scholarly journals Robust Scheduling for Pumping in a Water Distribution System under the Uncertainty of Activating Regulation Reserves

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Shintaro Negishi ◽  
Takashi Ikegami
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Robust Scheduling ◽  
Water Pumps ◽  
Demand Control

A new robust scheduling method for pumping water in a water distribution system under the uncertainty of activating regulation reserves is proposed in this paper. During the operation of power systems, utilizing the energy equipment of the customer to enhance supply-demand control is attracting attention. Because water pumps have been already installed, they can be regarded as a relatively inexpensive, operational, and flexible resource. Changes in the operation of the water pump can contribute to the power supply and demand control. The proposed method helps generate a robust daily schedule for pumping water and provides regulation reserves under the uncertainty of activating regulation reserves. It is based on electric energy prices and regulation reserves, hourly water demand profiles, and the properties of water flow quantity and the electricity consumption of water pumps. This method comprises an optimization model formulated using mixed integer linear programming, validated through simulations of water pumping scheduling under certain scenarios. The results indicate that the net operational cost decreased when water pumps provided regulation reserves; further, the operational feasibility of providing these reserves from water pumps is clarified. The proposed model makes it possible to optimize power system operation that integrates the water supply system.

scholarly journals Energy savings using biofuel in a developing-country water distribution system

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1554-1563
Author(s):  
Alexandra Archer ◽  
Brian D. Barkdoll
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Water System ◽  
Simple Algorithm ◽  
The People ◽  
Mechanical Press ◽  
Water Pumps ◽  
Energy Dependent

Abstract The practical energy minimization algorithm (EMA) is introduced here to determine if a water distribution system (WDS) can be less energy dependent. The EMA is a simple algorithm that can be used by practitioners in the planning and management of WDS. The EMA employs the Jatropha Curcas (JC) tree as a source of oil for fueling water pumps. The EMA is demonstrated on a WDS in Senegal, West Africa, and calculates the level of JC production required to be self-sufficient in fueling the water system to meet drinking, sanitation, and JC irrigation requirements. It was found that the EMA successfully showed that the demonstration WDS can be energy self-sufficient to provide recommended amounts of drinking water for the people and enough irrigation for the JC trees, but only if greywater was used to supplement the irrigation and if a mechanical press was used in lieu of a hand press to extract the oil from the JC leaves. An adequate amount of oil was thus produced to power the required mechanical press as well. Payback periods of significantly less than the life of the required equipment indicate the viability of JC oil as fuel and the feasibility of having an energy independent WDS.

scholarly journals Near-optimal scheduling of device activation in water distribution systems to reduce the impact of a contamination event

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Alvisi ◽  
M. Franchini ◽  
M. Gavanelli ◽  
M. Nonato
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Optimal Scheduling ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Flow Control Devices ◽  
The Impact

This paper proposes an innovative procedure for identifying, in the event of accidental or intentional contamination of a water distribution system, the optimal scheduling of activation of a pre-selected set of flow control devices which will serve to minimise the volume of contaminated water consumed by users after the detection of the contaminant in the system. The constraints are represented by the number of available response teams and the maximum speed at which these teams can travel along the roadway. The optimal scheduling of device activation is sought by means of an optimisation process based on a genetic algorithm (GA) which interacts with a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) solver in order to ensure the feasibility of the scheduling identified. The optimisation procedure is coupled to a hydraulic and quality simulator, which enables a calculation of the volumes of contaminated water consumed by users, and a dynamic cache memory, which, by storing information on the system's behaviour as the optimisation process progresses, serves to limit the computational times. The application of the procedure to a highly complex real water distribution system shows that the optimisation process is robust and efficacious and produces a smaller volume of contaminated water consumed by the users than when the activation of all the devices was completed in the shortest amount of time.

Assessment of Lisbon drinking water distribution network biofilm colonization and associated hazards

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-426
Author(s):  
J. Menaia ◽  
M. Benoliel ◽  
A. Lopes ◽  
C. Neto ◽  
E. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Water Pipe ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
And Storage

Concerns arise from the possible occurrence of pathogens in drinking water pipe biofilms and storage tank sediments. In these studies, biofilm samples from pipes and sediments from storage tanks of the Lisbon drinking water distribution system were analyzed. Protein determinations and heterotrophic counts on pipe biofilm samples were used to assess the Lisbon network sessile colonization intensity and distribution. Indicator and pathogenic microorganisms were analyzed in pipe biofilm samples, as well as in storage tanks biofilm and sediments, by using cultural methods and PCR, to assess risks. Results have shown that the Lisbon network sessile colonization is relatively weak in intensity. In addition, no meaningful hazards were apparent for both the network biofilm and the storage tanks biofilm and sediments.

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