scholarly journals Torreya jackii (Taxaceae): A Special Species that is Genetically Admixed, Morphologically Distinct, and Geographically Sympatric with Parent Species

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Yu-Jin Wang ◽  
Kun Xiao ◽  
Yi-Xuan Kou
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Independent Species

Torreya jackii Chun is an endangered species (Taxaceae) confined to a few localities in China. However, the species status of T. jackii within Torreya Arn. has not been clearly elucidated under a phylogenetic context. In this study, phylogenetic analyses based on the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) indicated that T. jackii is closely related with a sympatric species T. grandis Fort. ex Lindl. that is present due to cultivation. However, analysis based on the concatenated sequences of seven chloroplast loci resolved T. jackii as the first branch within the genus. Given their overlapping distribution and synchronous blooming, we suggest that the plastid-nuclear incongruence was derived from the dilution of the nuclear genome of T. jackii by T. grandis via pollen-mediated introgression hybridization when the two species met due to cultivation. Introgressive hybridization is fairly common in plants but few cases have been recognized as independent species. Our study highlights the complexity of protecting endangered species and the need for caution to prevent the unreasonable expansion of economic crops into the distribution ranges of their wild relatives.

scholarly journals Phylogenomics reveals a complex evolutionary history of lobed-leaf white oaks in western North America

Genome ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 733-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. McVay ◽  
Duncan Hauser ◽  
Andrew L. Hipp ◽  
Paul S. Manos
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Robust Estimate ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tree Space ◽  
Quercus Gambelii ◽  
Lobed Leaf ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Historical Range

Species within the genus Quercus (oak) hybridize in complex patterns that have yet to be fully explored with phylogenomic data. Analyses to date have recovered reasonable divergent patterns, suggesting that the impact of introgression may not always be obvious in inferred oak phylogenies. We explore this phenomenon using RADseq data for 136 samples representing 54 oak species by conducting phylogenetic analyses designed to distinguish signals of lineage diversification and hybridization, focusing on the lobed-leaf species Quercus gambelii, Q. lobata, and Q. garryana in the context of a broad sampling of allied white oaks (Quercus section Quercus), and particularly the midwestern Q. macrocarpa. We demonstrate that historical introgressive hybridization between once sympatric species affects phylogeny estimation. Historical range expansion during periods of favorable climate likely explains our observations; analyses support genetic exchange between ancestral populations of Q. gambelii and Q. macrocarpa. We conclude that the genomic consequences of introgression caused the attraction of distant lineages in phylogenetic tree space, and that introgressive and divergent signals can be disentangled to produce a robust estimate of the phylogenetic history of the species.

Redescriptions and species status of the South African mites Galumna lawrencei Jacot, 1940 and Galumna natalensis Jacot, 1940 (Acari, Oribatida, Galumnidae), with lectotype designation

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4568 (3) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGEY G. ERMILOV ◽  
ELIZABETH A. HUGO-COETZEE
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Type Material ◽  
The South ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Independent Species

The main morphological traits of Galumna lawrencei Jacot, 1940 stat. nov. and Galumna natalensis Jacot, 1940 stat. nov. (Oribatida, Galumnidae) are presented based on the type material from South Africa. We consider that these species are not subspecies of Galumna maxima as was proposed originally by Jacot 1940, but independent species. A lectotype for G. lawrencei is designated, due to the mixed-species cotype series. 

scholarly journals Hidden tribe: A new species of Stream Toad of the genus Ansonia Stoliczka, 1870 (Anura: Bufonidae) from the poorly explored mountainous borderlands of western Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 763-779
Author(s):  
Chatmongkon Suwannapoom ◽  
L. Lee Grismer ◽  
Parinya Pawangkhanant ◽  
Mali Naiduangchan ◽  
Platon V. Yushchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

Abstract The integrated results of morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses confirmed the new species status of a recently discovered population of Ansonia from Suan Phueng District, Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. Ansonia karensp. nov. is separated from all other species of Ansonia by a unique combination of mensural, discrete morphological, and color pattern characteristics and is the sister species of A. thinthinae from Tanintharyi Division, Myanmar. This discovery fills a geographic hiatus of 350 km between it and A. kraensis from Ranong Province, Thailand. Ansonia karensp. nov. is the newest member of a long list of range-restricted endemics having been recently discovered in the northern Tenasserim Mountain region of western Thailand and continues to underscore the unexplored nature of this region and its need for conservation.

scholarly journals Altitudinal distribution and advertisement call of Colostethus latinasus (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae), endemic species from eastern Panama and type species of Colostethus , with a molecular assessment of similar sympatric species

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4254 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERTO D. IBÁÑEZ ◽  
EDGARDO J. GRIFFITH ◽  
KAREN R. LIPS ◽  
ANDREW J. CRAWFORD
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Molecular Assessment

We conducted a molecular assessment of Colostethus-like frogs along an elevational gradient in the Serranía de Pirre, above Santa Cruz de Cana, eastern Panama, aiming to establish their species identity and to determine the altitudinal distribution of C. latinasus. Our findings confirm the view of C. latinasus as an endemic species restricted to the highlands of this mountain range, i.e., 1350–1475 m.a.s.l., considered to be type locality of this species. We described the advertisement call of C. latinasus that consists of a series of 4–18 single, short and relatively loud “peep”-like notes given in rapid succession, and its spectral and temporal features were compared with calls of congeneric species. For the first time, DNA sequences from C. latinasus were obtained, since previously reported sequences were based on misidentified specimens. This is particularly important because C. latinasus is the type species of Colostethus, a genus considered paraphyletic according to recent phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data. 

Molecular divergence between two sympatric species of Dondice (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) with distinct feeding specializations

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (7) ◽  
pp. 1887-1893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Gonzalez ◽  
Dieta Hanson ◽  
Ángel Valdés
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
16S Gene ◽  
Putative Species ◽  
Gene Data

Analysis of mitochondrial (16S) and nuclear (H3) gene data using phylogenetic and population genetic approaches has revealed some genetic differences between two putative species of western Atlantic Dondice opisthobranchs that feed differentially on hydroids or on up-side-down jellies of the genus Cassiopeia. These results partially support the validity of the species Dondice parguerensis, which was described for the jelly-eating Dondice. However, phylogenetic analyses revealed that the hydroid-feeding species Dondice occidentalis and D. parguerensis are not reciprocally monophyletic and they are identical for the nuclear H3 gene. Although there are morphological and developmental differences between these two nominal species, the molecular data are inconclusive. A possible explanation is that the two putative species are in the process of speciation due to different feeding habits, resulting in the presence of genetic synapomorphies in D. parguerensis, but only in the more variable 16S gene. Because the ranges D. occidentalis and D. parguerensis overlap and there are no obvious barriers to gene flow between the two putative species, this may constitute a possible example of incipient sympatric speciation in benthic marine organisms.

The taxonomic status of the Castelo dos Sonhos Hantavirus reservoir, Oligoryzomys utiaritensis Allen 1916 (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3220 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODRIGO AGRELLOS ◽  
CIBELE R. BONVICINO ◽  
ELIZABETH SALBÉ T. ROSA ◽  
APARECIDO A.R. MARQUES ◽  
PAULO S. D’ANDREA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Diploid Number ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Natural Reservoir ◽  
Nuclear Intron ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B

Species of the genus Oligoryzomys are commonly found accross Latin America, and several of them play important rolesas natural reservoirs of Hantaviruses. Here we demonstrate that O. utiaritensis, the natural reservoir of hantavirus Castelodos Sonhos in northwestwern Brazil and previously considered a junior synonym of O. nigripes or O. eliurus, is a validspecies. Morphology, morphometry, karyotyping, and phylogenetic reconstructions based on nuclear (intron 7 of the beta-fibrinogen gene) and mitochondrial (cytochrome b) DNA show that O. utiaritensis differs from O. nigripes and from otherforms of the genus, including the recently described taxon O. moojeni. Oligoryzomys utiaritensis differs in external (whit-ish ventral pelage and tail weakly bicolored) and cranial (incisive foramina never extending posteriorly the alveolus lineof M1) characters from sympatric species. It has the highest diploid number (2n=72) within Oligoryzomys, and is charac-terized by three putative synapomorphies in cytochrome b, and one in intron 7 of beta fibrinogen. We also point to theassignment of Oligoryzomys eliurus as a junior synonym of O. nigripes. Finally, we present phylogenetic analyses of in-trageneric relationships showing that O. utiaritensis is a member of a clade containing Amazonian and Cerrado taxa, including O. moojeni, O. rupestris, and O. delicatus.

scholarly journals Updated ranges of the Vulnerable cheetah and Endangered African wild dog in Angola

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 851-853
Author(s):  
Pedro Monterroso ◽  
Filipe Rocha ◽  
Stefan van Wyk ◽  
Telmo António ◽  
Milcíades Chicomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lycaon Pictus ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Acinonyx Jubatus ◽  
Civil Unrest ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
African Wild Dog ◽  
African Wild Dogs ◽  
The Status ◽  
Wild Dog ◽  
Wild Dogs

AbstractThe civil unrest that ravaged Angola for nearly 30 years took a heavy toll on the country's wildlife, and led to a lengthy absence of reliable information for many threatened species, including the cheetah Acinonyx jubatus and African wild dog Lycaon pictus. Using camera trapping we assessed the status of these two species in two areas of southern Angola, and complemented our findings by reviewing recent survey reports and observations to provide an update on the species' status. We found unequivocal evidence that African wild dogs are resident and reproducing in Bicuar National Park, where cheetahs appear to be absent. Conversely, cheetahs may be resident in western Cuando Cubango province, where African wild dogs may only be transient. Based on these and other recent records in Angola, we recommend a revision of these species' distribution ranges and note the need for monitoring of these remnant populations and for appropriate attention to any threats.

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