scholarly journals Dynamic-Model-Based AGC Frequency Control Simulation Method for Korean Power System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5052
Author(s):  
Han Na Gwon ◽  
Kyung Soo Kook
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Frequency Responses ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Control Simulation

To fulfill the need of operating power systems more effectively through diverse resources, frequency control conditions for maintaining a balance between generators and loads need to be provided accurately. As frequency control is generally achieved via the governor responses from local generators and the automatic generation control (AGC) frequency control of the central energy management system, it is important to coordinate these two mechanisms of frequency control efficiently. This paper proposes a dynamic-model-based AGC frequency control simulation method that can be designed and analyzed using the governor responses of generators, which are represented through dynamic models in the planning stage. In the proposed simulation model, the mechanism of the AGC frequency control is implemented based on the dynamic models of the power system, including governors and generators; hence, frequency responses from the governors and AGC can be sequentially simulated to coordinate and operate these two mechanisms efficiently. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by simulating the AGC frequency control of the Korean power system and analyzing the coordination effect of the frequency responses from the governors and AGC.

scholarly journals On the Contribution of Wind Farms in Automatic Generation Control: Review and New Control Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arman Oshnoei ◽  
Rahmat Khezri ◽  
SM Muyeen ◽  
Frede Blaabjerg
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Automatic Generation Control ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Proportional Integral ◽  
Generation Control

Wind farms can contribute to ancillary services to the power system, by advancing and adopting new control techniques in existing, and also in new, wind turbine generator systems. One of the most important aspects of ancillary service related to wind farms is frequency regulation, which is partitioned into inertial response, primary control, and supplementary control or automatic generation control (AGC). The contribution of wind farms for the first two is well addressed in literature; however, the AGC and its associated controls require more attention. In this paper, in the first step, the contribution of wind farms in supplementary/load frequency control of AGC is overviewed. As second step, a fractional order proportional-integral-differential (FOPID) controller is proposed to control the governor speed of wind turbine to contribute to the AGC. The performance of FOPID controller is compared with classic proportional-integral-differential (PID) controller, to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed control method in the frequency regulation of a two-area power system. Furthermore, the effect of penetration level of wind farms on the load frequency control is analyzed.

A Universal Mathematical Model for a New Combined-Cycle, Fossil-Fuel Power System (LAJ Cycle): Part 2 — Dynamic Model

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roddie R. Judkins ◽  
Timothy R. Armstrong ◽  
Solomon D. Labinov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power System ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Transition Time ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
System Components

A Universal Mathematical Model (UMM) has been developed and applied to a combined-cycle, fossil-fuel power system. The UMM includes static and dynamic models of the system. The static model allows for thermodynamic and thermochemical analyses of the basic system components (reformer, turbine, membrane separator, fuel cell, air compressor, heat exchanger, and other components) and the entire system. The dynamic model provides for mode-to-mode (a partial load to a full or nominal load) time determination for the individual system components and for the entire system. System transient modes were studied, and it was determined that the reforming reactor transition time should be no less than 200 sec, which results in a system mode-to-mode transition time of three to four minutes.

Simplification of the dynamic model of a hydraulic rockbreaker for implementation in a model-based control scheme

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis-Francis Y. Tremblay ◽  
Marc Arsenault ◽  
Meysar Zeinali
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Planar Motion ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Joint Torques ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Lagrange Formulation ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Hydraulic Excavators

A model-based approach to control the automation of hydraulic excavators and rockbreakers necessitates an adequate dynamic model to increase the robustness of the controller and improve its performance (e.g., reduce tracking error). Most previous efforts in developing dynamic models for excavators have assumed planar motion while neglecting the dynamic effects of hydraulically driven prismatic actuators. In this paper, a dynamic model of the mechanical subsystem of a hydraulic rockbreaker is developed using the Euler–Lagrange formulation. The model considers the contributions of the hydraulic actuators and does not assume planar motion. Potential simplifications to the dynamic model are then introduced to facilitate the model’s parameterization for developing an adaptive control algorithm. To evaluate their level of accuracy, these simplified dynamic models are then evaluated based on the required joint torques for specified trajectories. It is shown that the proposed simplifications reduce the complexity of the dynamic model while preserving its accuracy, which is attractive for real-time control applications.

scholarly journals Automatic generation control of multi source interconnected power system using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
Deepesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Interconnected Power System ◽  
Small Peak ◽  
System Frequency

LFC (Load Frequency Control) difficulty is created by load of power system variations. Extreme acceptable frequency distinction is ±0.5 Hz which is  extremely intolerable. Here, LFC is observed by PID controller (PID-C), Fuzzy and ANFIS controller (ANFIS-C). To control different errors like frequency and area control error (ACE) in spite of occurrences of load disturbance and uncertainties of system is checked by MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Proposed Controller offers less, and small peak undershoot, speedy response to make final steady state. LFC is mandatory for reliability of  large interconnected power system. LFC is used to regulate power output of generator within specified area to maintain system frequency and  power interchange. Here, two area multi source LFC system is analyzed. ANFIS is utilized for tie-line power deviation and controlling frequency. Proposed controller is compared with other controller and it is found that proposed controller is better than other controller. Proposed controller is better in terms of Robustness. The output responses of interconnected areas have been compared on basis of peak-undershoot, peak-overshoot and settling time (Ts). Result of FLC is compared to that of with classical controller such as proportional derivative plus integral (PID) controller  which suggests that conventional controller is slow. Keywords: LFC, Fuzzy, PID, ANFIS, LFC; FLC; ACE; PID-C, AGC.

A Long-Term Frequency Dynamic Simulation Method of Power System with the Wind Farm Based on Quasi-Steady State Simulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 385-386 ◽  
pp. 1011-1016
Author(s):  
Ying Yun Sun ◽  
Zhao Yu Jin ◽  
Tian Jiao Pu ◽  
Ting Yu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Quasi Steady State ◽  
Term Frequency ◽  
The Impact

With the continuous improvement of wind power penetration, the impact of the random fluctuation characteristics of wind power on the frequency control of the power system is growing. Currently, researchers began to study the methods of wind farms participation in frequency control to reduce the frequency adjustment pressure of other power plants and increase the wind power penetration. However, the existing simulation software for the short and long term frequency control of the power system is not so good. So in order to analyze the impact of load fluctuations or wind farm power fluctuations on system frequency control, this paper propose a frequency fluctuation simulation method based on the quasi-steady-state method.

Dynamic Model Construction of an Industrial Flue Gas Recirculation (FGR) Furnace for Real-Time NOx Emission Control

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Jiang ◽  
C. Zhang ◽  
J. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
System Identification ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Flue Gas Recirculation ◽  
Frequency Responses ◽  
Dynamic Relationships ◽  
Gas Recirculation

Flue gas recirculation is one of the most effective ways to reduce nitric oxides (NOx) emission in conventional industrial furnaces. To design an effective control scheme, one has to understand the dynamic relationships among different furnace inputs and outputs. This paper concentrates on the construction of such dynamic models for an industrial furnace using numerical simulations and frequency domain system identification techniques. The numerical simulations are based on the conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy. The inputs to the furnace consist of the pressure head of the flue gas recirculation fan, the temperature of the combustion air, and the flow rate of the combustion air. The outputs considered herein are NOx and oxygen (O2) concentrations. To obtain a dynamic model for this multi-input and multi-output system, low amplitude sinusoidal signals of different frequencies are administrated at the furnace input. The dynamic relationships among the inputs and outputs at these frequencies are established in terms of frequency responses (magnitude and phase) around a particular furnace operating point. These frequency responses are further processed by a least squares based system identification technique to convert them to a set of parametric models. The result of the system identification is a set of the transfer functions with the order ranging from 3rd to 6th. Studies have been carried out to verify the validity of these dynamic models by comparing the responses generated from these models with those obtained from the full-scale numerical solution. These dynamic models provide a starting point for the design of realtime optimal feedback control systems for minimizing NOx emission.

scholarly journals Automatic Generation Control of Two Area Thermal Power System using Single Objective PSO and DE Optimization Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1436-1441
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Interconnected Power System ◽  
Thermal Power System ◽  
Response Performance ◽  
Single Objective

Now a days AGC has a great roll in controlling the mismatch between generation and load in interconnected power system, to attain AGC more optimal, tuning the controller using optimization techniques is needed. In this paper PSO and DE optimization techniques are employed for dynamic frequency control analysis. For dynamic analysis, the PID gain parameters obtained through single objective optimization using PSO and DE techniques, the controls are implemented by considering 1% of change in load disturbance in area 1 only and computed with sum of absolute value of ith area control error at time t as objective function and simulation result is obtained by interfacing Matlab (.m file) with Simulink block model under study . Comparison analysis is performed between PSO-PID, without controller and DE-PID. According to the investigations, better dynamic response performance is achieved through DE-PID method than the PSO-PID technique for the measured parameters of time response transient analysis such as maximum overshoot, rise time, maximum undershoot and settling time in AGC of two area system.

scholarly journals Frequency Control of Large-Scale Interconnected Power Systems via Battery Integration: A Comparison between the Hybrid Battery Model and WECC Model

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5605
Author(s):  
Roghieh Abdollahi Biroon ◽  
Pierluigi Pisu ◽  
David Schoenwald
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Distributed Control ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Control Design ◽  
The Stability

The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources in power grids highlights the role of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in enhancing the stability and reliability of electricity. A key challenge with the renewables’, specially the BESSs, integration into the power system is the lack of proper dynamic models and their application in power system analyses. The control design strategy mainly depends on the system dynamics which underlines the importance of the system accurate dynamic modeling. Moreover, control design for the power system is a complicated issue due to its complexity and inter-connectivity, which makes the application of distributed control to improve the stability of a large-scale power system inevitable. This paper presents an optimal distributed control design for the interconnected systems to suppress the effects of small disturbances in the power system employing utility-scale batteries based on existing battery models. The control strategy is applied to two dynamic models of the battery: hybrid model and Western electricity coordinating council (WECC) model. The results show that (i) the smart scheduling of the batteries’ output reduces the inter-area oscillations and improves the stability of the power systems; (ii) the hybrid model of the battery is more user-friendly compared to the WECC model in power system analyses.

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