scholarly journals Analysis of the Thermal Retrofitting Potential of the External Walls of Podhale’s Historical Timber Buildings in the Aspect of the Non-Deterioration of Their Technical Condition

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Fedorczak-Cisak ◽  
Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina ◽  
Bożena Orlik-Kożdoń ◽  
Tomasz Steidl ◽  
Tadeusz Tatara
Keyword(s):  
Energy Performance ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
Thermal Bridges ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Building Standards

The paper discusses thermal quality improvement in historic buildings. It is based on a case study of a wooden historical building in an architectural style typical of Zakopane, located in the Podhale region of Poland. The building’s historical value and timber structure prevent the application of typical thermal retrofitting solutions. This paper presents an analysis of the possibilities of the improvement of energy performance of a historic building (villa) which included: a review of the available energy performance improvement solutions applicable to this type of building, with a particular focus on applying internal insulation; a technical condition assessment using non-invasive methods, the identification of problematic areas in terms of the thermal retrofitting of buildings with timber walls and decks; in situ tests: thermovision tests which showed the places with temperature distribution field disturbances in the building’s envelope, focusing on thermal bridges; measurements of actual thermal transmittance coefficients for extant partitions; measurements of the building’s airtightness and the microclimate in selected rooms; numerical analysis: an assessment of the influence of the thermal bridges on the building’s existing condition, an analysis of water content changes in wall systems post-insulation. The presented approach enables the improvement of the energy performance of timber historical buildings while preserving the historical value of its architecture. It is innovative because it tries to fill in a research gap concerning a lack of relevant guidelines in Poland. The research questions that the authors asked were as follows. Is it possible to improve the thermal insulation of a building’s wooden walls without adversely affecting the building’s technical condition? With regard to the necessity to meet nZEB (nearly zero energy building) standards, is it feasible to improve the timber walls of historical buildings? The study found that under the correct assumptions and while maintaining a responsible approach to design, it is possible to improve the energy performance of historical buildings without interfering with historical heritage.

scholarly journals Architectural possibilities of using PVC window units in historical buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 04018
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Konstantinov ◽  
Andrey Mukhin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Performance ◽  
Technological Capabilities ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Stained Glass ◽  
Architectural Styles ◽  
Window Systems ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Structural Solutions

The work presents the possibilities of using PVC window units in the historical buildings. There are reasons of their widespread use in projects of adaptation of historical buildings for modern use. The analysis of possible replacement options of window units of the historical heritage is done according to their architectural and historical values of the exterior and the interior. A review is made of the existing technological capabilities of modern PVC window systems used in the historical buildings. Examples of application of PVC window units in historical buildings of various architectural styles are given. Examples of structural solutions of window units and stained glass windows made of PVC in historical heritage are considered. The analysis of perspective ways of the use of modern types of translucent fillings in historical buildings can significantly improve the energy performance of these buildings and provide them with conditions that meet the modern requirements of comfort and safety.

scholarly journals Selected problems of failures and repairs of historic masonry vaults

2019 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 05008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Nowak ◽  
Romuald Orłowicz
Keyword(s):  
Model Calibration ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Historic Masonry ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Masonry Vaults ◽  
Condition State

The paper discusses the technical condition (state) of existing vaults. Several examples of critical conditions of vaults are presented. Analysis and proper modelling of vaults is discussed. Repair methods were proposed with respect to historical heritage preservation. The maintenance methods of vaults were discussed with pointing the crucial elements. It was noticed that in situ tests are necessary for proper model calibration and repair results verification.

scholarly journals Historic Building Thermal Diagnostics Algorithm Presented for the Example of a Townhouse in Lviv

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5374
Author(s):  
Bożena Orlik-Kożdoń ◽  
Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina ◽  
Małgorzata Fedorczak-Cisak ◽  
Tomasz Steidl ◽  
Andrzej Białkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Historic Building ◽  
Rain Sample ◽  
Thermal Vision ◽  
Thermal Diagnostics

This paper presents a proposal for a historic building thermal diagnostics algorithm for the example of a historical townhouse located in Lviv, Ukraine. The authors proposed a testing and diagnostics procedure that should precede design and renovation work associated with improving the energy standard of the buildings under discussion. The procedure was presented using a case study of a selected historical building. The scope of the study included an assessment of the building’s technical condition, thermal vision diagnostics, wall moisture, and water absorption in the context of protection against rain. Sample thermal and hygrothermal calculations were performed for a sample architecture element. The calculations included simulations of partition envelope behaviour after planned thermal retrofitting had been carried out. Performing the presented thermal diagnostics methods in three interlinked blocks (A, B, and C) shall ensure the proper thermal retrofitting of historical buildings in the context of their further occupancy.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTICS OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF THE HISTORICAL BUILDING AT THE ADDRESS: MOSCOW, 2ND VOLKONSKY LANE, 5, P. 1.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
V. Zhelninskiy
Keyword(s):  
Technical Condition ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Actual Load ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties

this article discusses the restoration of a historical building, which is an extremely responsible and important work to preserve the valuable Fund of historical buildings in Moscow. With the participation of the author, the work was performed to diagnose the technical condition of the historical building and develop technical solutions for restoring structural elements of the building that have lost their original properties. A set of measures to determine and evaluate the actual values of controlled parameters that characterize the performance of the object of inspection and determine the possibility of its further operation, reconstruction or the need to restore, strengthen, repair, and includes a survey of the soil base and building structures to identify changes in soil properties, deformation damage, defects of load-bearing structures and determine their actual load-bearing capacity

scholarly journals The Smart Evolution of Historical Cities: Integrated Innovative Solutions Supporting the Energy Transition while Respecting Cultural Heritage

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9358
Author(s):  
Georgios Tsoumanis ◽  
João Formiga ◽  
Nuno Bilo ◽  
Panagiotis Tsarchopoulos ◽  
Dimosthenis Ioannidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Historic Centre ◽  
Low Performance

Building retrofitting is seen as an efficient method for improving a building’s energy performance. On the other hand, when historical buildings are considered for this procedure, retrofitting gets more complicated. As historical buildings typically consist of low-performance building and energy systems, energy retrofits can be highly beneficial. However, not every retrofit technology can be installed in a historical building. In this paper, the study carried out for the implementation of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) solutions in the Historic Centre of Évora is provided, within the framework of the European project POCITYF (Project H2020). The study took into consideration all the observations of the Regional Directorate of Culture of Évora and the administration of the involved schools (including the Association of Parents), the needs of the Municipality of Évora, and the capabilities of technology developers ONYX and Tegola. The proposed solutions aim at fulfilling all the guidelines for preserving the historic centre and achieving the positivity metrics agreed with the European Commission on the challenging and indispensable path to the decarbonisation of European cities.

scholarly journals Modeling Energy Efficiency Performance and Cost-Benefit Analysis Achieving Net-Zero Energy Building Design: Case Studies of Three Representative Offices in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5201
Author(s):  
Kittisak Lohwanitchai ◽  
Daranee Jareemit
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
High Investment

The concept of a zero energy building is a significant sustainable strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The challenges of zero energy building (ZEB) achievement in Thailand are that the design approach to reach ZEB in office buildings is unclear and inconsistent. In addition, its implementation requires a relatively high investment cost. This study proposes a guideline for cost-optimal design to achieve the ZEB for three representative six-story office buildings in hot and humid Thailand. The energy simulations of envelope designs incorporating high-efficiency systems are carried out using eQuest and daylighting simulation using DIALux evo. The final energy consumptions meet the national ZEB target but are higher than the rooftop PV generation. To reduce such an energy gap, the ratios of building height to width are proposed. The cost-benefit of investment in ZEB projects provides IRRs ranging from 10.73 to 13.85%, with payback periods of 7.2 to 8.5 years. The energy savings from the proposed designs account for 79.2 to 81.6% of the on-site energy use. The investment of high-performance glazed-windows in the small office buildings is unprofitable (NPVs = −14.77–−46.01). These research results could help architects and engineers identify the influential parameters and significant considerations for the ZEB design. Strategies and technical support to improve energy performance in large and mid-rise buildings towards ZEB goals associated with the high investment cost need future investigations.

scholarly journals ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN METHODS OF RENOVATION OF INTERIORS OF HISTORICAL BUILDINGS

2020 ◽  
pp. 272-280
Author(s):  
E. Turikova ◽  
◽  
O. Nedoshytko ◽  
A. Akopova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Student Work ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Light Color ◽  
Initial Geometry

In this article specific examples of historical interiors are identified and characterized, environment-forming factors determining the individuality of the historic interior and its renovation strategy are highlighted; shows the methods of renovation andreprofiling of historical interiors, their selection and testing in real environmental conditions.The historical buildings that make up the golden fund for the development of old cities often carry a bunch of contradictions: their interiors do not alwaysmeet today's requirements for the geometry of interior spaces, their hygiene, lighting, acoustics; the structural basis does not allow to increase the load; they are not designed for new functions, modes of operation, flows of people, etc.; the existing aesthetic system contradicts modern materials and stylistic priorities. Incorrect adaptation of historical interiors to a foreign function leads to irreplaceable cultural and artistic losses. Therefore, it is relevant to identify techniques for the renovation of historical interiors, architectural and design tools to ensure consistent interaction of the historical foundation and modern equipment.The study allowed to clarify the concept of “interior of a historic building”; to reveal the factors that determine the design approaches to the renovation of the interior: initial geometry, hue-color certainty and potential, artistic and stylistic integrity, scenographic potential, sanitary-hygienic and ergonomic, safety, human factor, compositional reality and potential. The identified factors made it possible to formulate the tasks and means of renovating aspecific historical interior. The methods of renovation are: the introduction of a contrasting accent; creation of alternative environmental and stylistic scenarios, points and perspectives of perception; use of environmentalinstallations from equipment; the formation of a single visual field of the interior and exterior through the use of font, elements of historical style.The article “Architectural and design techniques for renovating the interiors of historical buildings” clarifies the concept of “interior of a historical building”. The features of such interiors were identified and characterized, environment-forming factors determining the individuality of the historical interior and the strategy for its renovation, as well as design approaches to interior renovation: initial geometry, light-color certainty and potential, artistic and stylistic integrity, scenographic potential, sanitary-hygienic and ergonomic, were identified, security, human factor, compositional givenness and potential. The methods of renovation and reprofiling of historical interiors are shown, they are selected and tested in real environmental conditions. The identified factors made it possible to formulate the tasks and means of renovating aspecific historical interior. The methods of renovation are: the introduction of a contrasting accent; creation of alternative environmental and stylistic scenarios, points and perspectives of perception; use of environmental installations from equipment; the formation of a single visual field of the interior and exterior through the use of font, elements of historical style. The article is illustrated with graphic materials from the course student work (Art. Yulia Shtyrbu).

scholarly journals HISTORICAL HERITAGE AND SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: CHALLENGES IMPOSED ON OWNERS AND MANAGERS OF LISTED HISTORICAL BUILDINGS IN THE CITY OF SÃO PAULO

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
Fernanda Cardoso Romão Freitas ◽  
Fabiane Domingues de Magalhães de Almeida ◽  
Alcides Garcia Junior
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The City ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

The worldwide concern regarding sustainable urban development has been increasing as the populations of countries increase and demand more consumption of the already scarce natural resources. According to the United Nations, it is estimated that 55% of the world population lives in urban centers, with the perspective of surpassing 68% in 2050. In Brazil, 84% of the population today live in the cities. One of the goals of sustainable development is to make cities more sustainable and inclusive and, to accomplish such goal, many variables need to be accomplished, among which is the strengthening of efforts to protect and safeguard cities’ cultural heritage, for the present and future generations. Seeing as São Paulo is the 10th urban city in the world, and its historical heritage preservation policies are recent and in the process of being outlined, this research strives to answer: What are the main challenges identified by owners/managers of listed historical buildings in São Paulo, which stand in the way of conserving/preserving their properties? Results revealed that the main challenges are a lack of knowledge about what interventions can be done to the property, lack of knowledge on incentive laws and more feasible ways for the conservation of historical sites and dealing with excessive bureaucracy. Such results contribute to the implementation of urban development policies focused on the sustainable goal of safeguarding the city’s cultural heritage, in order to propitiate advancements in preserving the memory and identity of the city through the conservation of properties listed as historical heritage.  

scholarly journals New chances given to historic buildings by implementing revitalisation projects and adapting the premises to serve new functions

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Jan Wrana ◽  
Aleksandra Jarocka-Mikrut
Keyword(s):  
Technical Condition ◽  
Utility Functions ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Historical Buildings

The article concerns the issue of revitalizing historical buildings by assigning new functions to them. The authors of the writing provide examples of constantly dilapidating edifices in Lublin and their brief historical outlines. Basing on the expert’s report concerning Sobiescy Palace in Lublin, the writers present problems resulting from the technical condition of this as well as other historical buildings. Chances for improving the conditions of such properties by including them in a completely new functional programme are seen by authors. In order to support this thesis, the writers present already implemented revitalization projects in Poland by assigning various new ones, e.g. living and public utility functions to the buildings.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF THREE CALCULATION METHODS OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE CERTIFICATES IN SLOVENIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wadie Kidess
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Calculation ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
The Third ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Thermal Bridges ◽  
Simplified Calculation ◽  
Family House

In order to get the authorization for issuing energy performance certificates in Slovenia, the expert candidate has to attend the prescribed course and pass the exam. The simplified method for heat losses calculation that is taught at this course neglects the thermal bridges, raising concerns whether the calculation results are reliable. In this paper we have compared three methods for calculation of thermal losses for a “typical” family house. The first is the above mentioned simplified calculation using a correctional factor; the second takes into account the thermal bridges, using linear thermal transmittances obtained by numerical calculation, and the third takes into account the thermal bridges, using default values for linear thermal transmittances. Noting that the second method returns the most exact values, we have found that the first method results are too large, yet still smaller than the third method results.

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