scholarly journals Bioenergy Production on Degraded Land: Landowner Perceptions in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yustina Artati ◽  
Wanggi Jaung ◽  
Kartika Juniwaty ◽  
Sarah Andini ◽  
Soo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Technical Capacity ◽  
Extension Support

Bioenergy production from degraded land provides an opportunity to secure a new renewable energy source to meet the rapid growth of energy demand in Indonesia while turning degraded land into productive landscape. However, bioenergy production would not be feasible without landowner participation. This study investigates factors affecting landowners’ preferences for bioenergy production by analyzing 150 landowners with fire experience in Buntoi village in Central Kalimantan using Firth’s logistic regression model. Results indicated that 76% of landowners preferred well-known species that have a readily available market such as sengon (Albizia chinensis (Osb.) Merr.) and rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Müll.Arg.) for restoration on degraded land. Only 8% of preferred nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) for bioenergy production; these particular landowners revealed a capacity to handle the uncertainty of the bioenergy market because they had additional jobs and income, had migrated from Java where nyamplung is prevalent, and preferred agricultural extension to improve their technical capacity. These results contribute to identifying key conditions for a bottom-up approach to bioenergy production from degraded land in Indonesia: a stable bioenergy market for landowners, application of familiar bioenergy species, and agricultural extension support for capacity building.

scholarly journals Bamboo as an Alternative Bioenergy Crop and Powerful Ally for Land Restoration in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Sharma ◽  
Jaya Wahono ◽  
Himlal Baral
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Bioenergy Crop ◽  
Land Restoration ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Bioenergy Feedstock ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Selection Of Species

The energy demand in Indonesia has increased significantly with its population growth, urbanization, and economic development. The growing concern of meeting energy demand while reducing dependency on fossil fuels has resulted in an increasing demand for renewable energy. As a country with a rich biomass base, bioenergy is now an important component of Indonesia’s energy agenda. However, a crucial problem in bioenergy production is the selection of species that can provide a sustainable supply of feedstock without having an impact on food security and the environment. In this context, we discuss the characteristics and benefits of using bamboo, a perennial grass, as a potential species for bioenergy feedstock in Indonesia. We describe the fuel characteristics of bamboo along with the possibility to align its cultivation, production, and usage with environmental and developmental agendas which makes it a suitable bioenergy crop in the country. In addition, its ability to grow on degraded lands, fast growth, long root system, and easy maintenance prove it as a powerful ally for the restoration of degraded land. We recommend in-depth research on the social, ecological, and economic feasibility of using this species for bioenergy production.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Agricultural Extension Contact On Crop Income In Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Zafar Mahmudul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Crop Income ◽  
The Impact

The impact of extension contact on crop income is examined with a view to evaluating the agricultural extension in Bangladesh. The scope of the study was ten villages of Gazipur district. The objectives of the study are to i) determine the factors influencing the benefit of extension services in terms of farm income, ii) determine the factors affecting the extension contact of farmers, and iii) suggest some policy guidelines to improve the extension services in Bangladesh. The sample of the study consists of 1000 farmers. Data came from field survey and multistage random sampling technique was used in order to collect data. The results indicated that the impact of extension contact coefficient on crop income is positive and significant. Evidence shows that the influence of extension contact coefficient is strongly positive and significant in the comparatively nearer villages to upazila headquarters, while this effect is weaker for those villages, which are comparatively away from upazila headquarters. It is found that many farmers did not receive extension contact and the effect of extension contact is weak on crop income compared to other factors such as irrigation and chemical fertilizer. It is assumed that there was enough scope to increase extension contact in the study areas. Some determinants of extension contact were also examined. The study concludes that agricultural extension is necessary to increase among the farmers. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 321-334, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15893

scholarly journals Livelihood assessment of avocado growing in western Kenya and its socioeconomic implications using agricultural extension services

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ouma George ◽  
Odhiambo G. Duncan ◽  
Musyimi David ◽  
Kwach Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Social Scientist ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Lake Victoria Basin ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Secondary Sources

Avocado (Persia americana) is an important world crop. In Kenya, it has become a very important crop but its production is limited by several factors. Studies were conducted in the Lake Victoria Basin counties of Bunyala in Busia, Kisumu, Muhoroni, Nyando and Rachuonyo in western Kenya to investigate the socioeconomic factors affecting Avocado production.  Information were collected from focus group discussions, key informants, individual interviews and secondary sources. Statistical Package for Social Scientist was used to analyze data collected interpreted and reported.  The objectives were to assess how Avocado growers in western Kenya using Agricultural extension services affects the Livelihood of farmers considering their level of education and extension services and the implication it has on their decisions making to invest in Avocado production. There was positive relationship within the participating farmers as relates their level of education, income and availability of extension services that led to high adoption of inputs, choice of rootstocks to grow the crop, varieties chosen, planting, cultural practices harvesting, storage and marketing.

scholarly journals Spatial-temporal variation of CO2 emissions from private vehicle use in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Long ◽  
Yoshikuni Yoshida ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Alexandros Gasparatos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
City Size ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Private Vehicle ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract The transport sector is a major contributor to anthropogenic climate change through the emissions of large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from fossil fuel combustion. Private vehicles account for almost half of the transport energy demand, and are thus a major target of climate change mitigation efforts. However, emissions from private vehicles can have large variability due to various geographic, demographic and socioeconomic factors. This study aims to understand how such factors affect private vehicle emissions in Japan using a nationally representative survey of household energy consumption (n=7,370) for 2017. The results indicate a large temporal and spatial variability in private vehicle emissions. Annual emissions show three peaks associated with major holiday seasons in winter and summer. Some of the more noteworthy spatial patterns are the higher emissions in prefectures characterized by low population density and mountainous terrain. Income, city size and the fuel-saving driving behavior all have a significant effect on emissions. The results indicate the need for sub-regional and socioeconomically-sensitive mitigation efforts that reflect the very different emission patterns, and the factors affecting them. The strong effect of city size, which is often much more clear-cut than between prefectures, suggests that it is more appropriate to approach transport decarbonization in Japan at the city level.

scholarly journals Evaluating farmers’ perception toward the effectiveness of agricultural extension services in Ghana and Zambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Novas Somanje ◽  
Geetha Mohan ◽  
Osamu Saito
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Access To Credit

Abstract Background In this study, we present the current situation and the role of agricultural extension services for farmers and indicates the potential solutions for the optimum effectiveness of these services. Thus, we investigate the vital determinants influencing the farmers’ attitudes toward using agricultural extension services in Ghana and Zambia. Methods In this study, we used a mixed-method research analysis of data from a household survey of 240 farmers and 8 key informant interviews in the Upper West Region of Ghana and the Southern Province of Zambia. Results The significant factors affecting the association of agricultural extension officers with farmers are regular meetings, demand for services and productivity, and the adoption rate of technology. Notably, approaches based on information communication technology indicators include owning cell phones; further, having radio access significantly affects agricultural practices. However, the role of gender, access to credit, and owning a television would influence food safety and nutrition. Conclusions Understanding the critical determinants will provide potential solutions to national agricultural research institutes, private research entities, and policymakers to scale-up the effectiveness of agricultural extension services, particularly in Ghana and Zambia.

Prediction on China's Energy Demand Based on RBF Neural Network Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 1421-1424
Author(s):  
Xue Feng ◽  
Wuyunbilige Bao ◽  
Ben Ha
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Neural Network Model ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Rbf Neural Network ◽  
Bp Network ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rbf Network ◽  
Network Prediction ◽  
Main Factors

Choose factors which influence the energy demand by the method of path analysis, build radial basis function (RBF) neural network model to predict energy demand in China. The RBF neural network is trained with the actual data of the main factors affecting energy demand during 1989-2003 and energy demand during 1993-2007 as learning sample with a good fitting effect. After testing network with the actual data of the main factors affecting energy demand during 2004-2007 and energy demand during 2008-2011, higher prediction accuracy can be obtained. By comparison with the BP network, RBF network prediction model outperforms BP network prediction model, finally RBF network is applied to make prediction of energy consumption for the year 2013-2015.

scholarly journals Screening Potential Bioenergy Production of Tree Species in Degraded and Marginal Land in the Tropics

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Borchard ◽  
Medha Bulusu ◽  
Ann-Michelle Hartwig ◽  
Matthias Ulrich ◽  
Soo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Pongamia Pinnata ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Metroxylon Sagu

Bioenergy can produce at least 25% of the global energy demand to combat climate change through reducing emissions in the energy sector. However, information on the bioenergy production potential of woody species and their suitability for silviculture on various soils in the humid tropics is limited. This review aims to identify tree species suitable for bioenergy production under these conditions. Data were compiled from 241 publications and nine freely available databases to assess environmental and silvicultural information on tropical tree species. Energy outputs were derived from the estimated productivity of the reviewed species and ranged from 0.2 to 24.0 Mg biomass ha−1 yr−1, 0.1 to 9.0 Mg bio-oil ha−1 yr−1, and 0.2 to 20.0 Mg sugar ha−1 yr−1, equivalent to an energy yield between 2 and 444 GJ ha−1 yr−1. As such, these bioenergy yields are within the range reported for the lignocellulosic biomass of energy crops cultivated in Europe, the USA, and Brazil. Our review identified some high-yielding species (e.g., Dyera polyphylla (Miq.) Steenis, Metroxylon sagu (Rottb.), Pongamia pinnata (L.)) and leguminous species that could be beneficial in mixed stands (e.g., Elaeis oleifera (Kunth) and Pongamia pinnata) or are suitable species to grow on wet or re-wetted peatland (Dyera polyphylla). However, there are limitations to cultivate woody bioenergy species on wet peatland. Sustainable methods for managing and harvesting forests, particularly on wet or re-wetted peatland, need to be developed.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Mortality in Patients Admitted to the Hospital by Emergency Physicians despite Disagreement with Other Specialties

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Engin Ozakin ◽  
Arif Alper Cevik ◽  
Filiz Baloglu Kaya ◽  
Nurdan Acar ◽  
Fikri M. Abu-Zidan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Admission Diagnosis ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Admission Decisions ◽  
Service Departments ◽  
Significant Factors

Background. Emergency physicians (EPs) face critical admission decisions, and their judgments are questioned in some developing systems. This study aims to define the factors affecting mortality in patients admitted to the hospital by EPs against in-service departments’ decision and evaluate EPs’ admission diagnosis with final discharge diagnosis. Methods. This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of ten consecutive years (2008–2017) of an emergency department of a university medical center. Adult patients (≥18 years-old) who were admitted to the hospital by EPs against in-service departments’ decision were enrolled in the study. Significant factors affecting mortality were defined by the backward logistic regression model. Results. 369 consecutive patients were studied, and 195 (52.8%) were males. The mean (SD) age was 65.5 (17.3) years. The logistic regression model showed that significant factors affecting mortality were intubation (p<0.0001), low systolic blood pressure (p=0.006), increased age (p=0.013), and having a comorbidity (p=0.024). There was no significant difference between EPs’ primary admission diagnosis and patient’s final primary diagnosis at the time of disposition from the admitted departments (McNemar–Bowker test, p=0.45). 96% of the primary admission diagnoses of EPs were correct. Conclusions. Intubation, low systolic blood pressure on presentation, increased age, and having a comorbidity increased the mortality. EPs admission diagnoses were highly correlated with the final diagnosis. EPs make difficult admission decisions with high accuracy, if needed.

scholarly journals A Study on the Multi-Agent Based Comprehensive Benefits Simulation Analysis and Synergistic Optimization Strategy of Distributed Energy in China

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Song ◽  
Mengdi Shu ◽  
Yimeng Wei ◽  
Jinpeng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Comprehensive Benefit ◽  
Grid Side

With the economic and social development of China, the continuous growth of the energy demand is the trend for now and the future. As a consequence, distributed energy, especially distributed electricity power generation, has received more and more attention. Thus, the scale and utilization level of distributed energy has been continuously improved. However, due to the limitations of current technologies, resources, policies and other issues, the comprehensive benefits and synergy levels of energy sources need to be greatly enhanced. Based on the system dynamics model, this paper examines the factors affecting the comprehensive benefits of distributed energy in China, screens the key subjects, and using the literature review method, combined with the existing literature analysis, constructs a comprehensive benefit evaluation index system and evaluates the comprehensive benefits through case analysis. This paper also sorts out the distributed energy-related Chinese government policies from 2001 to 2017, and considers the scale of distributed energy development, then divides it into two development stages. The synergetic entropy is used to analyze the synergetic development degree of the two-stage distributed energy entities. The synergistic optimization strategy is proposed from the Chinese government side, power supply side, power grid side and user side, which provides theoretical methods and optimization suggestions for improving the comprehensive benefits of distributed energy and promoting sustainable development of energy.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Waste Generation: Household Study in Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 07007
Author(s):  
H Herianto ◽  
M Maryono ◽  
Mochamad Arief Budihardjo
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Level ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Cleaning Staff ◽  
Significant Factors

Domestic waste from households is the biggest contributor to municipal waste management. Palangka Raya City is one of the cities that faces waste problems due to lack of awareness of the citizens. The culture of dumping garbage into river bodies is common for residents who live along the river banks. This study aims to determine waste generation and the factors affecting waste generation of household in the Palangka Raya City. The measurement of waste generation was carried out in accordance with the guidelines of SNI 19-3964-1994, while the variables that are suspected to influence the waste generation were collected by the questionnaire. To find out the factors affecting waste generation, data were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Based on the results of research conducted on 48 respondents obtained household waste generation in Palangka Raya City is 0.33 kg/person/day, while significant factors affecting waste generation are concern for the environment and income levels at a 95% confidence level and the number of family members at the 99% confidence level. While the recycling knowledge, education level, house size and installed electrical power did not significantly affect waste generation. With this information, it can be calculated the needs of TPS, the needs of the transport fleet, the needs of cleaning staff and plans for controlling household waste generation in the Palangka Raya City.

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