scholarly journals Smart Meter Measurement-Based State Estimation for Monitoring of Low-Voltage Distribution Grids

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Nainar ◽  
Florin Iov
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
The State ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Distribution Grids

The installation of smart meters at customer premises provides opportunities for the monitoring of distribution grids. This paper addresses the problem of improving the observability of low-voltage distribution grids using smart metering infrastructure. In particular, this paper deals with the application of state estimation algorithm using smart meter measurements for near-real-time monitoring of low-voltage distribution grids. This application is proposed to use a nonlinear weighted least squares method-based algorithm for estimating the node voltages from minimum number of smart meter measurements. This paper mainly deals with sensitivity analysis of the state estimation algorithm with respect to multiple uncertainties for, e.g., measurements errors, line parameter errors, and pseudo-measurements. Simulation studies are conducted to estimate the accuracy of the DSSE under various operating scenarios of a real-life low-voltage grid, and cost-effective ways to improve the accuracy of the state estimation algorithm are also evaluated. The paper concludes that by using smart meter measurements from few locations, voltage profiles of the low-voltage grid can be estimated with reasonable accuracy in near-real-time.

scholarly journals Three-Phase State Estimation for Distribution-Grid Analytics

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-408
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Nainar ◽  
Florin Iov
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Phase State ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Distribution Grids

Power-distribution grids consist of assets such as transformers, cables, and switches, of which the proper utilization is essential for the provision of a secure and reliable power supply to end customers. Distribution-system operators (DSOs) are responsible for the operation and maintenance of these assets. Due to the increased use of renewable sources such as wind and solar, grid assets are prone to operation conditions outside safe boundaries, such as overloading, large voltage unbalance, and a rise in voltage. At present, distribution grids are poorly monitored by DSOs, and the above-mentioned problems may thereby go unnoticed until the failure of a critical asset occurs. The deployment of smart meters in distribution grids has enabled measurements of grid variables such as power, current, and voltage. However, their measurements are used only for billing purposes, and not for monitoring and improving the operating condition of distribution grids. In this paper, a state-estimation algorithm is proposed that utilizes smart-meter data for offline analysis, and estimates the loading of grid assets and power losses. Single- and three-phase state-estimation algorithms are compared through simulation studies on a real-life low-voltage distribution grid using measured smart-meter data. The three-phase state-estimation algorithm based on the nonlinear weighted least-squares method was found to be more accurate in estimating cable loading and line power losses. The proposed method is useful for DSOs to analyze power flows in their distribution grids and take necessary actions such as grid upgrades or the rerouting of power flows.

scholarly journals Robust and Fast State Estimation for Poorly-Observable Low Voltage Distribution Networks Based on the Kalman Filter Algorithm

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 4457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antončič ◽  
Papič ◽  
Blažič
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
State Estimation ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
State Estimator

This paper presents a novel approach for the state estimation of poorly-observable low voltage distribution networks, characterized by intermittent and erroneous measurements. The developed state estimation algorithm is based on the Extended Kalman filter, where we have modified the execution of the filtering process. Namely, we have fixed the Kalman gain and Jacobian matrices to constant matrices; their values change only after a larger disturbance in the network. This allows for a fast and robust estimation of the network state. The performance of the proposed state-estimation algorithm is validated by means of simulations of an actual low-voltage network with actual field measurement data. Two different cases are presented. The results of the developed state estimator are compared to a classical estimator based on the weighted least squares method. The comparison shows that the developed state estimator outperforms the classical one in terms of calculation speed and, in case of spurious measurements errors, also in terms of accuracy.

scholarly journals Three-Phase State Estimation of a Low-Voltage Distribution Network with Kalman Filter

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7421
Author(s):  
Fabio Napolitano ◽  
Juan Diego Rios Penaloza ◽  
Fabio Tossani ◽  
Alberto Borghetti ◽  
Carlo Alberto Nucci
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
State Estimation ◽  
Phase State ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
The State ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Three Phase

The state estimation of distribution networks has long been considered a challenging task for the reduced availability of real-time measures with respect to the transmission network case. This issue is expected to be improved by the deployment of modern smart meters that can be polled at relatively short time intervals. On the other hand, the management of the information coming from many heterogeneous meters still poses major issues. If low-voltage distribution systems are of interest, a three-phase formulation should be employed for the state estimation due to the typical load imbalance. Moreover, smart meter data may not be perfectly synchronized. This paper presents the implementation of a three-phase state estimation algorithm of a real portion of a low-voltage distribution network with distributed generation equipped with smart meters. The paper compares the typical state estimation algorithm that implements the weighted least squares method with an algorithm based on an iterated Kalman filter. The influence of nonsynchronicity of measurements and of delays in communication and processing is analyzed for both approaches.

scholarly journals A Two-Step State Estimation Algorithm for Hybrid AC-DC Distribution Grids

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1967
Author(s):  
Gaurav Kumar Roy ◽  
Marco Pau ◽  
Ferdinanda Ponci ◽  
Antonello Monti
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
The State ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Dc Distribution ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Distribution Grids

Direct Current (DC) grids are considered an attractive option for integrating high shares of renewable energy sources in the electrical distribution grid. Hence, in the future, Alternating Current (AC) and DC systems could be interconnected to form hybrid AC-DC distribution grids. This paper presents a two-step state estimation formulation for the monitoring of hybrid AC-DC grids. In the first step, state estimation is executed independently for the AC and DC areas of the distribution system. The second step refines the estimation results by exchanging boundary quantities at the AC-DC converters. To this purpose, the modulation index and phase angle control of the AC-DC converters are integrated into the second step of the proposed state estimation formulation. This allows providing additional inputs to the state estimation algorithm, which eventually leads to improve the accuracy of the state estimation results. Simulations on a sample AC-DC distribution grid are performed to highlight the benefits resulting from the integration of these converter control parameters for the estimation of both the AC and DC grid quantities.

scholarly journals Impact of Solar Panel Orientation on the Integration of Solar Energy in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joannes I. Laveyne ◽  
Dimitar Bozalakov ◽  
Greet Van Eetvelde ◽  
Lieven Vandevelde
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Voltage Balance ◽  
Residential Distribution ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Distribution Grids

In Belgium, and many other countries, rooftop solar panels are becoming a ubiquitous form of decentralised energy production. The increasing share of these distributed installations however imposes many challenges on the operators of the low-voltage distribution grid. They must keep the voltage levels and voltage balance on their grids in check and are often regulatory required to provide sufficient reception capacity for new power producing installations. By placing solar panels in different inclinations and azimuth angles, power production profiles can possibly be shifted to align more with residential power consumption profiles. In this article, it is investigated if the orientation of solar panels can have a mitigating impact on the integration problems on residential low voltage distribution grids. An improved simulation model of a solar panel installation is constructed, which is used to simulate the impact on a residential distribution grid. To stay as close to real-life conditions as possible, real irradiation data and a model of an existing grid are used. Both the developed model as the results on grid impact are evaluated.

scholarly journals Smart meters as a key component of modern measuring infrastructure providing observability and state estimation of low-voltage distribution networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Yana Kuzkina ◽  
Irina Golub
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
The State ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Distribution

The paper presents a solution to the problem of organization of a system for collecting and transmitting information about measurements from smart meters necessary for the state estimation of a low-voltage distribution network. The problems of providing the sufficiency of measurements for the observability of the network and the influence of errors in the information about load connection to phases on the quality of the observability are considered. The results of allocation of smart meters and the state estimation of the real distribution network are given.

scholarly journals A complete state estimation algorithm for a three-phase four-wire low voltage distribution system with high penetration of solar PV

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 106332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wele Gedara Chaminda Bandara ◽  
Dilini Almeida ◽  
Roshan Indika Godaliyadda ◽  
Mervyn Parakrama Ekanayake ◽  
Janaka Ekanayake
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Complete State

Interval State Estimation for Low-Voltage Distribution Systems Based on Smart Meter Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 3090-3099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manyun Huang ◽  
Zhinong Wei ◽  
Marco Pau ◽  
Ferdinanda Ponci ◽  
Guoqiang Sun
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Voltage Distribution
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