scholarly journals Phytostabilization of Zn and Cd in Mine Soil Using Corn in Combination with Biochars and Manure-Based Compost

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert C. Sigua ◽  
Jeff M. Novak ◽  
Don W. Watts ◽  
Jim A. Ippolito ◽  
Thomas F. Ducey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mine Soil ◽  
Mine Spoils ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Waste Rocks ◽  
Corn Plants

Mining activities could produce a large volume of spoils, waste rocks, and tailings, which are usually deposited at the surface and become a source of metal pollution. Phytostabilization of the mine spoils could limit the spread of these heavy metals. Phytostabilization can be enhanced by using soil amendments such as manure-based biochars capable of immobilizing metal(loid)s when combined with plant species that are tolerant of high levels of contaminants while simultaneously improving properties of mine soils. However, the use of manure-based biochars and other organic amendments for mine spoil remediation are still unclear. In this greenhouse study, we evaluated the interactive effect of biochar additions (BA) with or without the manure-based compost (MBC) on the shoots biomass (SBY), roots biomass (RBY), uptake, and bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Zn and Cd in corn (Zea mays L.) grown in mine soil. Biochar additions consisting of beef cattle manure (BCM); poultry litter (PL); and lodge pole pine (LPP) were applied at 0, 2.5, and 5.0% (w/w) in combination with different rates (0, 2.5, and 5.0%, w/w) of MBC, respectively. Shoots and roots uptake of Cd and Zn were significantly affected by BA, MBC, and the interaction of BA and MBC. Corn plants that received 2.5% PL and 2.5% BCM had the greatest Cd and Zn shoot uptake, respectively. Corn plants with 5% BCM had the greatest Cd and Zn root uptake. When averaged across BA, the greatest BCF for Cd in the shoot of 92.3 was from the application of BCM and the least BCF was from the application of PL (72.8). Our results suggest that the incorporation of biochar enhanced phytostabilization of Cd and Zn with concentrations of water-soluble Cd and Zn lowest in soils amended with manure-based biochars while improving the biomass productivity of corn. Overall, the phytostabilization technique and biochar additions have the potential to be combined in the remediation of heavy metals polluted soils.

scholarly journals Phytostabilization of Zn and Cd in Mine Soil Using Corn in Combination with Manure-Based Biochar and Compost

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Sigua ◽  
Jeff Novak ◽  
Don Watts ◽  
Jim Ippolito ◽  
Thomas Ducey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Mine Soil ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Corn Plants

Mining activities could produce a large volume of spoils, waste rocks, and tailings, which are usually deposited at the surface and become sources of metal pollution. Phytostabilization of the mine spoils could limit the spread of these heavy metals. Phytostabilization can be enhanced by using soil amendments like manure-based biochar capable of immobilizing metal(loid)s when combined with plant species that are tolerant of high levels of contaminants while simultaneously improving properties of mine soils. However, the use of manure-based biochar and other organic amendments for mine spoil remediation are still unclear. In this greenhouse study, we evaluated the interactive effect of biochar application and compost on shoots biomass yield (SBY), roots biomass yield (RBY), uptake, and bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Zn and Cd in corn (Zea mays L.) grown in mine soil. Biochar sources (BS) consisted of beef cattle manure (BCM); poultry litter (PL); and lodge pole pine (LPP) were applied at 0, 2.5, and 5.0% (w/w) in combination with different rates (0, 2.5, and 5.0%, w/w) of cattle manure compost (CMC), respectively. Shoots and roots uptake of Cd and Zn were significantly affected by BS, CMC, and the interaction of BS and CMC. Corn plants that received 2.5% PL and 2.5% BCM had the greatest Cd and Zn shoot uptake, respectively. Corn plants with 5% BCM had the greatest Cd and Zn root uptake. When averaged across BS, the greatest BCF for Cd in the shoot of 92.3 was from the application BCM and the least BCF was from the application of PL (72.8). Our results suggest that incorporation of biochar enhanced phytostabilization of Cd and Zn with concentrations of water-soluble Cd and Zn lowest in soils amended with both manure-based biochars while improving biomass productivity of corn. Overall, phytostabilization technique and biochar application have the potential to be combined in the remediation of heavy metals polluted soils.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effect of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and Organic Amendments Combination on Maize Plants Growth and Physiology Under Chromium Toxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abubakar ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Zulfiqar Ahmad ◽  
Sardar Alam Cheema ◽  
Ali Sultan Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Maize Plants

Inoculation of bacteria increase the growth of maize by facilitating the nutrients uptake and improving the immunity of plants and ability against pathogens, harmful substances such as heavy metals and other diseases. Likewise, organic amendments also increase the growth of plants by providing ample amount of readily available nutrients and improving soil physical conditions and ameliorating heavy metals toxicity. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the interactive effect of bacteria and organic amendments on Cr uptake and growth of maize irrigated with tannery effluent. Biochar and processed animal manure were applied at the rate of 1% (w/w). The experiment was conducted as Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. During the experiment various growth, physiological and biochemical parameters were measured by using standard procedures. Combination of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and low pH animal manure increased the plant height by 72%, chlorophyll content by 56%, water use efficiency by 68%, electrolyte leakage decreased by 51%, transpiration rate increased by 45%, RWC 57%, stomatal conductance 62%, photosynthetic rate 57% whereas Cr decreased the shoot growth by 45% over their control treatment. Overall the bacterial species evaluated in this study along with biochar and animal manure imparted heavy metal tolerance to maize plants evidenced by improved growth and physiology.

Effect of organic amendments on the decontamination potential of heavy metals by Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus in soil contaminated with spent engine oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-484
Author(s):  
Adeniyi Adeleye ◽  
Mohammed B. Yerima ◽  
Michael E. Nkereuwem ◽  
Victor O. Onokebhagbe ◽  
Peter G. Shiaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Spent Engine Oil

scholarly journals Quanti-Qualitative Response of Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cycla) to Soil Amendment with Biochar-Compost Mixtures

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Angela Libutti ◽  
Anna Rita Rivelli
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Total N ◽  
Qualitative Response ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Two Factors

In recent years, soil addition with organic amendments, such as biochar and compost, has gained attention as an effective agronomic practice to sustain soil fertility, enhance plant growth and crop yield. Well known are the positive effects of compost on yield of a wide crop varieties, while both positive and negative responses are reported for biochar Therefore, the aim of the study was to verify the effect of biochar mixed with three types of compost on quanti-qualitative response of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. cycla), a leafy green vegetable rich in dietary antioxidants, largely consumed worldwide. A factorial experiment in pots with two factors, including biochar (without biochar and with biochar from vine pruning residues) and compost (without compost, with compost from olive pomace, with vermicompost from cattle manure, and with compost from cattle anaerobic digestate), was setup. Two growth cycles were considered, and a set of quantitative (height of plants, number, area and fresh weight of leaves) and qualitative parameters (carotenoids, chlorophyll, total N, and NO3−content of leaves) were analyzed. Biochar decreased plant growth and NO3− leaf content; on the contrary, it increased total N leaf content, while compost improved all the considered parameters. The interactive effect of biochar and compost was evident only on total N and NO3− leaf content. In our experimental conditions, the compost showed to be the best option to improve Swiss chard growth and increase the content of phytopigments, while the biochar-compost mixtures did not produce the expected effect.

scholarly journals Adsorption of heavy metals by road deposited solids

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 2622-2629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandima Gunawardana ◽  
Ashantha Goonetilleke ◽  
Prasanna Egodawatta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Trivalent Cation ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
High Charge Density ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Exchangeable Form

The research study discussed in the paper investigated the adsorption/desorption behaviour of heavy metals commonly deposited on urban road surfaces, namely, Zn, Cu, Cr and Pb, for different particle size ranges of solids. The study outcomes, based on field studies and batch experiments, confirmed that road deposited solids particles contain a significantly high amount of vacant charge sites with the potential to adsorb additional heavy metals. Kinetic studies and adsorption experiments indicated that Cr is the most preferred metal element to associate with solids due to the relatively high electronegativity and high charge density of trivalent cation (Cr3+). However, the relatively low availability of Cr in the urban road environment could influence this behaviour. Comparing total adsorbed metals present in solids particles, it was found that Zn has the highest capacity for adsorption to solids. Desorption experiments confirmed that a low concentration of Cu, Cr and Pb in solids was present in water-soluble and exchangeable form, whilst a significant fraction of adsorbed Zn has a high likelihood of being released back into solution. Among heavy metals, Zn is considered to be the most commonly available metal among road surface pollutants.

scholarly journals The Role of the Humic Substances in the Fractioning of Heavy Metals in Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, Rio de Janeiro - Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1289-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
ESTEFAN M. DA FONSECA ◽  
JOSE A. BAPTISTA NETO ◽  
JOHN MCALISTER ◽  
BERNARD SMITH ◽  
MARCOS A. FERNANDEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Metal Partitioning ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Soluble Phase ◽  
The City ◽  
South Zone

One of the main results of the processes related to urbanization is the contamination of the adjacent water bodies. Inserted in this context, the Rodrigo de Freitas lagoon is situated in the south zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro. This ecosystem receives several inputs containing all sorts of pollutants, including heavy metals. The present work aimed to study the partitioning of heavy metals in the sediments of Rodrigo de Freitas and the influence of organic matter in this fractionation dynamic. The results of these analyses presented the contents of organic matter as an important metal-capturing agent. Fractionation of organic matter resulted in a predominance of humine. Heavy metal partitioning showed that the metals bound by the water-soluble phase have no significant concentrations. Special features such as, reducing sediment, high levels of organic matter and fine grain size have transformed this ecosystem in an effective deposit of pollutants, where heavy metals are not available in easily reactive fractions.

scholarly journals Immobilization Potential of Cow Manure for Heavy Metal Remediation from Refuse Dump Soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Ezeudu Emeka Christian ◽  
Oli Christian Chukwuemeka ◽  
. Enenche ◽  
Elaigwu Daniel ◽  
Anekwe Ozioma Juliana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Industrial Chemistry ◽  
Refuse Dump ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Mobility Factor ◽  
Heavy Metal Remediation

Aims: The present study investigated the effect of cow manure amendment on fractionation and availability of some heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Mn, Pb and Zn) in refuse dump soil. Study Design: A greenhouse study experiment was conducted to determine the uptake of the metals by Ricinus communis in dump soil treated with 0%, 5%, 10% and 20% cow manure. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria, between May and October 2018. Methodology: Experimental pots were filled with 2.0kg refuse dump soil in a green house and treated with 5%, 10% and 20% of Cow manure in three replicates per treatment. The seeds of Ricinus communis were planted in each pot and analysed after 12 weeks of planting for heavy metals using AAS. Sequential extraction was carried out on the treated soil after the harvest with each extract further analysed for heavy metals using AAS. Results: Application of cow manure significantly (p ˂ 0.05) affected the redistribution and the mobility of the heavy metals in the dump soil; as the concentration of the amendment increased, heavy metals in the mobile fractions reduced. 20% amendment had the best immobilization effect as the mobility factor decreased with increasing manure amendment. The mobility factors at 20% amendment were 18.34%, 15.82%, 5.23%, 15.86%, 25.56% and 12.81% for Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn respectively with the general trend of metal forms given as: residual > bound to organic > bound to Fe-Mn oxide > bound to carbonate > exchangeable. Conclusion: Cow manure amendment of the dump soil decreased the availability of heavy metals for plant uptake; and the metal uptake generally decreased as percentage amendment increased. Cow manure is therefore a good immobilizing agent for remediation of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in polluted soils.

Water-soluble mercury induced by organic amendments affected microbial community assemblage in mercury-polluted paddy soil

Chemosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 124405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hualing Hu ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Guoxi Wang ◽  
Marios Drosos ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Community Assemblage

Heavy metals removal from wastewaters of phosphoric acid production: a comparison of hybrid liquid membrane (HLM) and aqueous hybrid liquid membrane (AHLM) technologies

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kislik ◽  
A. Eyal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Membrane Resistance ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Separation System ◽  
Membrane Systems ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Cyanex 302

Selective removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA) was studied, using the two liquid membrane systems: Hybrid Liquid Membrane (HLM) and Aqueous Hybrid Liquid Membrane (AHLM). Monothiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 302) in kerosene (for the HLM) and Polyvinylsulfonic acid (PVSA) aqueous solution (for the AHLM) were used as a liquid membrane (LM), separated from the feed and strip streams by neutral or cation-exchange membranes. On application of the HLM separation system, the permeation from the feed to the strip phase followed the selectivity sequence: Zn >> Cd > Cu with all types of membranes used. Results show that the selective separation of Cd and Zn from the WPA may be achieved by the HLM with cation-exchange membranes, using a single set-up installation at continuous processing. Copper is accumulated in the Cyanex 302, poisoning the carrier. So, this carrier and HCl as a strip solution can not be recommended for the HLM processing of WPA. Using the AHLM separation system, heavy metals such as cadmium and copper, were successfully recovered from the WPA: average fluxes (in mol/m2sec) to the strip phase were 3.7 × 10-7 and 6.7 × 10-7. Satisfactory dynamic selectivity to copper (≈16) was found. The transfer of iron and zinc species to the strip phase was below detection levels during the 144 hrs of the AHLM experiment. Contamination of the feed and strip solutions by PVSA was not observed during the 500 hrs of processing. The membranes were completely regenerable and used repeatedly. In comparison with the HLM and other liquid membrane systems, the AHLM can potentially provide many operational, economic and environmental advantages, some of them being higher transport rates, low carrier losses and low contamination of the feed and strip solutions by water-soluble polymers, long membrane lifetime, ambient temperature, low energy requirements and chemical consumption, no special requirements for membrane resistance in organic solvents, and fewer limitations on the variability of membrane pore sizes, etc.

Impact of heavy metals on water, fish (Cyprinus carpio) and sediments from a water tank at Tumkur, India

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sreedhara Nayaka ◽  
S. Ramakrishna ◽  
Jayaprakash ◽  
M. Delvi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Soil Sediment ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
Tank System

Impact of heavy metals on water, fish (This study was carried out to assess the concentrations of various heavy metals and their distribution in a hyper-eutrophic urban Tumkur tank system, which is being polluted from industrial, domestic and sewage effluents. Samples of water, fish and soil sediment were analyzed for the concentration of seven heavy metals (iron, zinc, copper, nickel, chromium, lead and cadmium) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The water-soluble (bioavailable) fractions of heavy metals correlated positively with their total concentration, exhibiting the following sequence of bioavailability: Zn > Cd > Ni > Pb > Cu > Cr > Fe.

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