scholarly journals Spatial Variation and Distribution of Urban Energy Consumptions from Cities in China

Energies ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixiao Zhang ◽  
Zhifeng Yang ◽  
Jing Liang ◽  
Yanpeng Cai
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
Energy Consumptions

scholarly journals Urban energy consumptions: its determinants and future research

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Papa ◽  
C. Gargiulo ◽  
F. Zucaro ◽  
G. Angiello ◽  
G. Carpentieri
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
Energy Consumptions

From biorefineries to bioproducts: conversion of pretreated pulp from biorefining streams to lignocellulose nanofibers

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-241
Author(s):  
CHENGGUI SUN ◽  
RICHARD CHANDRA ◽  
YAMAN BOLUK
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Rheological Behavior ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Softwood Pulp ◽  
Energy Consumptions ◽  
Hardwood Pulp ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Lignocellulose Nanofibers

This study investigates the use of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis side streams and conversion to lignocellulose nanofibers. We used a steam-exploded and partial enzymatic hydrolyzed hardwood pulp and an organosolv pretreated softwood pulp to prepare lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNF) via microfluidization. The energies applied on fibrillation were estimated to examine the energy consumption levels of LCNF production. The energy consumptions of the fibrillation processes of the hardwood LCNF production and the softwood LCNF production were about 7040-14080 kWh/ton and 4640 kWh/ton on a dry material basis, respectively. The morphology and dimension of developed hardwood and softwood LCNFs and the stability and rheological behavior of their suspensions were investigated and are discussed.

Digital representation of spatial variation of multivariate landscape data

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Altobelli ◽  
E. Bressan ◽  
E. Feoli ◽  
P. Ganis ◽  
F. Martini
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Digital Representation

Function of coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae, Hydrophilidae) in cattle pastures inferred from pitfall trapping data

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Šlachta ◽  
Jan Frelich ◽  
Tomáš Tonka
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Nested Anova ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Dung Decomposition

Function of coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae, Hydrophilidae) in cattle pastures inferred from pitfall trapping dataAn analysis of data on the dry weight biomass of coprophagous beetles in standardized dung (4.5 l) was conducted in order to characterize the spatial and the seasonal distribution of the beetles' biomass in cattle pastures and to elucidate their function in dung decomposition. Nested Anova with factors of farm, site (nested in farm), seasonal period and year was used to evaluate the effect of these factors on the biomass of four functional species groups: the dung dwellers ofScarabaeidae(subfamilyAphodiinae), the dung dwellers ofHydrophilidae, the small tunnellers ofScarabaeidae(subfamilyCoprinae) and the large tunnellers ofGeotrupidae. The spatial variation of biomass (between the sites and the farms) was insignificant (P>0.05) in the two dung-dweller groups and in the large-tunnellers group. On the other hand, a significant (P<0.05) seasonal variation of biomass was found in all but the large tunneller group. In dung dwellers, the spring biomass was formed mainly by two species,Aphodius prodromusandA. sphacelatus. In summer, most of the biomass was accounted for bySphaeridium lunatum, S. scarabaeoidesandA. rufipes. In the two tunneller groups,Onthophagus fracticornis, Geotrupes stercorariusandG. spinigerformed a majority of the biomass in dung.

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