scholarly journals Conversion of Natural Evergreen Broadleaved Forests Decreases Soil Organic Carbon but Increases the Relative Contribution of Microbial Residue in Subtropical China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liuming Yang ◽  
Silu Chen ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Quancheng Wang ◽  
Xiaojian Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Amino Sugars ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
Chinese Fir Plantation ◽  
Microbial Residue

It has been recognized that land use change affects soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and the associated microbial turnover. However, the contribution of microbial residue to SOC storage remains largely unknown in land use change processes. To this end, we adopted a “space for time” approach to examine the dynamics of SOC and amino sugars, which was a biomarker of microbial residue C, in different natural forest conversions. Three typical converted forests were selected: an assisted natural regeneration (ANR) and two coniferous plantations of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook (Chinese fir) and Pinus massoniana Lamb. (pine) each. All of these were developed at the same time after the harvest of an old natural forest and they were used to evaluate the effects of forest conversions with contrasting anthropogenic disturbance on SOC and microbial residue C, along with the natural forest. Natural forest conversion led to an approximately 42% decrease in SOC for ANR with low anthropogenic disturbance, 60% for the Chinese fir plantation, and 64% for the pine plantation. In contrast, the natural forest conversion led to a 32% decrease in the total amino sugars (TAS) for ANR, 43% for the Chinese fir plantation, and 54% for the pine plantation at a soil depth of 0–10 cm. The ratios of TAS to SOC were significantly increased following natural forest conversion, with the highest ratio being observed in the Chinese fir plantation, whereas the ratios of glucosamine to muramic acid (GluN/MurA) were significantly decreased in the two plantations, but not in ANR. The contents of SOC, individual amino sugar, or TAS, and GluN/MurA ratios were consistently higher at a soil depth of 0–10 cm than at 10–20 cm for all of the experimental forests. Redundancy analysis showed that microbial residue C was significantly correlated with SOC, and both were positively correlated with fine root biomass, annual litterfall, and soil available phosphorus. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that microbial residue C accumulation varied with SOC and litter input, and played a more important role in SOC storage following forest conversion to plantations with higher anthropogenic disturbance.

Loss of soil organic carbon following natural forest conversion to Chinese fir plantation

2019 ◽  
Vol 449 ◽  
pp. 117476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijie Yang ◽  
Shidong Chen ◽  
Xioafei Liu ◽  
Decheng Xiong ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Chinese Fir Plantation

Changes in Soil Chemical Properties Under Different Land-Use Systems and Soil Depth Layers: A Case Study from the Central Highlands of Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadesa Bato ◽  
Tamrat Bekele ◽  
Sebsebe Demissew
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Land Use Systems

Abstract Background: Soil chemical properties have changed under different land-use systems and soil depth layers either by increasing or decreasing. Hence, scientifically information on the soil chemical properties dynamics under different land-use systems and soil depths are crucial for best land management practices, and to avoiding ecological negative impacts of it for sustainable development. The study aimed to evaluate the soil chemical properties dynamics under different land-use systems and soil depths in the central highlands of Ethiopia. The land-use systems included natural forest, four exotic tree plantation species (Eucalyptus globules, Cupressus lusitanica, Grevillea robusta, and Pinus patula), grassland, grazing land, and cropland. Results: The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the majority of soil chemical properties of OC, TN, Avial. P, soil pH, EC, CEC, and exchangeable bases (Ca, Mg, K, Na) were showed that significant variations among land-use systems (P<0.0001). The highest mean values of OC (3.49 % DM ), TN ( 0.31 % DM) , Avail.P (31.52 mg/kg of soil ), CEC ( 33.63 meq/100gm soil), Exch. Ca (17.13 cmol(+)/kg soil), Exch. Mg (5.37 cmol(+)/kg soil), and Exch. K ( 3.60 cmol(+)/kg soil) were observed under natural forest than others of land-use systems. The results also showed that the lowest mean values of OC (1.47 % DM), TN (0.13 %DM), soil pH (5.38), CEC (18.98 meq/100gm soil), Exch. Ca (9.93 cmol(+)/kg soil), Exch. K (1.20 cmol(+)/kg soil), and Exch. Na (0.22 cmol(+)/kg soil) were recorded under cropland than other land-use systems. The highest mean values of EC (3.47ds/m), and Exch. Na (0.60 cmol(+)/kg soil) were observed under Eucalyptus globulus plantation forest. The overall mean values of OC, TN, Avail.P, CEC, Exch. Mg, Exch. Ca, Exch. K, and Exch. Na accumulation at the topsoil layer was higher than that of the subsoil layer except for soil pH and EC. Conclusion: In general, the majority of soil chemical properties under cropland and Eucalyptus globulus plantation forest were poorer than the soils subjected to other land-use systems which indicated that changes in land use systems were significantly affected soil chemical properties.

Land Use Patterns Effect on Soil Anti-Erodibility in Low Mountain-Hilly Region

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 3768-3774
Author(s):  
Shu Qin He ◽  
Zi Cheng Zheng ◽  
Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Abandoned Farmland ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Water Stable Aggregate ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Chinese Fir Plantation

Land use patterns effect on soil anti-erodibility was studied by the combinative means of field investigation and laboratory analysis in low mountain-hilly region. The results showed that he five land use patterns had high proportion of aggregates at the size of >2 mm after dry sieving and had high proportion of aggregates at the size of <0.5 mm after wet sieving. Soil dispersion was mainly reflected in aggregate at the size of 0.05- 0.001 mm under different land use patterns. It was significantly different to land use patterns effect on soil anti-erodibility. Soil anti-erodibility in Chinese fir plantation and Eucalyptus plantation were stronger than those of tea plantation, loquat orchard and abandoned farmland. Water-stable aggregate stability was the highest in Chinese fir plantation, followed by eucalyptus plantations and tea plantations, and water-stable aggregate stability was the lowest in loquat orchards and abandoned farmland. Except for coarse dust, the other soil particle content of the same size had the different change under different land use patterns. The change of status of aggregate and degree of aggregation was opposite to the change of dispersive coefficient under different land use patterns. Water stability index and soil organic matter content in Chinese fir plantation, eucalyptus plantation and loquat orchard was higher than that of abandoned farmland and tea plantation. So, land use patterns of Chinese fir plantation and eucalyptus plantation was reasonable in study area.

scholarly journals Forest conversion to poplar plantation in a Lombardy floodplain (Italy): effects on soil organic carbon stock

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6483-6493 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ferré ◽  
R. Comolli ◽  
A. Leip ◽  
G. Seufert
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Poplar Plantation ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Soc Stocks

Abstract. Effects of forest conversion to poplar plantation on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks were investigated by sampling paired plots in an alluvial area of the Ticino River in Northern Italy. According to land registers and historical aerial photographs, the two sites were part of a larger area of a 200 yr old natural forest that was partly converted to poplar plantation in 1973. The soil sampling of three layers down to a depth of 100 cm was performed at 90 and 70 points in the natural forest (NF) and in the nearby poplar plantation (PP) respectively. The substitution of the natural forest with the poplar plantation strongly modified soil C stock down to a depth of 55 cm, although the management practices at PP were not intensive. After calculation of equivalent soil masses and of SOC stocks in individual texture classes, the comparison of C stocks showed an overall decrease in SOC of 5.7 kg m−2 or 40% in consequence of 37 years of poplar cultivation. Our case study provides further evidence that (i) spatial heterogeneity of SOC is an important feature in paired plot studies requiring a careful sampling strategy and high enough number of samples; (ii) land use changes through tillage are creating a more homogeneous spatial structure of soil properties and may require the application of dedicated spatial statistics to tackle eventual problems of pseudo-replicates and auto-correlation; (iii) short rotation forests are not properly represented in current reporting schemes for changes of SOC after land use change and may better be considered as cropland.

scholarly journals Modeled forest conversion influences humid tropical watershed hydrology more than projected climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Joyal ◽  
Alexander Fremier ◽  
Jan Boll
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Humid Tropics ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Watershed Hydrology ◽  
Mountain Watersheds ◽  
Antecedent Moisture

In the humid tropics, forest conversion and climate change threaten the hydrological function and stationarity of watersheds, particularly in steep terrain. As climate change intensifies, shifting precipitation patterns and expanding agricultural and pastoral land use may effectively reduce the resilience of headwater catchments. Compounding this problem is the limited long-term monitoring in developing countries for planning in an uncertain future. In this paper, we asked which change, climate or land use, more greatly affects stream discharge in humid tropical mountain watersheds? To answer this question, we used the process-based, spatially distributed Soil Moisture Routing model. After first evaluating model performance (Ns = 0.73), we conducted a global sensitivity analysis to identify the model parameters that most strongly influence simulated watershed discharge. In particular, peak flows are most influenced by input model parameters that represent baseflow and shallow subsurface soil pathways while low flows are most sensitive to antecedent moisture, macropore hydraulic conductivity, soil depth and porosity parameters. We then simulated a range of land use and climate scenarios in three mountain watersheds of central Costa Rica. Our results show that deforestation influences streamflow more than altered precipitation and temperature patterns through changes in first-order hydrologic hillslope processes. However, forest conversion coupled with intensifying precipitation events amplifies hydrological extremes, reducing the hydrological resilience to predicted climate shifts in mountain watersheds of the humid tropics. This finding suggests that reforestation can help mitigate the effects of climate change on streamflow dynamics in the tropics including impacts to water availability, flood pulses, channel geomorphology and aquatic habitat associated with altered flow regimes.

Responses of C-, N- and P-acquiring hydrolases to P and N fertilizers in a subtropical Chinese fir plantation depend on soil depth

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 103465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuang Zhang ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Yakov Kuzyakov ◽  
Huimin Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Depth ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
N Fertilizers ◽  
Chinese Fir Plantation

scholarly journals Response of termite communities to natural forest conversion

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Heriza ◽  
DAMAYANTI BUCHORI ◽  
IDHAM SAKTI HARAHAP ◽  
NINA MARYANA
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Termite Species ◽  
Land Use Conversion ◽  
Feeding Groups ◽  
Land Use Types

Abstract. Heriza S, Buchori D, Harahap IS, Maryana N. 2021. Response of termite communities to natural forest conversion. Biodiversitas 22: 5092-5096. Natural forest conversion can affect termite communities resulting from the various types of land use conversion. This study aims to examine the impacts of natural forest conversion on termite communities based on species richness, feeding groups, and termite species composition. Four land use types were evaluated on a gradient from the least to the most disturbing: natural forest, plantation forest, oil palm plantations and settlements. The method used to observe termites in this study is a plot measured 50 m x 10 m and was divided into sub-plots of 5 m x 5 m. The termites were collected from leaf litter and soil, dead wood, trunks, and nests. The response of the termite community to the conversion of natural forest functions into other forms of land use types, where for termite species richness, there was no significant differences between land uses, but for abundance and based on feeding groups there were difference between them.

Variation in soil microbial biomass in the dry tropics: impact of land-use change

Soil Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Nandita Ghoshal
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
C And N

The impact of land-use change on soil microbial biomass carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) was studied through two annual cycles involving natural forest, degraded forest, agroecosystem and Jatropha curcas plantation. Soil microbial biomass C and N, soil moisture content and soil temperature were analysed at upper (0–10 cm), middle (10–20 cm) and lower (20–30 cm) soil depths during the rainy, winter and summer seasons. The levels of microbial biomass C and N were highest in the natural forest, followed in decreasing order by Jatropha curcas plantation, degraded forest and the agroecosystem. The highest level of soil microbial biomass C and N was observed during summer, decreasing through winter to the minimum during the rainy season. Soil microbial biomass C and N decreased with increasing soil depth for all land-use types, and for all seasons. Seasonal variation in soil microbial biomass was better correlated with the soil moisture content than with soil temperature. The microbial biomass C/N ratio increased with the soil depth for all land-use types, indicating changes in the microbial community with soil depth. It is concluded that the change in land-use pattern, from natural forest to other ecosystems, results in a considerable decrease in soil microbial biomass C and N. Jatropha plantation may be an alternative for the restoration of degraded lands in the dry tropics.

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