Thermodynamic Modeling and Performance Analysis of a Combined Power Generation System Based on HT-PEMFC and ORC

Recently, the need for energy-saving and eco-friendly energy systems is increasing as problems such as rapid climate change and air pollution are getting more serious. While research on a power generation system using hydrogen energy-based fuel cells, which rarely generates harmful substances unlike fossil fuels, is being done, a power generation system that combines fuel cells and Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is being recognized. In the case of High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (HT-PEMFC) with an operating temperature of approximately 150 to 200 °C, the importance of a thermal management system increases. It also produces the waste heat energy at a relatively high temperature, so it can be used as a heat source for ORC system. In order to achieve this outcome, waste heat must be used on a limited scale within a certain range of the temperature of the stack coolant. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize the waste heat of ORC system reflecting the stack thermal management and to establish and predict an appropriate operating range. By constructing an analytical model of a combined power generation system of HT-PEMFC and ORC systems, this study compares the stack load and power generation performance and efficiency of the system by operating temperature. In the integrated lumped thermal capacity model, the effects of stack operating temperature and current density, which are important factors affecting the performance change of HT-PEMFC and ORC combined cycle power generation, were compared according to operating conditions. In the comparison of the change in power and waste heat generation of the HT-PEMFC stack, it was shown that the rate of change in power and waste heat generation by the stack operating temperature was clearly changed according to the current density. In the case of the ORC system, changes in the thermal efficiency of the ORC system according to the operating temperature of the stack and the environmental temperature (cooling temperature) of the object to which this system is applied were characteristic. This study is expected to contribute to the establishment of an optimal operation strategy and efficient system configuration according to the subjects of the HT-PEMFC and ORC combined power generation system in the future.