scholarly journals Cooling Panel with Integrated PCM Layer: A Verified Simulation Study

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5715
Author(s):  
Renars Millers ◽  
Aleksandrs Korjakins ◽  
Arturs Lešinskis ◽  
Anatolijs Borodinecs
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Free Cooling

The focus of this research paper is to develop a verified simulation model for a cooling panel with integrated phase-change materials (PCMs)—a stainless steel panel filled with PCM and integrated hydronic piping circuit. This solution is targeted for passive cooling of residential buildings in Baltic Sea region that experience overheating for most of the year due to highly insulated building envelopes and extensive glazing—a phenomena for nearly zero energy buildings (NZEBs). This approach aims to maintain comfortable indoor temperature all year round by passive means—free-cooling, adiabatic (evaporative) cooling or limited mechanical cooling. The simulations are performed with IDA ICE 4.8 and the measurements for simulation model verification are collected from a test chamber. The results show that reasonable agreement can be reached for simulated and experimentally measured data.

scholarly journals PLUG-N-HARVEST Architecture for Secure and Intelligent Management of Near-Zero Energy Buildings

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Marin-Perez ◽  
Iakovos Michailidis ◽  
Dan Garcia-Carrillo ◽  
Christos Korkas ◽  
Elias Kosmatopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Secure Protocols ◽  
Intelligent Management ◽  
Security By Design

Building Automation (BA) is key to encourage the growth of more sustainable cities and smart homes. However, current BA systems are not able to manage new constructions based on Adaptable/Dynamic Building Envelopes (ADBE) achieving near-zero energy-efficiency. The ADBE buildings integrate Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Envelope Retrofitting (ER) that must be managed by new BA systems based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) through secure protocols. This paper presents the PLUG-N-HARVEST architecture based on cloud AI systems and security-by-design IoT networks to manage near-zero ADBE constructions in both residential and commercial buildings. To demonstrate the PLUG-N-HARVEST architecture, three different real-world pilots have been considered in Germany, Greece and Spain. The paper describes the Spain pilot of residential buildings including the deployment of IoT wireless networks (i.e., sensors and actuators) based on Zwave technology to enable plug-and-play installations. The real-world tests showed the high efficiency of security-by-design Internet communications between building equipment and cloud management systems. Moreover, the results of cloud intelligent management demonstrate the improvements in both energy consumption and comfort conditions.

scholarly journals A simple method for validating a simulation model of a radiant ceiling panel with thermal energy storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012119
Author(s):  
Andres Gallardo ◽  
Umberto Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Simple Method

Abstract This paper focuses on validating a simulation model of a radiant ceiling panel (RCP) incorporating phase change materials (PCM) for heating and cooling applications in buildings. The development of an RCP with thermal energy storage capacity aims to encourage high thermal mass radiant systems in existing buildings to replace the traditional all-air HVAC system. First, a heat flow meter (HFM) is used to perform enthalpy measurements at a product scale (macro-encapsulated PCM). Then, a small test chamber is constructed to measure the dynamic thermal performance of an RCP with PCM under well-known and realistic boundary conditions. A known thermal resistance is used to establish a realistic heat transfer coefficient between room air (represented by the temperature of a temperature-controlled metal plate) and ceiling. The results show that HFM enthalpy measurements of products incorporating PCM are within ± 2% of manufacturers’ data. Additionally, results indicate that a test chamber can be used for validating a dynamic simulation model of the RCP with PCM installed in a room. The proposed method can be helpful during the system optimization phase, as many conditions and sample configurations can be tested without spending too much time or money on test rooms or real building monitoring.

Evaluating the passive and free cooling application methods of phase change materials in residential buildings: A comparative study

2017 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 238-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morshed Alam ◽  
Jay Sanjayan ◽  
Patrick X.W. Zou ◽  
Sayanthan Ramakrishnan ◽  
John Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Free Cooling ◽  
Application Methods

scholarly journals An Update of a Simulation Study of Passively Heated Residential Buildings

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koon Beng Ooi ◽  
Mohammad Omar Abdullah ◽  
Masa Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Evacuated Tube Solar Collector ◽  
Experimental Validations ◽  
Deep Boreholes ◽  
Fish Tank ◽  
Evacuated Tube

Abstract “A simulation study of passively heated residential buildings” published in Procedia Engineering 2015 showed how circulating 15-17°C water from a 50-m deep U-tube to a floor radiator and solar-heated water from a 30 evacuated tube solar collector and a 2-m3 indoor tank to a wall radiator could keep a 30-m2 Melbourne, Australia house thermally comfortable. This paper presents a summary of the ongoing review of publications together with three updates: - (1) Report on that water heated by a 100-metre deep U-tube is 22-24°C, i.e., 2-4 °C warmer than thermal comfort temperature. (2) May 2016 experimental validations of the simulated results which show that when the outdoors is below 10°C, the temperature of the floor radiator is 2-4°C less than the 15-17°C water heated by a 50-m deep U-tube and 25 W fish tank pumps could circulate the waters. (3) Simulations with the addition of phase change materials (PCM) to inside faces show that though a PCM halves the diurnal indoor temperature variations, it confirms that such PCM does not significantly increase the 20°C temperature in a 2-m3 storage tank at the end of winter. Therefore, the size of intersessional thermal storage would be a problem for family-sized houses. German Guidelines indicate that 1-2 boreholes could provide enough heat for family-sized houses. The heat extracted in winter can be replenished in summer. Thus the geothermal heat from about 100-m deep boreholes with 22-24°C bottom temperature could sustainably keep residential buildings in cool climates similar to Melbourne's cool temperate thermally comfortable.

scholarly journals Thermal Analysis of Integrating Roof with Phase Change Materials for Energy Saving in Residential Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Hayder M. Jaffal ◽  
Tawfeeq W. Mohammed ◽  
Marwa H. Wasmi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Thermo Physical Properties

The sector of air-conditioning in the residential building consumes most of the total ‎electricity supplied for heating or cooling. Thus it has a major impact on the greenhouse gases and climate. Phase change ‎materials (PCMs) are regarded as a possible solution for reducing the energy consumption of ‎buildings by storing the heat and releasing it in certain times. The present study assists for the ‎utilization of PCMs in the roof of residential building to absorb the heat comes from solar ‎radiation during the daytime and releasing it to the inside nightly. Building considerations ‎as well as thermo-physical properties of PCMs have been taken and measured experimentally. ‎Results have shown that these materials have a good potential for reducing energy demand ‎and satisfy comfortable thermal conditions. The obtained readings, from a rig model built for that purpose, ‎showed that the indoor temperature could increase by 5-9oC in the winter compared to that ‎measured in a traditional one. Furthermore, a simulation program depended on degree-days ‎method explained that the energy consumption could be saved up to 75%. Thus PCMs could ‎submit encouraging suggestions toward the sustainability.‎

Numerical Investigation of Phase Change Materials for Insulation of Residential Buildings in Hot Regions in Iraqi cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Hadi O. Basher ◽  
Mushtaq I. Hasan ◽  
Ahmed O. Shdhan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
R Software ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Energy Plus ◽  
South Wall ◽  
North Wall

In this paper, numerical study has been conducted for using PCM as thermal insulation materials by incorporating it with layers of walls and ceiling of buildings. The effect of PCM and its role in improvement of thermal performance and thermal comfort is numerically studied. ESP-r software program has been used for numerical simulation in this paper. Energy plus weather database software was used to create climate date for Kut city (32.5 oN 45.8 oE) that used for simulation in this study. Two identical rooms were inserted in software ESP-r with dimensions (1.5m*1.5m*1m), the first is standard room for comparison and the second is test room for experimenting. Many cases were studied according to the thickness of the PCM and according to the orientation (North wall, South wall, East wall, West wall, and ceiling). Results obtained showed a reduction in indoor temperature of the zone and the reduction in the cooling load and as a result saving in electricity consumption with using PCM as insulation materials.

Assessing the effect of night ventilation on PCM performance in high-rise residential buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrzad Soudian ◽  
Umberto Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Solidification Rate ◽  
Operative Temperature ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Ventilation Strategies ◽  
Night Ventilation ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates the possibility to enhance the use of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) as an energy retrofit measure by night ventilation strategies. For this scope, phase change materials (PCMs) are integrated into wall and ceiling surfaces of high-rise residential buildings with highly glazed facades that experience high indoor diurnal temperatures. In particular, this article investigates the effect of night ventilation on the performance of the PCMs, namely, the daily discharge of the thermal energy stored by PCMs. Following previous experimental tests that have shown the efficacy of LHTES in temperate climates, a system comprising two PCM layers with melting temperatures selected for a year-around LHTES was considered. To quantify the effectiveness of different night ventilation strategies to enhance the potential of this composite PCM system, simulations in EnergyPlusTM were performed. The ventilation flow rate, set point temperature, and operation period were the main tested parameters. The performance of the PCMs in relation to the variables was evaluated based on indoor operative temperature and cooling energy use variations in Toronto and New York in the summer. The solidification of the PCMs was analyzed based on the amount of night ventilation needed in each climate condition. The results quantify the positive impact of combining PCMs with night ventilation on cooling energy reductions and operative temperature regulation of the following days. In particular, the results indicate higher benefits obtainable with PCMs coupled with night ventilation in the context of Toronto, since this city experiences higher daily temperature fluctuations. The impact of night ventilation design variables on the solidification rate of the PCMs varied based on each parameter leading to different compromises based on the PCM and climate characteristics.

scholarly journals Cement-Based Renders Manufactured with Phase-Change Materials: Applications and Feasibility

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Coppola ◽  
Denny Coffetti ◽  
Sergio Lorenzi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Hydration Kinetics ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Entrapped Air ◽  
Kinetics Of

The paper focuses on the evaluation of the rheological and mechanical performances of cement-based renders manufactured with phase-change materials (PCM) in form of microencapsulated paraffin for innovative and ecofriendly residential buildings. Specifically, cement-based renders were manufactured by incorporating different amount of paraffin microcapsules—ranging from 5% to 20% by weight with respect to binder. Specific mass, entrained or entrapped air, and setting time were evaluated on fresh mortars. Compressive strength was measured over time to evaluate the effect of the PCM addition on the hydration kinetics of cement. Drying shrinkage was also evaluated. Experimental results confirmed that the compressive strength decreases as the amount of PCM increases. Furthermore, the higher the PCM content, the higher the drying shrinkage. The results confirm the possibility of manufacturing cement-based renders containing up to 20% by weight of PCM microcapsules with respect to binder.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Using Phase Change Materials on Reducing Summer Overheating Issues in UK Residential Buildings with Identification of Influential Factors

Energies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Auzeby ◽  
Shen Wei ◽  
Chris Underwood ◽  
Jess Tindall ◽  
Chao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Influential Factors
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