scholarly journals Organic-Inorganic Novel Green Cation Exchange Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4686
Author(s):  
Marwa H. Gouda ◽  
Tamer M. Tamer ◽  
Abdelaziz H. Konsowa ◽  
Hassan A. Farag ◽  
Mohamed S. Mohy Eldin
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Zirconium Phosphate ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells

Commercializing direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) demands cost-effective cation exchange membranes. Herein, a polymeric blend is prepared from low-cost and eco-friendly polymers (i.e., iota carrageenan (IC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)). Zirconium phosphate (ZrPO4) was prepared from the impregnation–calcination method and characterized by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX map), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), then incorporated as a bonding and doping agent into the polymer blend with different concentrations. The new fabricated membranes were characterized by SEM, FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and XRD. The results revealed that the membranes’ physicochemical properties (oxidative stability, tensile strength) are enhanced with increasing doping addition, and they realized higher results than Nafion 117 because of increasing numbers of hydrogen bonds fabricated between the polymers and zirconium phosphate. Additionally, the methanol permeability was decreased in the membranes with increasing zirconium phosphate content. The optimum membrane with IC/SPVA/ZrPO4-7.5 provided higher selectivity than Nafion 117. Therefore, it can be an effective cation exchange membrane for DMFCs applications.

Pt and Ru X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of PtRu Anode Catalysts in Operating Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (20) ◽  
pp. 9932-9938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Stoupin ◽  
Eun-Hyuk Chung ◽  
Soma Chattopadhyay ◽  
Carlo U. Segre ◽  
Eugene S. Smotkin
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Anode Catalysts ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
X Ray Absorption

Sulfonated Polyphosphazene-Montmorillonite Hybrid Composite Membranes for Fuel Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 744-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Lan He ◽  
Chang Jin Zhu ◽  
Chao Jun Jing
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Hybrid Membranes ◽  
Organic Montmorillonite ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Water Swelling

A series of sulfonated polyphosphazene-organic montmorillonite hybrid membranes for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) were prepared. The structure and characteristics of the obtained membranes were studied by testing their X-ray diffraction (XRD), water uptake, water swelling ratio, proton conductivity, thermal properties, methanol permeability and mechanical properties. The morphological analysis of the composite membranes indicated that the organic montmorillonite was uniformly distributed throughout the polymer matrix. Compared to the native sulfonated polyphosphazene membranes, the hybrid membranes showed better mechanical properties and selectivity for proton ions over methanol. The selectivity indicates that polyphosphazene-montmorillonite membranes may be promising electrolyte candidate for direct methanol fuel cells.

Low-cost polyaniline coated carbonized materials as support for Pt-based electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1892-1899
Author(s):  
Naziermu Dongmulati ◽  
Xieraili Maimaitiyiming
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Toilet Paper ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) technology has achieved commercial pre-feasibility, but its high cost and insufficient durability are the main obstacles to its full utilization. It has been determined that the problem of durability and high-cost has hindered the development of the carbon carrier used for Pt catalyst. Therefore, there is a great need to find low-cost and robust alternative support. In this paper, different carbonized materials were studied as supports for Pt-based electrocatalysts. Low-cost materials (lab-gown, toilet paper and filter paper) are carbonized with high temperature and modified by polyaniline to provide sufficient surface modification to improve Pt deposition on these supports. After comparison, it was found that carbonized lab-gown has better electrocatalytic performance than single-walled carbon nanotubes, carbonized toilet paper, and filter paper. The results provides an effective basis for replacing high cost and preparation of cumbersome carbon nanotubes with low cost and durable support materials.

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