-one years rank among the highest ever, integrative techniques have been applied unevenly across taxonomic groups and geographic regions and overall remain a minority compared to taxonomic research based solely on morphology. Implementation of the integrative approach is increasing, however, as are the per-annum number of taxonomic publications and the total pool of authors associated with these publications.</p> <p>It is hoped that the research presented herein can contribute to ongoing global efforts of revising octocoral systematics and that the examination of integrative practices in octocoral taxonomy will serve as a baseline against which future taxonomic progress can be compared and promoted. For New Zealand specifically, elucidating the taxonomy and variability of these endemic taxa will enable aspects such as their contribution to ecosystem functioning and management needs to be examined accurately for the first time, which in turn may lead to their recognition as organisms worthy of legal protection.</p>

Integrative taxonomy reveals remarkable diversity in Australian Protomiltogramma (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5043 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-104
Author(s):  
NIKOLAS P. JOHNSTON ◽  
JAMES F. WALLMAN ◽  
KRZYSZTOF SZPILA ◽  
THOMAS PAPE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Flesh Flies

Protomiltogramma Townsend is the largest and most diverse genus of miltogrammine flesh flies in Australia. However, no comprehensive taxonomic work had been completed on the Australian members of this genus in almost a century. This study presents the first taxonomic revision of all Australian species of Protomiltogramma (Sarcophagidae: Miltogramminae), completed using an integrative approach combining molecular and morphological data. Eight new species endemic to Australia are described: P. dalbiensis sp. n., P. grandis sp. n., P. incana sp. n., P. kapnos sp. n., P. nigrisensa sp. n., P. popularis sp. n., P. rubra sp. n. and P. subtilis sp. n. In addition, P. australis Malloch, 1930 is synonymised with P. cincta Townsend, 1916, syn. n. and P. mallochi Verves, 1987 is synonymised with P. laticeps Malloch, 1930, syn. n. Molecular phylogenetics is used to place the Australian Protomiltogramma among the miltogrammine genera of the world.  

scholarly journals How many species of Eranthis (Ranunculaceae) are there in Siberia and Far East part of Russia? An integrative taxonomic approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Erst ◽  
◽  
E.Yu. Mitrenina ◽  
W. Wang ◽  
M.V. Skaptsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Far East ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Population Heterogeneity ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
East Part ◽  
Biochemical Methods ◽  
Taxonomic Approach

For Siberian and Far East Eranthis systematics and taxonomy problems solving the integrative approach which includes morphometrical, cytological, molecular-philogenetical and biochemical methods has been applied. Complex obtained data has showed the genus population heterogeneity within the territory under study. Based on integrative taxonomy the new species – Eranthis tanhoensis was described. Our further research will allow study hybrids and evolution of Siberian and Far East taxa.

New species of gall fly (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) from Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Myrtaceae) in southern Australia and its associated parasitoids and inquilines

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4701 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-416
Author(s):  
GARY S. TAYLOR ◽  
BRITTANY K. HYDER ◽  
KERRIE A. DAVIES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Dorsal Shield ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Shoot Buds ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Dehnh ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Cross Vein

A new species of gall fly, Fergusonina nodulosa sp. nov. (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) is described from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. (Myrtaceae) in southern Australia. The adult fly is yellow with dark brown to black markings, the male postgonites have one large distal tooth and an ovoid subapical lobe with two lateral setae, the female postabdomen is short and sparsely setose, and the wing has a posterior cross vein. The larva possesses a dorsal shield comprising rows of raised spicules on thoracic segments 1–3 and abdominal segments 1–7, and the puparium is heavily sclerotised dark brown, barrel-shaped, bearing the dorsal shield. Fergusonina nodulosa sp. nov. forms nodular ‘stem’ galls initiating from the axial shoot buds. The galls are 2–8 mm in diameter with an average volume of 123 (range 25–480) mm3. Thirteen species of Hymenoptera, comprising primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of the gall fly and associated lepidopteran inquilines, and three species of Lepidoptera inquilines were reared from galls of this new species. Fergusonina nodulosa sp. nov. is associated with the obligate mutualist nematode, Fergusobia camaldulensae Davies. 

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