scholarly journals A Pilot Study Investigating the Role of Gender in the Intergenerational Relationships between Gene Expression, Chronic Pain, and Adverse Childhood Experiences in a Clinical Sample of Youth with Chronic Pain

Epigenomes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Jennaya Christensen ◽  
Jaimie K. Beveridge ◽  
Melinda Wang ◽  
Serena L. Orr ◽  
Melanie Noel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Saliva Sample ◽  
Intergenerational Relationships ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Epigenetic Biomarkers ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Parental Trauma

Chronic pain is a highly prevalent and costly issue that often emerges during childhood or adolescence and persists into adulthood. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase risk for several adverse health conditions, including chronic pain. Recent evidence suggests that parental trauma (ACEs, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms) confers risk of poor health outcomes in their children. Intergenerational relationships between parental trauma and child chronic pain may be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. A clinical sample of youth with chronic pain and their parents completed psychometrically sound questionnaires assessing ACEs, PTSD symptoms, and chronic pain, and provided a saliva sample. These were used to investigate the intergenerational relationships between four epigenetic biomarkers (COMT, DRD2, GR, and SERT), trauma, and chronic pain. The results indicated that the significant biomarkers were dependent upon the gender of the child, wherein parental ACEs significantly correlated with changes in DRD2 expression in female children and altered COMT expression in the parents of male children. Additionally, the nature of the ACE (maltreatment vs. household dysfunction) was associated with the specific epigenetic changes. There may be different pathways through which parental ACEs confer risk for poor outcomes for males and females, highlighting the importance of child gender in future investigations.

scholarly journals Adverse childhood experiences in parents of youth with chronic pain: prevalence and comparison with a community-based sample

PAIN Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. e866
Author(s):  
Jaimie K. Beveridge ◽  
Keith S. Dobson ◽  
Sheri Madigan ◽  
Keith O. Yeates ◽  
Amanda L. Stone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Pain Prevalence

Adverse childhood experiences predict autonomic indices of emotion dysregulation and negative emotional cue-elicited craving among female opioid-treated chronic pain patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 1101-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric L. Garland ◽  
Sarah E. Reese ◽  
Carter E. Bedford ◽  
Anne K. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Pain Patients

AbstractThrough autonomic and affective mechanisms, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may disrupt the capacity to regulate negative emotions, increasing craving and exacerbating risk for opioid use disorder (OUD) among individuals with chronic pain who are receiving long-term opioid analgesic pharmacotherapy. This study examined associations between ACEs, heart rate variability (HRV) during emotion regulation, and negative emotional cue-elicited craving among a sample of female opioid-treated chronic pain patients at risk for OUD. A sample of women (N= 36, mean age = 51.2 ± 9.5) with chronic pain receiving long-term opioid analgesic pharmacotherapy (mean morphine equivalent daily dose = 87.1 ± 106.9 mg) were recruited from primary care and pain clinics to complete a randomized task in which they viewed and reappraised negative affective stimuli while HRV and craving were assessed. Both ACEs and duration of opioid use significantly predicted blunted HRV during negative emotion regulation and increased negative emotional cue-elicited craving. Analysis of study findings from a multiple-levels-of-analysis approach suggest that exposure to childhood abuse occasions later emotion dysregulation and appetitive responding toward opioids in negative affective contexts among adult women with chronic pain, and thus this vulnerable clinical population should be assessed for OUD risk when initiating a course of extended, high-dose opioids for pain management.

scholarly journals Adverse childhood experiences, exposure to a natural disaster and posttraumatic stress disorder among survivors of the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Inoue ◽  
A. Stickley ◽  
A. Yazawa ◽  
J. Aida ◽  
I. Kawachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Older People ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Aims.To investigate whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) modify the impact of exposure to a natural disaster (the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami) on the occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among older people.Methods.Data were collected as part of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES), which is an on-going epidemiological survey investigating social determinants of health among older people across Japan. Information on PTSD symptoms based on the Screening Questionnaire for Disaster Mental Health, traumatic exposure to the earthquake (i.e., house damage and loss of relatives/friends during the earthquake/tsunami) and ACEs was obtained from 580 participants aged 65 or older living in Iwanuma City, Miyagi Prefecture, which suffered severe damage as a result of the earthquake and the subsequent tsunami in March 2011. Associations were examined using Poisson regression analysis with a robust variance estimator after adjusting for covariates.Results.The prevalence of PTSD was 9.7% in this population; compared to those with no traumatic experience, the prevalence of PTSD was approximately two times higher among those who experienced the loss of close friends/relatives (PR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.11–3.03, p = 0.018), or whose house was damaged (PR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.07–4.34, p = 0.032). ACE was not significantly associated with PTSD. Stratified analyses by the presence of ACE showed that damage due to the earthquake/tsunami was associated with PTSD only among those without ACEs; more specifically, among non-ACE respondents the PR of PTSD associated with house damage was 6.67 (95% CI = 1.66–26.80), while for the loss of a relative or a close friend it was 3.56 (95% CI = 1.18–10.75). In contrast, no statistically significant associations were observed among those with ACEs.Conclusion.Following the Great East Japan earthquake/tsunami in 2011 a higher risk of developing PTSD symptoms was observed in 2013 especially among older individuals without ACEs. This suggests that ACEs might affect how individuals respond to subsequent traumatic events later in life.

Depressive psychopathology and adverse childhood experiences in eating disorders

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Speranza ◽  
Frederic Atger ◽  
Maurice Corcos ◽  
Gwenolé Loas ◽  
Olivier Guilbaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Diagnostic Specificity ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Early Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this paper was to investigate the diagnostic specificity of the self-critical and dependent depressive experiences in a clinical sample of eating disorder patients and to explore the impact of adverse childhood experiences on these dimensions of personality.MethodA sample of 94 anorexic and 61 bulimic patients meeting DSM-IV criteria and 236 matched controls were assessed with the Depressive Experience Questionnaire (DEQ), the abridged version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the AMDP Life Events Inventory. Subjects presenting a major depression or a comorbid addictive disorder were excluded from the sample using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).ResultsAnorexic and bulimic patients showed higher scores than controls on both self-criticism and dependency sub-scales of the DEQ. Bulimic patients scored significantly higher than anorexic patients on self-criticism and reported more adverse childhood experiences. Finally, negative life events correlated only with self-criticism in the whole sample.DiscussionDifferences in the DEQ Self-Criticism between anorexics and bulimics could not be accounted for by depression since bulimic patients did not show higher BDI levels compared to anorexic patients and depressive symptoms measured with the BDI were not found to be significant predictors of diagnostic grouping in a logistic multiple regression.ConclusionThis study supports the diagnostic specificity of the dependent and self-critical depressive dimensions in eating disorders and strengthens previous research on the role of early experiences in the development of these disorders.

Reliability and validity of chronic pain scales in adults with adverse childhood experiences

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Helitzer ◽  
Cristina MurrayKrezan ◽  
David Graeber ◽  
Joanna Katzman ◽  
Daniel Duhigg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Pain Scales

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms, and Emotional Intelligence in Partner Aggression

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael M. Swopes ◽  
Daniel V. Simonet ◽  
Anna E. Jaffe ◽  
Robert P. Tett ◽  
Joanne L. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Partner Aggression ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been linked to childhood abuse, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and low emotional intelligence (EI). Relationships among adverse childhood experiences (ACE), PTSD symptoms, and partner aggression (i.e., generalized tendency to aggress toward one’s partner) were assessed in 108 male IPV offenders. It was hypothesized that ACE is positively correlated with partner aggression, PTSD mediates the ACE-aggression relationship, and the ACE-PTSD-aggression mediation varies by selected EI facets. Results indicate that ACE has an indirect effect on partner aggression via PTSD and PTSD mediates the ACE–aggression link when emotional self-regulation is low and when intuition (vs. reason) is high. Trauma-exposed IPV offenders may benefit from comprehensive treatments focusing on PTSD symptoms, emotional control, and reasoning skills to reduce aggression.

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