scholarly journals Assessment of the Lowland Bog Biomass for Ex Situ Remediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soils

Environments ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Dmitriy V. Tarabukin
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Infertile Soils

Bog petroleum-contaminated soils have been remediated ex situ in conditions close to natural ones. It was found that during the first 30 days in natural conditions, the decomposition of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) was 30 ± 5%. On the 60th and 90th days, the process of TPH decomposition was 45 ± 5% and 60 ± 5%, respectively. The effect of various stimulant supplements was negligible. For the entire observed period, bog soil showed a very high self-cleaning potential with pollution concentration of 5 g of petroleum per 100 g of soil sample. Such diagnostic indicators of soil condition as urease and cellulase activities turned out to be most sensitive in the bog soil. The introduction of mineral fertilizers to stimulate the TPH decomposition increased the activity of urease in comparison with the background soil. On the other hand, the nonionic surfactant acted as an inhibitor of microorganisms involved in nitrogen metabolism, even in the presence of mineral fertilizers. The introduction of mineral fertilizers to petroleum-polluted bog soil stimulated the cellulases activity, while surfactants suppressed them in the early stages. The simultaneous introduction of surfactants and fertilizers kept the cellulase activity at the background level. It is concluded that in the case of petroleum pollution of infertile soils, the introduction of the upper layers of the phytomass of lowland bogs by providing looseness and long-term supply of nutrients from the dying parts of the moss will accelerate the self-cleaning processes.

scholarly journals The use of vinasse as an amendment to ex-situ bioremediation of soil and groundwater contaminated with diesel oil

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Pinto Mariano ◽  
Sérgio Henrique Rezende Crivelaro ◽  
Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis ◽  
Daniel Marcos Bonotto
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Soil Bioremediation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Labile Carbon

This work investigated the possibility of using vinasse as an amendment in ex-situ bioremediation processes. Groundwater and soil samples were collected at petrol stations. The soil bioremediation was simulated in Bartha biometer flasks, used to measure the microbial CO2 production, during 48 days, where vinasse was added at a concentration of 33 mL.Kg-1of soil. Biodegradation efficiency was also measured by quantifying the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) by gas chromatography. The groundwater bioremediation was carried out in laboratory experiments simulating aerated (bioreactors) and not aerated (BOD flasks) conditions. In both the cases, the concentration of vinasse was 5 % (v/v) and different physicochemical parameters were evaluated during 20 days. Although an increase in the soil fertility and microbial population were obtained with the vinasse, it demonstrated not to be adequate to enhance the bioremediation efficiency of diesel oil contaminated soils. The addition of the vinasse in the contaminated groundwaters had negative effects on the biodegradation of the hydrocarbons, since vinasse, as a labile carbon source, was preferentially consumed.

scholarly journals Intensification of Ex Situ Bioremediation of Soils Polluted with Used Lubricant Oils: A Comparison of Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation with a Special Focus on the Type and Size of the Inoculum

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Bodor ◽  
Péter Petrovszki ◽  
Ágnes Erdeiné Kis ◽  
György Erik Vincze ◽  
Krisztián Laczi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Soil Microcosms ◽  
Colony Forming Units

Used lubricant oils (ULOs) strongly bind to soil particles and cause persistent pollution. In this study, soil microcosm experiments were conducted to model the ex situ bioremediation of a long term ULO-polluted area. Biostimulation and various inoculation levels of bioaugmentation were applied to determine the efficacy of total petrol hydrocarbon (TPH) removal. ULO-contaminated soil microcosms were monitored for microbial respiration, colony-forming units (CFUs) and TPH bioconversion. Biostimulation with inorganic nutrients was responsible for 22% of ULO removal after 40 days. Bioaugmentation using two hydrocarbon-degrader strains: Rhodococcus quingshengii KAG C and Rhodococcus erythropolis PR4 at a small inoculum size (107 CFUs g−1 soil), reduced initial TPH concentration by 24% and 29%, respectively; the application of a higher inoculum size (109 CFUs g−1 soil) led to 41% and 32% bioconversion, respectively. After 20 days, all augmented CFUs decreased to the same level as measured in the biostimulated cases, substantiating the challenge for the newly introduced hydrocarbon-degrading strains to cope with environmental stressors. Our results not only highlight that an increased number of degrader cells does not always correlate with enhanced TPH bioconversion, but they also indicate that biostimulation might be an economical solution to promote ULO biodegradation in long term contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of bioremediation process in hydrocarbon - contaminated soils

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Lilija Kalediene ◽  
Grazina Giedraityte ◽  
Rapolas Liuzinas
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Bacterial Treatment

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of introduced indigenousbacterial isolates for ex situ bioremediation of fuel oil contaminated soil. For this purposethree hydrocarbon-degrading indigenous bacterial isolates were screened from petroleumoil contaminated soil and repeatedly used for inoculation of fuel oil contaminated soil.The total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) content was determined by gravimetric method,Hydrocarbon fractions (alkanes, aromatics, asphaltenes and resins) present in TPH wereobtained by silica gel column chromatography. The study showed that some introducedbacterial isolates effectively adapted to the contaminated soil. The bioaugmentation effectwas calculated to raise the numbers of bacteria by approximately one order of magnitudefrom the indigenous population at the site. Ex situ study showed that the introducedbacterial consortium effectively adapted to the local environment of the soil at thebioremediation site.Our results indicated that disappearance of TPH from inoculated soil samples dependedon the general soil impurity, term of bacterial treatment, level of TPH contamination andindividual microorganism efficacy. With application of bacterial consortium andfertilizers, the TPH level was reduced to 60 - 66% after three months.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated with Diesel using Biopile system

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Noor Mohsen Jabbar ◽  
Estabriq Hasan Kadhim ◽  
Alaa Kareem Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Bacterial Inoculum ◽  
Amended Soil

This study was focused on biotreatment of soil which polluted by petroleum compounds (Diesel) which caused serious environmental problems. One of the most effective and promising ways to treat diesel-contaminated soil is bioremediation. It is a choice that offers the potential to destroy harmful pollutants using biological activity. The capability of mixed bacterial culture was examined to remediate the diesel-contaminated soil in bio piling system. For fast ex-situ treatment of diesel-contaminated soils, the bio pile system was selected. Two pilot scale bio piles (25 kg soil each) were constructed containing soils contaminated with approximately 2140 mg/kg total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). The amended soil: (contaminated soil with the addition of nutrients and bacterial inoculum), where the soil was mixed with 1.5% of sawdust, then supplied with the necessary nutrients and watered daily to provide conditions promoting microorganism growth. Unamended soil was prepared as a control (contaminated soil without addition).  Both systems were equipped with oxygen to provide aerobic conditions, incubated at atmospheric temperature and weekly sampling within 35 days. Overall 75% of the total petroleum hydrocarbons were removed from the amended soil and 38 % of the control soil at the end of study period. The study concluded that ex-situ experiment (Bio pile) is a preferable, economical, and environmentally friendly procedure, thus representing a good option for the treatment of soil contaminated with diesel.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated with Diesel using Biopile system

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Mohsen Jabbar ◽  
Estabriq Hasan Kadhim ◽  
Alaa Kareem Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Bacterial Inoculum ◽  
Amended Soil

This study was focused on biotreatment of soil which polluted by petroleum compounds (Diesel) which caused serious environmental problems. One of the most effective and promising ways to treat diesel-contaminated soil is bioremediation. It is a choice that offers the potential to destroy harmful pollutants using biological activity. The capability of mixed bacterial culture was examined to remediate the diesel-contaminated soil in bio piling system. For fast ex-situ treatment of diesel-contaminated soils, the bio pile system was selected. Two pilot scale bio piles (25 kg soil each) were constructed containing soils contaminated with approximately 2140 mg/kg total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). The amended soil: (contaminated soil with the addition of nutrients and bacterial inoculum), where the soil was mixed with 1.5% of sawdust, then supplied with the necessary nutrients and watered daily to provide conditions promoting microorganism growth. Unamended soil was prepared as a control (contaminated soil without addition).  Both systems were equipped with oxygen to provide aerobic conditions, incubated at atmospheric temperature and weekly sampling within 35 days. Overall 75% of the total petroleum hydrocarbons were removed from the amended soil and 38 % of the control soil at the end of study period. The study concluded that ex-situ experiment (Bio pile) is a preferable, economical, and environmentally friendly procedure, thus representing a good option for the treatment of soil contaminated with diesel.

scholarly journals Bioremediation Of Soil Of The Kola Peninsula (Murmansk Region) Contaminated With Diesel Fuel

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Maria V. Korneykova ◽  
Vladimir A. Myazin ◽  
Nadezhda V. Fokina ◽  
Alexandra A. Chaporgina
Keyword(s):  
Kola Peninsula ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Microbial Oxidation ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Microbial Associations ◽  
Penicillium Commune

This work focuses on the creation and use of associations of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms. Bioremediation of soils with the help of mixed cultural and associations of microorganisms provides wider adaptive possibilities than individual species. This is especially important in conditions of short northern summer. The results of field experiments showed that microbial associations based on indigenous microorganisms (bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. putida, P. baetica, Microbacterium paraoxydans and fungi Penicillium commune, P. canescens st. 1, P. simplicissimum st. 1) with mineral fertilizers reduced the content of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the Hortic Arthrosol soil of the Kola Peninsula by 82% over 120 days. Also, the microbial associations with mineral fertilizers had a positive effect on the physical properties of the soil, increasing its humidity. The bacterial-fungi associations changed the number, abundance and structure of the indigenous community of microorganisms. Penicillium canescens, which was included in the composition of fungi association, became dominant. During the rapid decomposition of hydrocarbons are released to the soil toxic intermediates or metabolites of the microbial oxidation of hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon oxidizing microfungi suppressed the germination of test plant seeds to one degree or another. Penicillium commune fungal metabolites inhibited seed germination only by 29% for Lepidium sativum L. and 24% for Triticum aestivum L. This species can be used for bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soils.

The effectiveness of granular chalk use for growing winter wheat on grey forest soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
M. Tkachenko ◽  
N. Borys ◽  
Ye. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Grey Forest Soil

The research aims to establish the eff ectiveness of granular chalk use produced by «Slavuta-Calcium» Ltd. under growing Poliska–90 winter wheat variety, changing the physicochemical properties of grey forest soil and the wheat productivity. It also aims to establish optimal dosis of «Slavuta-Calcium» granular chalk as the meliorant and mineral fertilizer for grey forest soil in the system of winter wheat fertilization. In the temporary fi eld studies, various doses of nutrients N60–90–120P30–45–60K60–90–120 combined with «Slavuta–Calcium» granular chalk in a dose of Ca230–460–690 kg/ha of the active substance were studied against the background of secondary plowing of rotation products – soybean biomass that averaged 2.34 t/ha. Granular chalk is a modern complex highly eff ective meliorant with the content of Ca – 37.7 and Mg – 0.2 %, the mass fraction of carbonates (CaCO3 + MgCO3) makes at least 95 %. It is characterized by a high level of solubility when interacting with moisture in soil. It has a form of white granules, the mass fraction of 4.0–6.0 mm in size granules makes not less than 90 % and the one of 1.0 mm in size makes less than 5 %. Reactivity – 97 %. The granular chalk is advisable to apply on acidic soils, as a highly concentrated calcium-magnesium fertilizer, with the former as the dominant fertilizer, to optimize the physicochemical properties of the soil, as well as the plant nutrition system, in particular, increasing the availability of an element for assimilation by plants and as long-term ameliorants. The eff ectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers, in particular acidic nitrogen on highly and medium acidic soils, after chemical reclamation is increased by 30–50 %, and slightly acidic by 15–20 %. The increase in productivity of crops from the combined eff ects of nutrients and chalk granulated is usually higher than when separately applied. The eff ectiveness of the integrated action of these elements is manifested in the growth of plant productivity and the quality of the resulting products, as well as the optimization of physical chemical properties and soil buff ering in the long term. In order to optimize the physicochemical properties of the arable layer of gray forest soil and the productive nutrition of agricultural crops, winter wheat, in particular, biogenic elements should be used in doses N60-90-120P30-45- 60K60-90-120 with granulated chalk «Slavuta-Calcium» in doses of Ca230-460-690 kg/ha of active substance. Granulated chalk obtained as a result of industrial grinding of solid sedimentary carbonate rocks of natural origin, subsequently under the infl uence of the granulation process of the starting material contains Ca and Mg carbonates of at least 95 %, dense granules which facilitates convenient mechanized application, as well as chalk suitable for accurate metered application on the quest map. Key words: granular chalk, gray forest soil, chemical reclamation, crop productivity.

TRANSFORMATION FEATURES OF THE DRAINED PEAT-PODZOL GLEY SOILS UNDER LONG-TERM AGRICULTURAL USE

1970 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
V. А. Shevchenko ◽  
A. V. Nefedov ◽  
A. V. Ilinskiy ◽  
А. Е. Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Humus Horizon ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Peat Layer ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Mineralization Processes ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Plough Layer

Long-term observations of the drained soil of peat-podzolic-gley light loam on ancient alluvial sands state on the example of the meliorative object "Tinky-2" showed that under the influence of agricultural use in the soil, the organic matter mineralization processes are accelerated. During the drainage process, the soil evolutionarily suffered the following changes: the peat layer was compacted, humified and mineralized, which was a reason of the transformation them into the humus horizon. Based on the monitoring studies results it was established that during 21 intensive use years the peat layer thickness was decreased by 74.5% and amounted to 5.51 inch, which in the following 20 years was decreased to a layer of 1.18 inch, and for another 14 years it became a homogeneous humus horizon containing difficulty identifiable plant remains. For half a century, the bulk density increased by 6 times and the total moisture capacity of the soil decreased by 3.6 times. Other indicators were changed significantly. So, the ash content by 2016 increased from 11.2% to 52.7%. It was a reason of the plough-layer decreasing and it mixes with the mineral sand horizon during plowing. It should also be noted that the total nitrogen content in the soil decreased by 1.13%, and total carbon by 15.3% from 1982 to 2016. The dynamics of changes in the soil acidity, phosphorus and potassium content is associated with the introduction of calcareous, organic and mineral fertilizers in the 1980s. The unsystematic exploitation of such soils leads to decrease in the agricultural products productivity and increase in energy costs. When planning these soils usage in agricultural production, it is necessary to develop and implement modern melioration technologies and techniques aimed to increase soil fertility.

Effects of Long Term Application of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on Soil Enzymes

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2608-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Dora Samuel ◽  
Simona Bungau ◽  
Delia Mirela Tit ◽  
Carmen Elena Melinte (Frunzulica) ◽  
Lavinia Purza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers

Long term productivity and conservation of soils is critical for sustaining agricultural ecosystems. The specific objective of the work reported was to determine the effects of long term application of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil enzyme activity as an index of soil biology and biochemistry. Three key soil enzymes involved in intracellular metabolism of microorganisms and two soil enzymes involved in phosphorus metabolism were selected. Actual and potential dehydrogenase, catalase, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were determined in the 0-20 cm layer of an eroded soil submitted to a complex fertilization experiment. Results showed that addition of mineral fertilizers to organic (green manure and farmyard manure) fertilizers led to a significant increase in each activity because of increased plant biomass production which upon incorporation stimulates soil biological activity. The enzymatic indicators of soil quality calculated from the values of enzymatic activities depending on the kind of fertilizers showed that by the determination of enzymatic activities valuable information can be obtained regarding fertility status of soils. A weak positive correlation between enzymatic indicators of soil quality and maize yield was established. The yield data demonstrate the superiority of farmyard manure which provided greater stability in crop production. Substantial improvement in soil biological activity due to application of organic fertilizers with mineral fertilizers contribute in maintaining the productivity and soil health.

scholarly journals Effects of disk tillage on soil condition, crop yield and weed infestation

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
M. Birkás ◽  
T. Szalai ◽  
C. Gyuricza ◽  
M. Gecse ◽  
K. Bordás
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Levels

This research was instigated by the fact that during the last decade annually repeated shallow disk tillage on the same field became frequent practice in Hungary. In order to study the changes of soil condition associated with disk tillage and to assess it is consequences, long-term tillage field experiments with different levels of nutrients were set up in 1991 (A) and in 1994 (B) on Chromic Luvisol at Gödöllö. The effects of disk tillage (D) and disk tillage combined with loosening (LD) on soil condition, on yield of maize and winter wheat, and on weed infestation were examined. The evaluation of soil condition measured by cone index and bulk density indicated that use of disking annually resulted in a dense soil layer below the disking depth (diskpan-compaction). It was found, that soil condition deteriorated by diskpan-compaction decreased the yield of maize significantly by 20 and 42% (w/w), and that of wheat by 13 and 15% (w/w) when compared to soils with no diskpan-compaction. Averaged over seven years, and three fertilizer levels, the cover % of the total, grass and perennial weeds on loosened soils were 73, 69 and 65% of soils contained diskpan-compaction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document