scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Impacts of Human Capital and Physical Capital on Building Sustainable Economies at Different Stages of Economic Development

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6259
Author(s):  
Xiaohao Ding ◽  
Yifan Huang ◽  
Wenjuan Gao ◽  
Weifang Min
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Quantile Regression Model ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Green Gdp ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stages Of Economic Development

This study investigated the contributions of human capital and physical capital to economies at different stages by measuring the economic development with the traditional GDP and green GDP. The traditional GDP stood for the quantity of economic growth, and the green GDP, taking both the energy consumption and environmental pollution into account, was employed to represent the sustainability of economic development. We used a panel data of 143 countries and regions during the period from 1990 to 2014, and results showed that the elasticities of output with respect to human capital were greater compared to physical capital, while green GDP was significantly more sensitive to changes in human capital than the traditional GDP. In particular, considering the unbalanced distribution of economic growth among countries and regions, we employed the quantile regression model to explore the heterogeneous roles of physical and human capital in different stages of economic development, which evidenced not only the significance but also the stability of human capital. As national economic levels grew, countries became less dependent on physical capital, yet human capital maintained its outstanding role at different stages of economic development, particularly for the building of more sustainable economies.

EFFECTS OF LIFELONG EDUCATION AND RELATED FACTORS ON THE COMPETITIVENESS OF COUNTRIES

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aija SANNIKOVA ◽  
Aina DOBELE ◽  
Madara DOBELE
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Lifelong Education ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Stages Of Economic Development

Modern knowledge becomes a strategic endowment of the country and its key resource for economic growth, giving individuals opportunities to become active employers or increasing their opportunities to become professionals being demanded in the labour market. For these reasons, the development of lifelong education is a significant tool for economic growth in Latvia. Correlation and linear regression analyses showed that lifelong education made the strongest and most positive effects on a country’s competitiveness at two stages of economic development: at the innovation-driven stage and during a country’s transition to it from the efficiency-driven stage (the case of Latvia). Calculations were preformed based on the data for 2008 and 2013, and the results were similar, which indicated the stability of this global causal relationship. So the authors conclude that a country’s stage of economic development plays a crucial role in the extent the factor of lifelong education can affect the country’s global competitiveness. In the countries being at lower stages of economic development, even well-developed lifelong education is not objectively capable of increasing their competiveness as effectively as it takes place, for example, at the innovation-driven stage. Proving a causal relationship – the capability of lifelong education to increase a country’s competitiveness is determined by the existing economic background and rules of game, which are different at different stages of economic development – based on research of the economic aspects of lifelong education may be regarded as the key gain of the present research.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Unemployment of Higher Educated Manpower in Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Ghasem Sameei
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Growth Economic

The importance and value of educated manpower (human capital) has become an important issue in economic development of countries throughout the world. In fact, effective use of physical capital itself is dependent upon human capital. Through a survey study, the present paper aimed at investigating the causes of unemployment of higher educated manpower (HEM) in Iran. The results of the study indicated that administrative, educational, economical and socio-cultural factors respectively have an influential effect on unemployment of HEM. The study has offered some implications to policy makers.Keywords: Higher educated manpower, Human capital, Economic growth, Economic development

scholarly journals Interrelationship between Human Capital Structure and Investment in Human Capital

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (513) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
N. M. Benko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Main Element ◽  
System Component ◽  
Theoretical Ground ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Human Labor ◽  
Component Approach

Empirical researches prove a relationship between investment in human capital and economic growth, but assessing human capital itself, as well as the effectiveness of relevant investments, presents a practical problem. The article is aimed at specifying scientific approaches to generalization of investment objects, components and schemes of human capital formation for the development of a modern theoretical ground for the development of investment in the human capital of the country’s economy. To achieve this aim, the article sets a task of research on types of capital, their content characteristics, structure of human capital, investments in human capital for the needs of management of the national economic system. Important for human capital research is that investments in human capital ensure the growth of the value of human labor, and this is the most important factor in the transformation of the economy, modernization of economic institutions. By this provision is stated that economic growth is not only achieved through technology transfer, investment in physical capital and accumulation of knowledge, but also depends on human capital, including improving people’s health, reducing crime, providing appropriate social climate and institutions, as well as education. Thus, under such conditions, economic development should be considered not only as an increase in economic growth, but also as an investment in human capital ? in the components of its structure. A system-component approach is substantiated, which, unlike the existing one, defines the composition of the structure of human capital and types of investments in human capital, strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of investing in human capital as the main element of productive forces.

Study on Dynamic Relationship between Economic Growth and Energy Consumption in Chongqing - Based on 1980-2011 Data

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 4319-4324
Author(s):  
Sheng Wang ◽  
Chun Yan Dai ◽  
En Chuang Wang ◽  
Chun Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship

Analyzed the dynamic interaction characteristics of Chongqing Economic growth and energy consumption between 1980-2011 based on vector auto regression model, impulse response function. The results showed that: 1 Between the Chongqing's economic growth and energy consumption exist the positive long-term stable equilibrium relationship, Chongqing's economic development depending on energy consumption is too high, to keep the economy in Chongqing's rapid economic development, energy relatively insufficient supply sustainable development must rely on the energy market, which will restrict the development of Chongqing's economy. 2At this stage, Chongqing continuing emphasis on optimizing the industrial structure to improve energy efficiency at the same time, the key is to establish and improve the energy consumption intensity and total energy demand "dual control" under the security system, weakening the energy bottleneck effect on economic growth.

scholarly journals A Discrete Heterogeneous-Group Economic Growth Model with Endogenous Leisure Time

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Wei-Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Economic Growth Model ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Main Engine

This paper proposes a one-sector multigroup growth model with endogenous labor supply in discrete time. Proposing an alternative approach to behavior of households, we examine the dynamics of wealth and income distribution in a competitive economy with capital accumulation as the main engine of economic growth. We show how human capital levels, preferences, and labor force of heterogeneous households determine the national economic growth, wealth, and income distribution and time allocation of the groups. By simulation we demonstrate, for instance, that in the three-group economy when the rich group's human capital is improved, all the groups will economically benefit, and the leisure times of all the groups are reduced but when any other group's human capital is improved, the group will economically benefit, the other two groups economically lose, and the leisure times of all the groups are increased.

scholarly journals Research on strategic emerging industries boosting high quality economic

2021 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
He Jiang ◽  
Yonghui Cao
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Emerging Industries ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Countermeasures And Suggestions ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

With the development of knowledge economy and the advancement of economic globalization, strategic emerging industries have become the leading industries for a country or region to achieve sustainable economic growth in the future. They are the high integration of emerging technologies and emerging industries, and the driving force of national economic growth. They play an important guiding and decisive role in the national economic growth and the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure. In recent years, China’s strategic emerging industries continue to grow rapidly, and have made remarkable achievements in innovation and development, which play an important role in the national economic growth and the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure, but there are also shortcomings. Based on the current situation of the development of strategic emerging industries, this paper analyzes the role of strategic emerging industries in economic development, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for strategic emerging industries to boost high-quality economic development.

scholarly journals Influence of Tourism on Economic Development in Asian Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Wen-Chuan FU ◽  
◽  
Chia-Jui PENG ◽  
Tzu-Yi YANG ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rate Fluctuation ◽  
National Economic ◽  
International Entry ◽  
The Relationship

Although the tourism industry has recorded the lowest pollution, it significantly contributes to the global economy. Therefore, many countries have spent great efforts in promoting their tourism industry to support their entire economic development. This article considers factors related to the relationship between national economic growth and international entry tourism for 11 Asian countries to investigate the existence of the cross-sectional difference between these countries. Results show that exchange rate fluctuation is an alternative factor affecting economic growth risk, and common slope exists between countries. Moreover, international entry tourist headcount and income show differential slope in some countries, implying that these factors affect the economies of different Asian countries differently.

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