scholarly journals Aboveground Biomass Allocation and Additive Allometric Models for Natural Larix gmelinii in the Western Daxing’anling Mountains, Northeastern China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengwang Meng ◽  
Quanquan Jia ◽  
Qijing Liu ◽  
Guang Zhou ◽  
Huimin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Larix Gmelinii ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Biomass Equations

Accurate estimates of tree component and aboveground biomass strongly depend on robust and precise allometric equations. However, site-specific and suitable biomass equations are currently scarce for natural Larix gmelinii forests in the western Daxing’anling Mountains, northeastern China. This study aimed to evaluate the biomass allocation patterns within tree components and develop additive allometric biomass equations for species of L. gmelinii. A total of 58 trees were destructively sampled and measured for wood (inside bark), bark, branch and leaf biomass. For each component, we assessed the share of biomass allocated to different components by computing its ratio; we also tested two allometric equations based on diameter at breast height (dbh) alone, and dbh fitted with height (h) as independent variables. Seemingly unrelated regression methodology was used to fit an additive system of biomass allometric equations. We performed an independent dataset to evaluate the predictive ability of the best model system. The results revealed that wood biomass accounted for approximately 60% of the aboveground biomass. Wood and branch biomass ratios increased with increasing dbh, while a reverse trend was observed for bark and leaf biomass ratios. All models showed good fitting results with Adj.R2 = 0.958–0.995. Tree dbh provided the lowest estimation errors in the regressions associated with branches and leaves, while dbh2 × h generated the most precise models for stems (wood and bark). We conclude that these allometric equations will accurately predict biomass for Larix trees in the western Daxing’anling Mountains.

scholarly journals Generic Additive Allometric Models and Biomass Allocation for Two Natural Oak Species in Northeastern China

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 715
Author(s):  
Shengwang Meng ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Sheng Hu ◽  
Haibin Wang ◽  
Huimin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Stem Biomass ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Biomass Models ◽  
Mongolian Oak

Current models for oak species could not accurately estimate biomass in northeastern China, since they are usually restricted to Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb.) on local sites, and specifically, no biomass models are available for Liaodong oak (Quercuswutaishanica Mayr). The goal of this study was, therefore, to develop generic biomass models for both oak species on a large scale and evaluate the biomass allocation patterns within tree components. A total of 159 sample trees consisting of 120 Mongolian oak and 39 Liaodong oak were harvested and measured for wood (inside bark), bark, branch and foliage biomass. To account for the belowground biomass, 53 root systems were excavated following the aboveground harvest. The share of biomass allocated to different components was assessed by calculating the ratios. An aboveground additive system of biomass models and belowground equations were fitted based on predictors considering diameter (D), tree height (H), crown width (CW) and crown length (CL). Model parameters were estimated by jointly fitting the total and the components’ equations using the weighted nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression method. A leave-one-out cross-validation procedure was used to evaluate the predictive ability. The results revealed that stem biomass accounts for about two-thirds of the aboveground biomass. The ratio of wood biomass holds constant and that of branches increases with increasing D, H, CW and CL, while a reverse trend was found for bark and foliage. The root-to-shoot ratio nonlinearly decreased with D, ranging from 1.06 to 0.11. Tree diameter proved to be a good predictor, especially for root biomass. Tree height is more prominent than crown size for improving stem biomass models, yet it puts negative effects on crown biomass models with non-significant coefficients. Crown width could help improve the fitting results of the branch and foliage biomass models. We conclude that the selected generic biomass models for Mongolian oak and Liaodong oak will vigorously promote the accuracy of biomass estimation.

scholarly journals Aboveground Biomass Allocation of Boreal Shrubs and Short-Stature Trees in Northwestern Canada

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Linda Flade ◽  
Christopher Hopkinson ◽  
Laura Chasmer
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Allometric Models ◽  
Stem Biomass ◽  
Model Fits

In this follow-on study on aboveground biomass of shrubs and short-stature trees, we provide plant component aboveground biomass (herein ‘AGB’) as well as plant component AGB allometric models for five common boreal shrub and four common boreal short-stature tree genera/species. The analyzed plant components consist of stem, branch, and leaf organs. We found similar ratios of component biomass to total AGB for stems, branches, and leaves amongst shrubs and deciduous tree genera/species across the southern Northwest Territories, while the evergreen Picea genus differed in the biomass allocation to aboveground plant organs compared to the deciduous genera/species. Shrub component AGB allometric models were derived using the three-dimensional variable volume as predictor, determined as the sum of line-intercept cover, upper foliage width, and maximum height above ground. Tree component AGB was modeled using the cross-sectional area of the stem diameter as predictor variable, measured at 0.30 m along the stem length. For shrub component AGB, we achieved better model fits for stem biomass (60.33 g ≤ RMSE ≤ 163.59 g; 0.651 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.885) compared to leaf biomass (12.62 g ≤ RMSE ≤ 35.04 g; 0.380 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.735), as has been reported by others. For short-stature trees, leaf biomass predictions resulted in similar model fits (18.21 g ≤ RMSE ≤ 70.0 g; 0.702 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.882) compared to branch biomass (6.88 g ≤ RMSE ≤ 45.08 g; 0.736 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.923) and only slightly better model fits for stem biomass (30.87 g ≤ RMSE ≤ 11.72 g; 0.887 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.960), which suggests that leaf AGB of short-stature trees (<4.5 m) can be more accurately predicted using cross-sectional area as opposed to diameter at breast height for tall-stature trees. Our multi-species shrub and short-stature tree allometric models showed promising results for predicting plant component AGB, which can be utilized for remote sensing applications where plant functional types cannot always be distinguished. This study provides critical information on plant AGB allocation as well as component AGB modeling, required for understanding boreal AGB and aboveground carbon pools within the dynamic and rapidly changing Taiga Plains and Taiga Shield ecozones. In addition, the structural information and component AGB equations are important for integrating shrubs and short-stature tree AGB into carbon accounting strategies in order to improve our understanding of the rapidly changing boreal ecosystem function.

scholarly journals Effects of Stand Age on Biomass Allocation and Allometry of Quercus Acutissima in the Central Loess Plateau of China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Wenyan Xue ◽  
Shichuan Yu ◽  
Jianyun Zhou ◽  
Wenhui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Quercus Acutissima ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Biomass Equations ◽  
Total Tree

We studied the effects of stand age on allocation and equation fitting of aboveground and below-ground biomass in four Quercus acutissima stands (14, 31, 46, and 63 years old) in the Central Loess Plateau of China. The stem wood, stem bark, branch, foliage, and belowground biomass of each of the 20 destructive harvesting trees were quantified. The mean total biomass of each tree was 28.8, 106.8, 380.6, and 603.4 kg/tree in the 14-, 31-, 46-, and 63-year-old stands, respectively. Aboveground biomass accounted for 72.25%, 73.05%, 76.14%, and 80.37% of the total tree biomass in the 14-, 31-, 46-, and 63-year-old stands, respectively, and stem wood was the major component of tree biomass. The proportion of stem (with bark) biomass to total tree biomass increased with stand age while the proportions of branch, foliage, and belowground biomass to total tree biomass decreased with stand age. The ratio of belowground biomass to aboveground biomass decreased from 0.39 in the 14-year-old stand to 0.37, 0.31, and 0.24 in the 31-, 46-, and 63-year-old stands, respectively. Age-specific biomass equations in each stand were developed for stem wood, stem bark, aboveground, and total tree. The inclusion of tree height as a second variable improved the total tree biomass equation fitting for middle-aged (31-year-old and 46-year-old) stands but not young (14 years old) and mature (63 years old) stands. Moreover, biomass conversion and expansion factors (BCEFs) varied with stand age, showing a decreasing trend with increasing stand age. These results indicate that stand age alters the biomass allocation of Q. acutissima and results in age-specific allometric biomass equations and BCEFs. Therefore, to obtain accurate estimates of Q. acutissima forest biomass and carbon stocks, age-specific changes need to be considered.

Effect of tree, stand, and site variables on the allometry of Eucalyptus globulus tree biomass

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno António ◽  
Margarida Tomé ◽  
José Tomé ◽  
Paula Soares ◽  
Luís Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
System Of Equations ◽  
Tree Allometry ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Stage Of Development

The objective of this study was to develop a system of compatible equations to estimate eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus globulus Labill.) tree aboveground biomass and biomass of tree components for forest biomass prediction across regional boundaries. Data came from 441 trees sampled on several sites (99 and 14 plots in planted and coppice regenerated stands, respectively) representative of the eucalyptus expansion area in Portugal. The system of equations, simultaneously fitted using seemingly unrelated regression, was based on the allometric model for the biomass of stem wood, stem bark, leaves, and branches. Total aboveground biomass was expressed as the sum of the biomass of the respective tree components. The study allowed the following conclusions: (i) there is a significant increase in the predictive ability of the models that include height (stem components) or crown length (crown components) as an additional predictor to diameter at 1.30 m; (ii) there is a clear effect of the stage of development of the stand on tree allometry, with a decreasing pattern of the allometric constants; (iii) no effect of stand density, site index or climate on tree allometry was found; and (iv) for practical purposes, the same system of equations can be used for planted and coppice regenerated stands.

The allometric relationships for estimating above-ground biomass and carbon stock in an abandoned traditional garden in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karyati Karyati ◽  
Kusno Yuli Widiati ◽  
Karmini Karmini ◽  
Rachmad Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
East Kalimantan

Abstract. Karyati, Widiati KY, Karmini, Mulyadi R. 2021. The allometric relationships for estimating aboveground biomass and carbon stock in an abandoned traditional garden in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 751-762. The existence of traditional gardens after abandonment process has a role based on ecological and economic aspects. To estimate the biomass and carbon stock in the abandoned traditional gardens, specific allometric equations are required. The aim of this study was to develop allometric equations to estimate biomass of plant parts (leaf, branch, trunk, and aboveground biomass (AGB)) through tree dimensions variables (diameter at breast height (DBH), total tree height, and tree bole height). The relationships between stem biomass, AGB and tree dimensions were very strong indicated by the relatively high adjusted R2 value. The moderately strong relationships were shown between branch biomass and tree dimensions, meanwhile, the relationship between leaf biomass and tree dimensions was very weak. The specific allometric equations for estimating biomass and carbon stocks that are suitable for tree species and/or forest stands at a particular site are very useful for calculating the carbon stocks and sequestration. The appropriate biomass and carbon stock calculation are needed to determine policies related to global climate change.

Canadian national tree aboveground biomass equations

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1996-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M-C Lambert ◽  
C-H Ung ◽  
F Raulier
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
National Level ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Biomass Density ◽  
Biomass Equations ◽  
Error Terms

The estimation of aboveground biomass density (organic dry mass per unit area) is required for balancing Canadian national forest carbon budgets. Tree biomass equations are the basic tool for converting inventory plot data into biomass density. New sets of national tree biomass equations have therefore been produced from archival biomass data collected at the beginning of the 1980s through the ENergy from the FORest research program (ENFOR) of the Canadian Forest Service. Since the sampling plan was not standardized among provinces and territories, data had to be harmonized before any biomass equation could be considered at the national level. Two features characterize the new equations: estimated biomass of the compartments (foliage, branch, wood, and bark) are constrained to equal the total biomass, and dependence among error terms for the considered compartments of the same tree is taken into account in the estimates of both the model parameters and the variance prediction. The estimation method known to economists as “seemingly unrelated regression” allowed the inclusion of dependencies among the error terms of the considered biomass compartments. Sets of equations based on diameter at breast height (dbh) and on dbh and height have been produced for 33 species, groups of hardwood and softwood, and for all species combined. Biomass predicted by the new equations was compared with that estimated from provincial equations to evaluate the loss of accuracy when scaling up from the regional to the national scale. Bias and error of prediction from the set of national equations based on dbh and height were generally more similar to those from provincial equations than to those of predictions from the set of equations based on dbh alone.

Aboveground and belowground biomass and sapwood area allometric equations for six boreal tree species of northern Manitoba

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1441-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Bond-Lamberty ◽  
C Wang ◽  
S T Gower
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Sapwood Area ◽  
Coarse Root ◽  
Biomass Equations

Allometric equations were developed relating aboveground biomass, coarse root biomass, and sapwood area to stem diameter at 17 study sites located in the boreal forests near Thompson, Man. The six species studied were trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.), black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), tamarack (Larix laricina (Du Roi) Koch.), and willow (Salix spp.). Stands ranged in age from 4 to 130 years and were categorized as well or poorly drained. Stem diameter ranged from 0.1 to 23.7 cm. Stem diameter was measured at both the soil surface (D0) and breast height (DBH). The relationship between biomass and diameter, fitted on a log–log scale, changed significantly at ~3 cm DBH, suggesting that allometry differed between saplings and older trees. To eliminate this nonlinearity, a model of form log10 Y = a + b(log10 D) + c(AGE) + d(log10 D × AGE) was used, where D is stem diameter, AGE is stand age, and the cross product is the interaction between diameter and age. Most aboveground biomass equations (N = 326) exhibited excellent fits (R2 > 0.95). Coarse root biomass equations (N = 205) exhibited good fits (R2 > 0.90). Both D0 and DBH were excellent (R2 > 0.95) sapwood area predictors (N = 413). Faster growing species had significantly higher ratios of sapwood area to stem area than did slower growing species. Nonlinear aspects of some of the pooled biomass equations serve as a caution against extrapolating allometric equations beyond the original sample diameter range.

scholarly journals Twig biomass allocation of Betula platyphylla in different habitats in Wudalianchi Volcano, northeast China

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 758-765
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Lihong Xie ◽  
Qingyang Huang ◽  
Hongjie Cao ◽  
Jifeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Betula Platyphylla ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitats ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Size Number

Abstract Understanding the response of biomass allocation in current-year twigs is crucial for elucidating the plant life-history strategies under heterogeneous volcanic habitats. We aimed to test whether twig biomass allocation, within-leaf biomass allocation, and the size-number trade-off of Betula platyphylla would be influenced. We measured twig traits of B. platyphylla in Wudalianchi volcanic kipuka, the lava platform, and Shankou lake in northeastern China using standardized major axis analyses. The results showed that the leaf number, total lamina mass (TLAM), stem mass (SM), and twig mass (TM) were significantly different between the three habitats and were greatest in kipuka with abundant soil nutrients. TLAM and SM scaled allometrically with respect to TM, while the normalization constants of the lava platform differ significantly between kipuka and Shankou lake, which showed that under certain TM, leaves gain more biomass in the lava platform. However, within the leaf, individual lamina mass (ILM) scaled isometrically with respect to individual petiole mass (IPM) in kipuka and the lava platform, but ILM scaled allometrically to IPM in Shankou lake. Our results indicated that inhabitats influenced the twig traits and biomass allocation and within-leaf biomass allocation are strategies for plants to adapt to volcanic heterogeneous habitats.

Sensitivity of aboveground biomass and species composition to climate change in boreal forests of Northeastern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 445 ◽  
pp. 109472
Author(s):  
Chao Huang ◽  
Yu Liang ◽  
Hong S. He ◽  
Mia M. Wu ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Northeastern China

scholarly journals Allometric equations for estimating tree biomass in restored mixed-species Atlantic Forest stands

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauro Rodrigues Nogueira Júnior ◽  
Vera Lex Engel ◽  
John A. Parrotta ◽  
Antonio Carlos Galvão de Melo ◽  
Danilo Scorzoni Ré
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Biomass Equation ◽  
South Central ◽  
Biomass Equations

Restoration of Atlantic Forests is receiving increasing attention because of its role in both biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration for global climate change mitigation. This study was carried out in an Atlantic Forest restoration project in the south-central region of São Paulo State - Brazil to develop allometric equations to estimate tree biomass of indigenous tree species in mixed plantations. Above and below-ground biomass (AGB and BGB, respectively), stem diameter (DBH: diameter at 1.3 m height), tree height (H: total height) and specific wood density (WD) were measured for 60 trees of 19 species. Different biomass equations (linear and nonlinear-transformed) were adjusted to estimate AGB and BGB as a function of DBH, H and WD. For estimating AGB and BGB, the linear biomass equation models were the least accurate. The transformed nonlinear biomass equation that used log DBH2, log H and log WD as predictor variables were the most accurate for AGB and the transformed nonlinear biomass equations that used log DBH2*WD as predictor variables were the most accurate for BGB. It is concluded that these adjusted equations can be used to estimate the AGB and BGB in areas of the studied project. The adjusted equations can be recommended for use elsewhere in the region for forest stands of similar age, tree size ranges, species composition and site characteristics.

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