scholarly journals Toward a Self-Powered Vibration Sensor: The Signal Processing Strategy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 754
Author(s):  
Bruno Andò ◽  
Salvatore Baglio ◽  
Adi R. Bulsara ◽  
Vincenzo Marletta
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Vibration Sensor ◽  
Root Mean Square Amplitude ◽  
Deterministic Component ◽  
Autonomous Sensor ◽  
Sinusoidal Input ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
First Time

This paper, for the first time, investigates the possibility of exploiting a nonlinear bistable snap-through buckling structure employing piezoelectric transducers, to implement an autonomous sensor of mechanical vibrations, with an embedded energy harvesting functionality. The device is operated in the presence of noisy vibrations superimposed on a subthreshold deterministic (sinusoidal) input signal. While the capability of the device to harvest a significant amount of energy has been demonstrated in previous works, here, we focus on the signal processing methodology aimed to extract from the sensor output the information about the noise level (in terms of the standard deviation) and the root mean square amplitude of the deterministic component. The developed methodology, supported by experimental evidence, removes the contribution to the overall piezoelectric output voltage ascribable to the deterministic component using a thresholding and windowing algorithm. The contribution to the output voltage due to the noise can be used to unambiguously estimate the noise level. Moreover, an analytical model to estimate, from the measurement of the output voltage, the RMS amplitude of the deterministic input and the noise-related component is proposed.

A groove engineered ultralow frequency piezomems energy harvester with ultrahigh output voltage

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (20) ◽  
pp. 1850208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoheir Kordrostami ◽  
Sajjad Roohizadegan
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Sensor ◽  
Ultralow Frequency ◽  
Piezoelectric Layers ◽  
Optimization Parameters ◽  
First Time ◽  
Maximum Voltage

In this paper, for the first time, a new design for a MEMS cantilever-based energy harvester (EH) has been proposed which takes advantage of two engineered piezoelectric layers. The output voltage of the EH has been increased by the aid of making grooves in the piezoelectric layers. By application of the grooves in the piezoelectric layers, the sensitivity of the cantilever as the vibration sensor or the EH has been improved. Results have shown that these grooves can increase the output voltage and decrease the resonance frequency which are desired changes in designing EHs. The single and double groove bimorph cantilevers have been compared and discussed. The position, length and depth of the grooves have been used as optimization parameters and consequently an optimal design has been proposed at the end of the paper. In the optimal design the top and the bottom piezoelectric layers have not covered the entire beam and have different lengths to produce maximum voltage. By means of groove engineering, we could rise the voltage from 5.395 V to 28.35 V which is considered a great improvement compared to other structures reported previously.

scholarly journals A Self-Powered and Highly Accurate Vibration Sensor Based on Bouncing-Ball Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Intelligent Ship Machinery Monitoring

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Taili Du ◽  
Xusheng Zuo ◽  
Fangyang Dong ◽  
Shunqi Li ◽  
Anaeli Elibariki Mtui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Copper Electrode ◽  
Vibration Sensor ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Vibration Exciter ◽  
Bouncing Ball ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Self Powered

With the development of intelligent ship, types of advanced sensors are in great demand for monitoring the work conditions of ship machinery. In the present work, a self-powered and highly accurate vibration sensor based on bouncing-ball triboelectric nanogenerator (BB-TENG) is proposed and investigated. The BB-TENG sensor consists of two copper electrode layers and one 3D-printed frame filled with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) balls. When the sensor is installed on a vibration exciter, the PTFE balls will continuously bounce between the two electrodes, generating a periodically fluctuating electrical signals whose frequency can be easily measured through fast Fourier transform. Experiments have demonstrated that the BB-TENG sensor has a high signal-to-noise ratio of 34.5 dB with mean error less than 0.05% at the vibration frequency of 10 Hz to 50 Hz which covers the most vibration range of the machinery on ship. In addition, the BB-TENG can power 30 LEDs and a temperature sensor by converting vibration energy into electricity. Therefore, the BB-TENG sensor can be utilized as a self-powered and highly accurate vibration sensor for condition monitoring of intelligent ship machinery.

Experimental Study of Thermoelectric Generators

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ubaidillah ◽  
Suyitno ◽  
Imam Ali ◽  
Eko Prasetya Budiana ◽  
Wibawa Endra Juwana
Keyword(s):  
Output Voltage ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Thermoelectric Generators ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Computer Data ◽  
Standard Module ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Resistive Loads ◽  
The Relationship

Thermoelectric generator is solid-state device which convert temperature difference, ∆T into electrical energy based on Seebeck effect phenomenon. The device has been widely used in self-powered system applications. This paper focuses on presentation of methodology for characterizing thermoelectric generators. The measurement of its behavior is performed by varying load resistances. A standard module of thermoelectric generator (TEC1-12710) is used in examination and an instrument setup consists of controllable heat source, controllable cooler, personal computer, data logger MCC DAQ USB-1208LS equipped with two sets of K-type thermocouples. The experiment is performed by measuring output voltage and output current in 4 values of temperature gradient by applying 10 values of resistive loads connected to the thermoelectric output wires. The common parameters studied in this research are output voltage, current and power. Generally, the relationship between parameters agrees with the basic theory and the procedure can be adopted for characterizing other type of thermoelectric generator.

scholarly journals Low-Offset In-Plane Sensitive Hall Arrangement

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Siya Lozanova ◽  
Ivan Kolev ◽  
Avgust Ivanov ◽  
Chavdar Roumenin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Temperature Drift ◽  
Low Offset ◽  
First Time ◽  
Single Configuration ◽  
Hall Elements

A novel in-plane sensitive Hall arrangement consisting of two identical n-Si three-contact (3C) elements and realized in a common technological process, is presented. In the solution, the minimization of the offset and its temperature drift is achieved by cross-coupling of the outer device contacts. This terminals’ connection provides equalizing currents between the two substrates which strongly compensate the inevitable difference in the electrical conditions in the two parts of the arrangement. As a result, the residual offset of both integrated Hall elements at the output Vout(0) and its temperature drift are strongly minimized. The residual offset is about 160 times smaller than the single-configuration one. The obtained output voltage-to-residual offset ratio at sensitivity of SRI ≈ 98 V/AT is very promising, reaching 6 × 103 at temperature T = 40 °C and induction 1 T. As a result, increased metrological accuracy for numerous applications is achieved. For a first time through the novel arrangement a suppression of sensitivity in the presence of external magnetic field could be achieved in order to obtain permanent offset information. This is one of the key results in the Hall device investigation.

scholarly journals A Two-Degree-of-Freedom Cantilever-Based Vibration Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Low-Frequency and Broadband Operation

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Tang ◽  
Fang Cheng ◽  
Xin Hu ◽  
Bo Huang ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Voltage ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Harvesting Technique ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Operating Bandwidth ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Two Degree Of Freedom

With the continual increasing application requirements of broadband vibration energy harvesters (VEHs), many attempts have been made to broaden the bandwidth. As compared to adopted only a single approach, integration of multi-approaches can further widen the operating bandwidth. Here, a novel two-degree-of-freedom cantilever-based vibration triboelectric nanogenerator is proposed to obtain high operating bandwidth by integrating multimodal harvesting technique and inherent nonlinearity broadening behavior due to vibration contact between triboelectric surfaces. A wide operating bandwidth of 32.9 Hz is observed even at a low acceleration of 0.6 g. Meanwhile, the peak output voltage is 18.8 V at the primary resonant frequency of 23 Hz and 1 g, while the output voltage is 14.9 V at the secondary frequency of 75 Hz and 2.5 g. Under the frequencies of these two modes at 1 g, maximum peak power of 43.08 μW and 12.5 μW are achieved, respectively. Additionally, the fabricated device shows good stability, reaching and maintaining its voltage at 8 V when tested on a vacuum compression pump. The experimental results demonstrate the device has the ability to harvest energy from a wide range of low-frequency (<100 Hz) vibrations and has broad application prospects in self-powered electronic devices and systems.

Detection of Impact Location for Composite Stiffened Panel Using FBG Sensors

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 895-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Oh Park ◽  
Byeong Wook Jang ◽  
Yeon Gwan Lee ◽  
Yoon Young Kim ◽  
Chun Gon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Composite Plate ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Stiffened Panel ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Fbg Sensor ◽  
Composite Stiffened Panel ◽  
Fbg Sensors ◽  
The Impact

We carried out experiments to detect impact locations on a composite plate using two types of composite plates, a composite flat plate with a constant thickness of 5 mm and a composite stiffened panel with stringers. Four multiplexed FBG sensors were attached to the bottom surface of the composite plates to acquire impact signals. The FBG sensor wavelength shift data were collected at a sampling frequency of 40 kHz using a high-speed FBG interrogator (SFI-710, Fiberpro Inc., Korea). The arrival times of the impact signals at each FBG sensor were obtained using a signal processing procedure. The arrival times were affected by noise level and signal-to-noise ratio. In order to overcome this weakness, signal processing techniques such as wavelet decomposition, normalization using each noise level and filtering with a moving average were adopted. To calculate the impact locations of the composite plate, a neural network algorithm was applied.

Electromagnetic based acoustic energy harvester for low power wireless autonomous sensor applications

Sensor Review ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izhar ◽  
Farid Ullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Helmholtz Resonator ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Flexible Membrane ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Real Environment ◽  
Autonomous Sensor ◽  
First Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel electromagnetic-based acoustic energy harvester (EH) for the application of wireless autonomous sensors. Design/methodology/approach The developed acoustic EH comprises a Helmholtz resonator (HR), a suspension system that consists of a flexible membrane and a permanent magnet, a couple of coils and a coil holder. Furthermore, the HR, used in the harvester, is designed for a specific resonant frequency based on simulation carried out in COMSOL Multiphysics®. Findings The developed harvester is tested both in lab under harmonic sound pressure levels (SPLs) and in real environment under random SPLs. In lab, when exposed to 100 dB SPL, the harvester generated a peak power of 212 µW. Furthermore, in real environment in vicinity of electric generator, the harvester produced an output voltage of about 110 mV collectively from its both coils. Originality/value In this paper, a novel geometric configuration for electromagnetic-based acoustic EH is proposed. In the developed harvester, two coils are placed in it to achieve enhanced electrical output from it for the first time.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of Macro Fiber Composite-Magnet Energy Harvester for Self-Powered Active Magnetic Bearing Rotor Vibration Sensor

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Mystkowski ◽  
Vytautas Ostasevicius
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Magnetic Bearing ◽  
Active Magnetic Bearing ◽  
Vibration Sensor ◽  
Fiber Optic Sensor ◽  
Rotor Vibration ◽  
Macro Fiber Composite ◽  
Self Powered

The paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of an energy harvester for an active magnetic bearing (AMB) rotor vibration using a macro fiber composite (MFC) with magnetic coupling. The MFC cantilevers configuration, together with neodymium magnets, is used for the contact-free rotor radial vibration self-powered sensor. The permanent magnets attached to the rotor and to the four MFC element beams ensure the mechanical energy transfer and the MFC cantilever vibration excitation. In the proposed prototype, the MFC transducer output voltage depends on the air-gap between two magnets. This paper investigates the optimum conditions to harvest as much as possible electric energy at different clearances and rotational speeds. Furthermore, to assess the rotor vibration sensitivity, the experimental results of the MFC-magnet self-powered sensor are compared with measurements obtained using a fiber optic sensor. The maximal obtained harvesting power equals 673.47 µW for the rotor speed of 3150 rpm. Moreover, the MFC cantilever was proposed as the rotor vibration sensor. The MFC-magnet self-powered vibration sensor output was compared with the fiber optic laser sensor. The mismatched vibration amplitude for both sensors does not exceed 1 µm.

A New Method for Partial Discharge Signal Processing

2014 ◽  
Vol 1070-1072 ◽  
pp. 1163-1166
Author(s):  
Hui Qi Li ◽  
Kai Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Measurement Theory ◽  
Partial Discharge ◽  
Dynamic Measurement ◽  
Ar Model ◽  
Random Component ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Deterministic Component ◽  
True Value ◽  
Signal Processing Method

A partial discharge (PD) signal processing method based on dynamic measurement theory and wavelet transform is proposed in this paper. The deterministic component was separated by polynomial fitting, and the random component of the remaining residual after the separation was estimated using autoregressive (AR) model; The true value estimate and dynamic measurement uncertainty of noisy signal were obtained by the deterministic component and random component;Db8 wavelet and the soft threshold based on Stein’s Unbiased Estimate of Risk were used to smoothly denoise for better PD signal processing. Finally, the effectiveness of the method was verified by MATLAB simulation and experimental noisy PD signal extraction.

scholarly journals A NIR light-triggered pyroelectric-dominated generator based on a liquid crystal elastomer composite actuator for photoelectric conversion and self-powered sensing

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (71) ◽  
pp. 40856-40865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanyuan Wei ◽  
Jingjing Gao ◽  
Jingfeng Yang ◽  
Jie Wei ◽  
Jinbao Guo
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Photoelectric Conversion ◽  
Liquid Crystal Elastomer ◽  
Nir Light ◽  
Composite Actuator ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
First Time

A NIR light-driven pyroelectric-dominated generator based on a photomechanical liquid crystal elastomer composite actuator have been developed for the first time.

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