scholarly journals Environmental Impact Evaluation of Current Municipal Solid Waste Treatments in India Using Life Cycle Assessment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3133
Author(s):  
Venkata Ravi Sankar Cheela ◽  
Michele John ◽  
Wahidul K. Biswas ◽  
Brajesh Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Gas Recovery

An environmental life cycle assessment was conducted to compare proposed municipal solid waste treatment systems with the existing system in Visakhapatnam, India. Five waste alternative treatment systems, including open dumping of municipal solid waste (S1), landfill without gas recovery [LFWGR] (S2), landfill with gas recovery (S3), anaerobic digestion + LFWGR (S4), and incineration + LFWGR (S5). EASETECH™ was considered for assessment using ReCiPE Midpoint (Heuristic) world environmental impact assessment method. Global warming potential (GWP), terrestrial acidification (TA), freshwater eutrophication (FEW), marine water eutrophication (ME), human toxicity (HTP), terrestrial ecotoxicity (TE), freshwater ecotoxicity (FWT), and marine ecotoxicity (MET) impacts were determined for each option. The existing MSW disposal practice in Visakhapatnam city (baseline scenario, S1) has the highest GWP (1107 kg CO2 eq), which can potentially be reduced to 68.2%, 81.5%, 98.2%, and 94.5% by alternative waste management scenarios S2, S3, S4 and S5, respectively. Scenario S4, involving the use of anaerobic digestion of food waste and residues dumped in engineered landfill without energy recovery was found to be the option with the highest mitigation potential of most of the impacts, and it contributes to significant environmental benefits in terms of ecological footprints in a low-income country such as India. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to confirm the reasonable legitimacy of data used for the determination of the impacts.

Application of life cycle assessment for municipal solid waste management options in Hohhot, People’s Republic of China

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2095970
Author(s):  
Meichun Liu ◽  
Zhengze Tan ◽  
Xuechun Fan ◽  
Yuzhi Chang ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Republic Of China

With increasing population and urbanization levels in the People’s Republic of China, environmental problems related to the management of municipal solid waste (MSW) are inevitable. This study aimed to determine the environmental impact of the current MSW management system in Hohhot City and to establish an optimum future strategy for it by applying life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. Four scenarios were compared using the CML-IA impact characterization method, which took into account their potential contribution to global warming, ozone depletion, human toxicity, photochemical ozone creation, acidification, and eutrophication potentials. The system boundaries included the collection and recycling, transfer and transportation of MSW, and its disposal by incineration, landfilling, and carbon dioxide (CO2) capture methods. The results showed that the scenario involving landfill and incineration in a ratio of 1:5 was the optimal waste management option; however, increasing the proportion of waste incinerated led to a significant increase in global warming potential. Additional technologies are thus required to overcome this problem, and it was found that the use of CO2 capture technology resulted in a 30% reduction in the total environmental impact potential. This study’s results indicate that LCA is a valuable and practical tool to support decision-making that can be used to suggest problematic areas in current waste management strategies and to determine an optimal alternative to the solid waste management option.

scholarly journals Evaluation of municipal solid waste management system of Quito - Ecuador through life cycle assessment approach.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e45206
Author(s):  
Cristhian David Chicaiza Ortiz ◽  
Vanessa Pamela Navarrete Villa ◽  
Christian Orlando Camacho López ◽  
Ángel Fabián Chicaiza Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Msw Management

In Latin America and the Caribbean, the suitable processing of waste through the use of landfills is around 55%, while the local governments with municipal solid waste (MSW) management plans are around 20%. In Quito, for instance, approximately 2000 ton/day of solid waste are collected, and disposed in El Inga Landfill. The objective of this study is evaluating the MSW management of Quito through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. For achieving this goal, the ISO 14040 methodology was followed and SimaPro 8.4 was used as analysis software. The functional unit used is 1 ton of MSW, while, the material of study was the waste generated in households, commercial sector, schools and markets; whose values were obtained by the public companies EMASEO-EP, EMGIRS-EP, as well as from the open-access data of the city. The results show that using of biogas from the landfill allows the maximum saving of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Therefore, the biogas plant is the process with less environmental impact. The compaction and transportation of MSW displayed a slightly higher impact comparing with the previous process, presenting the second-best environmental performance. On the other hand, the leachate treatment shows the greatest environmental impact according to the model, despite of the effluents does not exceed the permissible limits of the environmental Ecuadorian legislation. The researchers consider suitable the analysis of composting and anaerobic digestion techniques as complementary options to reduce this environmental impact, due to the high organic fraction in the analyzed waste

Environmental impact assessment of organic fraction of municipal solid waste treatment by anaerobic digestion in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110134
Author(s):  
Rasangika Thathsaranee Weligama Thuppahige ◽  
Sandhya Babel
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Ozone Formation ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Management Options

The management of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) has continued to be a significant challenge in Sri Lanka. Anaerobic digestion is one of the management options of OFMSW. However, it generates unavoidable environmental impacts that should be addressed. The present study focuses to assess the environmental impact of a full-scale anaerobic digestion plant in Sri Lanka from a life cycle perspective. The inventory data were obtained from direct interviews and field measurements. Environmental burdens were found to be in terms of global warming potential (230 kg CO2 eq) ozone formation on human health (6.15 × 10−6 kg NO x eq), freshwater eutrophication (2.92 × 10−3 kg P eq), freshwater ecotoxicity (9.27 × 10−5 kg 1,4 DCB eq), human carcinogenic toxicity (3.98 × 10−4 kg 1,4 DCB eq), land use (1.32 × 10−4 m2 a crop eq) and water consumption (2.23 × 10−2 m3). The stratospheric ozone depletion, fine particulate matter formation, ozone formation on terrestrial ecosystems, terrestrial acidification, marine eutrophication, ecotoxicity (terrestrial and marine), human non-carcinogenic toxicity, mineral resource scarcity and fossil resource scarcity, were avoided due to electricity production. Results show that the direct gaseous emissions and digestate generation should be addressed in order to reduce the burdens from the anaerobic digestion plant. Finally, the results of the study could help in policy formation and decision-making in selecting future waste management systems in Sri Lanka.

Sensitivity analysis and improvements of the recycling rate in municipal solid waste life cycle assessment: Focus on a Latin American developing context

2021 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Navarro Ferronato ◽  
Luca Moresco ◽  
Gabriela Edith Guisbert Lizarazu ◽  
Marcelo Antonio Gorritty Portillo ◽  
Fabio Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Recycling Rate
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