scholarly journals One-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Numerical Investigations of Thermal Performance of Phase Change Materials in a Lithium-Ion Battery

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8386
Author(s):  
Van-Tinh Huynh ◽  
Kyoungsik Chang ◽  
Sang-Wook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Practical Applications

The thermal performance of a large-format (52.3 Ah) Li-ion pouch battery with an n-octadecane PCM was investigated. A simplified 1D model was employed to estimate the transient thermal behavior. Two design parameters, the thickness and the thermal conductivity of the PCM, were considered. A 0.5 mm thick n-octadecane PCM integrated with aluminum foam reduced the battery temperature to 34.3 °C and 50.7 °C at the end stage of discharging under 3C and 5C discharge rates, respectively. The 1D results compared to the 3D results were able to predict the temperature dissipation by the PCM method at the end of discharging. The 1D approach clearly produced reliable results in predicting the thermal behavior of the PCM cooling and was superior in practical applications with its low cost and time consumption. A 3D CFD simulation was able to describe the detailed temperature uniformity in the cell, which is an important factor in the design and evaluation of a battery cooling system.

Computer Prediction of Local Destratification Near Low-Level Release Structures of Reservoirs

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Busnaina ◽  
D. G. Lilley
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Solution Procedure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Computer Prediction ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Dimensional Simulation

The Garton Pump consists of a low-energy axial flow propeller placed just below the surface so as to provide a downward directed jet of fluid and thereby locally mix reservoirs near the release structure of the dam. In this way high-quality epilimnion water is transported downwards, so obtaining local destratification and improved release water quality in the vicinity of low-level release structures. The flowfield is fully three-dimensional and a simplified numerical simulation and solution procedure has been formulated in Cartesian coordinates to include species diffusion and buoyancy forces. Comparison of predictions with experimenal data confirms that the main dynamic effects are modeled adequately and better than a previous two-dimensional simulation. This fundamental study with practical applications represents a low cost basic tool to show the influence of design parameters on the practical flowfield.

scholarly journals Thermal Behavior ofTacca leontopetaloidesStarch-Based Biopolymer

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar ◽  
Miradatul Najwa Muhd Rodhi ◽  
Mohibah Musa ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermal Testing ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Roll Mill

Starch is used whenever there is a need for natural elastic properties combined with low cost of production. However, the hydrophilic properties in structural starch will decrease the thermal performance of formulated starch polymer. Therefore, the effect of glycerol, palm olein, and crude palm oil (CPO), as plasticizers, on the thermal behavior ofTacca leontopetaloidesstarch incorporated with natural rubber in biopolymer production was investigated in this paper. Four different formulations were performed and represented by TPE1, TPE2, TPE3, and TPE4. The compositions were produced by using two-roll mill compounding. The sheets obtained were cut into small sizes prior to thermal testing. The addition of glycerol shows higher enthalpy of diffusion in which made the material easily can be degraded, leaving to an amount of 6.6% of residue. Blending of CPO with starch (TPE3) had a higher thermal resistance towards high temperature up to 310°C and the thermal behavior of TPE2 only gave a moderate performance compared with other TPEs.

Adaptive Geometry Representation of Turbine Vane Frames for Use in Optimization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian F. Riebl ◽  
Christian Wakelam ◽  
Reinhard Niehuis
Keyword(s):  
Design Space ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Turbine Vane ◽  
Integrated Concept

Abstract Turbine Vane Frames (TVF) are a way to realize more compact jet engine designs. Located between the high pressure turbine (HPT) and the low pressure turbine (LPT), they fulfill structural and aerodynamic tasks. When used as an integrated concept with splitters located between the structural load-bearing vanes, the TVF configuration contains more than one type of airfoil with sometimes pronouncedly different properties. This system of multidisciplinary demands and mixed blading poses an interesting opportunity for optimization. Within the scope of the present work, a full geometric parameterization of a TVF with splitters is presented. The parameterization is chosen as to minimize the number of parameters required to automatically and flexibly represent all blade types involved in a TVF row in all three dimensions. Typical blade design parameters are linked to the fourth order Bézier-curve controlled camber line-thickness parameterization. Based on conventional design rules, a procedure is presented, which sets the parameters within their permissible ranges according to the imposed constraints, using a proprietary developed code. The presented workflow relies on subsequent three dimensional geometry generation by transfer of the proposed parameter set to a commercially available CAD package. The interdependencies of parameters are discussed and their respective significance for the adjustment process is detailed. Furthermore, the capability of the chosen parameterization and adjustment process to rebuild an exemplary reference TVF geometry is demonstrated. The results are verified by comparing not only geometrical profile data, but also validated CFD simulation results between the rebuilt and original geometries. Measures taken to ensure the robustness of the method are highlighted and evaluated by exploring extremes in the permissible design space. Finally, the embedding of the proposed method within the framework of an automated, gradient free numerical optimization is discussed. Herein, implications of the proposed method on response surface modeling in combination with the optimization method are highlighted. The method promises to be an option for improvement of optimization efficiency in gradient free optimization of interdependent blade geometries, by a-priori excluding unsuitable blade combinations, yet keeping restrictions to the design space as limited as possible.

Thermal Management of Air-Cooling Lithium-Ion Battery Pack

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 118201
Author(s):  
Jianglong Du ◽  
Haolan Tao ◽  
Yuxin Chen ◽  
Xiaodong Yuan ◽  
Cheng Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Battery Packs

Lithium-ion battery packs are made by many batteries, and the difficulty in heat transfer can cause many safety issues. It is important to evaluate thermal performance of a battery pack in designing process. Here, a multiscale method combining a pseudo-two-dimensional model of individual battery and three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics is employed to describe heat generation and transfer in a battery pack. The effect of battery arrangement on the thermal performance of battery packs is investigated. We discuss the air-cooling effect of the pack with four battery arrangements which include one square arrangement, one stagger arrangement and two trapezoid arrangements. In addition, the air-cooling strategy is studied by observing temperature distribution of the battery pack. It is found that the square arrangement is the structure with the best air-cooling effect, and the cooling effect is best when the cold air inlet is at the top of the battery pack. We hope that this work can provide theoretical guidance for thermal management of lithium-ion battery packs.

Converting micro-sized kerf-loss silicon waste to high-performance hollow-structured silicon/carbon composite anodes for lithium-ion batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 4780-4788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Jiakang Qu ◽  
Xiang Chen ◽  
Zhuqing Zhao ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Lithium Storage ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Storage Performance ◽  
Silicon Carbon ◽  
Composite Anodes

Low-cost feedstocks and rationally designed structures are the keys to determining the lithium-storage performance and practical applications of Si-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).

Porous CoC2O4/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for Advanced Potassium-Ion Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 3610-3615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifeng Wang ◽  
Kaiyuan Wei ◽  
Pengjun Zhang ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Xiujun Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Ion Storage ◽  
Cheap Method ◽  
Excellent Cycling Stability

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), as one of the alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), have attracted considerable attention on account of the affluence and low-cost of potassium. Moreover, CoC2O4 and graphene oxide (GO) have been used very well in lithium-ion batteries. Hence, the hybrid CoC2O4/GO was investigated as a new anode material for PIBs. The hybrid CoC2O4/GO was synthesized by a facile and cheap method combined with supersonic dispersion. Electrochemical measurements reveal that the hybrid CoC2O4/GO delivered an excellent cycling stability of 166 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 and a superior rate capability even at 1 A g−1. These results demonstrate although the cycle ability was insufficient for practical applications, transition-metal oxalates composites can still bring new hope to the development of PIBs.

Transient CFD Visualization of Fossil Fuel Combustion Simulations

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Dotson ◽  
Kent Eshenberg ◽  
Chris Guenther ◽  
Thomas O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Projection System ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
High Level ◽  
Wall System

The design of high-efficiency lower-emission coal-fed power plants is facilitated by the extensive use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. This paper describes work conducted at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) and Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC) to provide an environment for the immersive three-dimensional visualization of CFD simulation results. A low-cost high-resolution projection system has been developed in the visualization lab at NETL. This multi-wall system consists of four projection screens, three of which are tiled into four quadrants. The graphics for the multi-wall system are rendered using a cluster of eight personal computers. A high-level visualization interface named Mavis has also been developed to combine the powerful 3D modules of OpenDX with methods developed at NETL for studying multiphase CFD data. With Python, a completely new OpenDX user interface was built that extends and simplifies the features of a basic graphics library.

scholarly journals Microdroplet-guided intercalation and deterministic delamination towards intelligent rolling origami

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Borui Xu ◽  
Xinyuan Zhang ◽  
Ziao Tian ◽  
Di Han ◽  
Xingce Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Van Der Waals Interaction ◽  
Creative Design ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Vapor Sensing ◽  
Fundamental Research

Abstract Three-dimensional microstructures fabricated by origami, including folding, rolling and buckling, gain great interests in mechanics, optics and electronics. We propose a general strategy on on-demand and spontaneous rolling origami for artificial microstructures aiming at massive and intelligent production. Deposited nanomembranes are rolled-up in great amount triggered by the intercalation of tiny droplet, taking advantage of a creative design of van der Waals interaction with substrate. The rolling of nanomembranes delaminated by liquid permits a wide choice in materials as well as precise manipulation in rolling direction by controlling the motion of microdroplet, resulting in intelligent construction of rolling microstructures with designable geometries. Moreover, this liquid-triggered delamination phenomenon and constructed microstructures are demonstrated in the applications among vapor sensing, microresonators, micromotors, and microactuators. This investigation offers a simple, massive, low-cost, versatile and designable construction of rolling microstructures for fundamental research and practical applications.

scholarly journals Compressive Sensing Based Three-Dimensional Imaging Method with Electro-Optic Modulation for Nonscanning Laser Radar

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Yulong An ◽  
Yanmei Zhang ◽  
Haichao Guo ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Sensing ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Electro Optic

Low-cost Laser Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is crucial to three-dimensional (3D) imaging in applications such as remote sensing, target detection, and machine vision. In conventional nonscanning time-of-flight (TOF) LiDAR, the intensity map is obtained by a detector array and the depth map is measured in the time domain which requires costly sensors and short laser pulses. To overcome such limitations, this paper presents a nonscanning 3D laser imaging method that combines compressive sensing (CS) techniques and electro-optic modulation. In this novel scheme, electro-optic modulation is applied to map the range information into the intensity of echo pulses symmetrically and the measurements of pattern projection with symmetrical structure are received by the low bandwidth detector. The 3D imaging can be extracted from two gain modulated images that are recovered by solving underdetermined inverse problems. An integrated regularization model is proposed for the recovery problems and the minimization functional model is solved by a proposed algorithm applying the alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) technique. The simulation results on various subrates for 3D imaging indicate that our proposed method is feasible and achieves performance improvement over conventional methods in systems with hardware limitations. This novel method will be highly valuable for practical applications with advantages of low cost and flexible structure at wavelengths beyond visible spectrum.

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