scholarly journals Investigation on the Characteristics of Biodiesel Droplets in the Engine Cylinder

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3637
Author(s):  
Ali Raza ◽  
Hassan Mehboob ◽  
Sajjad Miran ◽  
Waseem Arif ◽  
Syed Farukh Javaid Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Discrete Phase Model ◽  
Evaporation Time ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Fuel Droplets ◽  
Engine Cylinder

The world is moving towards renewable energy sources rapidly and, at present, fossil fuels are reducing day by day. In this scenario, biofuels have become an attractive alternative to conventional diesel fuels. In the present work, the vaporization of Thumba biodiesel is numerically modeled using the finite volume-based approach in ANSYS Fluent and the results are compared with diesel fuel. Evaporation of fuels is governed by the conservation equations of energy, momentum, and mass. Owing to high temperature and pressure conditions, turbulence is present in the engine cylinder. To account for the turbulence effects, the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) turbulence model is used. Heat transfer to droplet and mass lost by the droplets is governed by the discrete phase model equations. The obtained results include the droplet lifetime, increase in temperature of a droplet, and velocity profiles. It is observed that the size and temperature of fuel droplets and ambient temperature have a significant effect on the evaporation time of fuel droplets in the engine cylinder. By reducing the droplet size, the complete evaporation of fuels can be achieved. Droplets having a high temperature have a short evaporation time and high evaporation rate. It is noted that, at a higher temperature, biodiesel evaporates more quickly than diesel fuel, thus producing complete combustion and hence giving maximum power output.

INVESTIGATION ON CHARACTERISTICS OF POME BLENDED DIESEL ENGINE

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmisyah Ahmad Jalaludin ◽  
Mohd Ruysdi Ramliy ◽  
Nik Rosli Abdullah ◽  
Salmiah Kasolang ◽  
Shahrir Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Complete Combustion

The sudden increase in fuel prices due to diminishing petroleum resources and the pollution resulting from its use has resulted in research into alternative fuels such as biodiesel. In addition, the faster combustion and high temperature in the combustion chamber which results from petroleum diesel fuel leads to higher nitrogen oxide (NOx) and Particulate Matter (PM) emissions. Therefore, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of using palm oil methyl ester (POME) blends as alternative fuels on the performance and emission of a compression ignition engine. The performance of POME blends and diesel were compared by manipulating the load of the engine at 1800 rpm. The results obtained show that fuel consumption rate is higher for the POME blends compared to the diesel fuel and increases as the POME concentration increases. The increment of brake specific fuel consumption and the reduction of CO emission exhibit a relation to the increase in percentage of POME. This is mainly contributed by the higher oxygen content of POME which promotes complete combustion of the blends. However, efficient combustion from the blends as compared to diesel fuel resulted from higher oxygen content and cetane number leads to significant increase in exhaust temperature. This in turn increases NOx emissions since using POME blends is highly related to high temperature of combustion chamber. The experimental results proved that POME in compression ignition engine is a possible substitute to diesel.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on Performance, Combustion, Emission and Vibration Analysis of Diesel Engine Fuelled with Rice Bran Biodiesel and n-Butanol Additive

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Pawar ◽  
◽  
Sharad Patil ◽  
Kamalesh Jagadale ◽  
Pranali Gujar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Nitric Oxides ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Engine Cylinder ◽  
Combustion Emission

Substantial growth in emissions, hike in fuel prices, and exhaustion of fossil fuels has given rise to the need for substitute fuels for diesel engines, which are renewable and demote the emission. Also, strict international emission standards force researchers to seek alternative fuels. Vegetable oils are promising alternative biodiesel for a diesel engine, amongst them, rice bran is underutilized, a non-edible source that doesn’t create any food security hurdle. The paper focused to investigate the performance, combustion, emission, and vibration characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with rice bran biodiesel and n- butanol additive (5% constant) at CR 17.5. The engine characteristics of seven biodiesel blends (B5n5, B10n5, B15n5, B20n5, B25n5, B30n5, and B40n5) were measured at various loads under constant speed and compared with diesel fuel. The performance characteristics were observed in moderate quantities as compared to diesel whereas the emissions were found reduced drastically than diesel fuel except for nitric oxides (NOx) emissions. The measured engine cylinder vibration for all blends indicates similar results as diesel fuel hence leads to smooth combustion. The investigation shows that blends from B20n5 to B30n5 have the potential to be used in a diesel engine without any modification.

Mixed Culture Microalgae-Based Coconut Biodiesel as Fuel to Improve DI CI Engine Performance, Emission Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 347-353
Author(s):  
Katam Ganesh Babu ◽  
A. Veeresh Babu ◽  
K. Madhu Murthy ◽  
M. Kiran Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Fuel Demand ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Alternative Sources

The depleting Fossil fuels reserves are caused to look into new Renewable energy sources to fulfill Diesel fuel demand in developing countries such as India. Increasing urbanization is lead to the search for new alternative sources like biodiesel. In India demand of diesel fuel in Industry and Transportation sector. To resolve all the above problems, researchers, scientists were produced biodiesel from first, second and third generation biodiesel sources. Among all the sources Algae was the most Oil rich sources. The byproducts in algae to biodiesel conversion process are most valuable than other. In the present work author tried to work in a new approach, i.e. the mixed culture algae particles are emulsified in pure Coconut biodiesel fuel by using TritonX-100 as a surfactant to prepare an emulsified fuel. This fuel sample was applied to DI CI engine to improve performance, emission characteristics. The experimental results were shown that there is the improvement in diesel engine performance; emission characteristics especially break thermal efficiency and NOx emission reduction than diesel fuel due to its clean combustion.

Evaporation Time of Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Droplets on a Hot Plate: The Influence of Fuel Deposits

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Seers ◽  
V. Reguillet ◽  
E. Plamondon ◽  
L. Dufresne ◽  
S. Halle´
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Droplet Evaporation ◽  
Evaporation Time ◽  
Plate Temperature ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Fuel Droplets ◽  
Initial Fuel ◽  
Property Changes ◽  
Fuel Evaporation ◽  
Hot Surface

The objective of this paper is to present experimental results of multicomponent fuel droplets impinging on a hot surface in order to quantify the influence of fuel build-up deposits on the evaporation time. The experiments were conducted with gasoline and diesel fuels to first obtain curves of evaporation time as a function of plate temperature. Based on these curves the Nukiyama and Leindenfrost temperatures were identified. In a second step, the effect of fuel deposit on the droplet evaporation time was studied. Based on the above evaporation time curves, plate temperatures were chosen as to offer a similar evaporation time but at temperatures below and above the Nukiyama and Leindenfrost temperatures respectively. This was done in order to isolate the effect of fuel deposits from the different evaporation mechanisms. The evaporation of successive impinging droplets was then measured. The results hence obtained indeed showed that the fuel deposit has a different impact on the evaporation time according the evaporating mechanism or equivalently the plate temperature. For plate temperatures lower than the Nukiyama temperature, gasoline and diesel fuel droplets showed an increase of their evaporation time as the amount of successive impinging droplets increased. The trend was reversed for plate temperatures above the Leindenfrost temperature. A hypothesis for this latter case is that the fuel deposit disrupts the vapor layer supporting the droplet and therefore provides a greater heat flux to the evaporating droplet. Finally, droplet evaporation times as a function of plate temperature were measured with an initial fuel deposit covering the plate. These results in turn showed that the global thermal diffusivity and porosity of the surface are changed by the presence of the fuel deposit. The consequence of these property changes are then shown to have a direct and global impact on the fuel evaporation time curves.

Experiments With Coal Fuels in a High-Temperature Diesel Engine

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Likos ◽  
T. W. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Coal Slurry ◽  
Pilot Injection ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Engine Cylinder ◽  
Burning Rates ◽  
Low Heat Rejection Engine

The combustion of 50 wt percent coal slurries, using water, diesel fuel, and methanol as carrier liquids, was investigated in a single-cylinder research engine. High temperatures were achieved in the engine cylinder using low-heat-rejection engine technology, electrically heated glow plugs, and heated inlet air. Comparisons of the fuels and different methods of providing high cylinder temperature were made using cylinder pressure data and heat release calculations. Autoignition of the coal/water slurries was attained using auxiliary heat input. The burning rates of all the autoignited slurries were significantly enhanced by using a pilot injection of diesel fuel. Under some operating conditions the engine thermal efficiency was equal to diesel fuel performance. It was apparent that engines designed for coal slurry should maximize the prechamber volume.

scholarly journals Solar Energy as an Alternative for an All Year Round Production of Vegetables in Anambra, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
C. U. Ikeh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Vegetable Farm

Epileptic power supply is a major problem in Nigeria and one of the ways Nigerians have solving this challenge is by using renewable energy as an alternative power supply in place fossil fuels. Among renewable energy sources, solar is the most important because it is available in this part of the world. This energy source is also used in various industries including agriculture and it can be used in irrigation and sprinklers in farmer’s vegetable farm. This research was carried out through field visitations and extensive literature on the performance of photovoltaic modules. This paper outlines the use of solar water pump for irrigation in vegetable farms, the benefits and concludes with suggested recommendations which can help production of vegetables during dry season in Anambra State. It aims at contributing a better understanding of the potential impact of solar photovoltaic (PV) on sustainable production of vegetables with special attention to the effect of income generating activities in the State. It is known that during dry season, vegetables do not get enough water, sometimes these agricultural products are very scarce and expensive. Solar photovoltaic water pumping is found to be economically viable in comparison to electricity or diesel based systems for irrigation and sprinklers in the vegetable farm. Solar photovoltaic water pumping is therefore, an attractive alternative for irrigation and sprinklers in Nigerian vegetable farm due to the huge solar potential in the country.

Numerical Investigation of Combustion Performance Utilizing Envo-Diesel Blends

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 822-827
Author(s):  
Mohamad Shaiful Ashrul Ishak ◽  
Mohd. Amirul Amin Arizal ◽  
Mohammad Nazri Mohd. Jaafar ◽  
A.R. Norwazan ◽  
Ismail Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Fuel Droplets ◽  
Spray Flames

Alternative fuel and renewable energy is needed to fulfill the energy demand of the world. The use of envo-diesel fuels for power generation seems a viable solution for the problems of decreasing fossil-fuel reserves and environmental concerns. The use of envo-diesel in gas turbines would extend this application to power generation field. Envo-diesel is considered as better option because of its environmental friendly characteristics while giving almost the same functional properties like a fossil fuels. The gas turbine combustion performance that utilizes palm envo-diesel fuel is investigated. This study is to perform a detailed simulation of combustion and thermal flow behaviors inside the combustor. The simulations are conducted using the commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) package software to determine the spray flames and combustion characteristics of commercial diesel fuel, envo-E5 and envo-E10. The diameter and temperature of the fuel droplets; and temperature contour, mass fraction of diesel and mass fraction of carbon dioxide (CO2) of the combustor were obtained for commercial diesel fuel, envo-E5 and envo-E10. Diesel fuel displayed higher rates of droplet evaporation compared to E5 and E10 with SMD differential about 30 to 40 μm while mass fraction for E5 and E10 slightly lower than conventional diesel.

scholarly journals Droplets heating and evaporation: an application to diesel-biodiesel fuel mixtures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Al Qubeissi ◽  
Nawar Al-Esawi ◽  
Sergei S Sazhin
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Droplets ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels

The heating and evaporation of automotive fuel droplets are crucial to the design of internal combustion engines and to ensuring their good performance. Accurate modelling is essential to the understanding of these processes and ultimately improving engine design. The interest in fossil-biodiesel fuel blends has been mainly stimulated by depletion of fossil fuels and the need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions that contribute towards climate change. This paper presents an analytical investigation into the application of discrete component model for the heating and evaporation of multi-component fuel droplets to several blended diesel-biodiesel fuels. The model considers the contribution of all groups of hydrocarbons in diesel fuel and methyl esters in biodiesel fuels. The main features of new application to the analysis of blended-fuel droplets in engine-like conditions is described. The model is applied to several blends of diesel, combining 98 components of hydrocarbons, and 19 types biodiesel fuels, combining up to 17 species of methyl ester, considering the differences in their chemical levels of saturation, and thermodynamic and transport properties. One important finding is that some fuel blends, e.g. B5 (5% biodiesel fuel and 95% diesel fuel), can give almost identical droplet lifetimes to the one predicted for pure diesel fuel; i.e. such mixtures can be directly used in conventional diesel engines with minimal, or no, modification to the droplet break-up process.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4644

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Locally-Produced Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel with Conventional Diesel Fuel

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3521-3524
Author(s):  
A. A. Khaskheli ◽  
G. D. Walasai ◽  
A. S. Jamali ◽  
Q. B. Jamali ◽  
Z. A. Siyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

Increasing environmental concerns forced us to look for cheaper, reliable and secure sources of energy. Fossil fuels like oil, coal, and natural gas are having limited supplies and are depleting fast. Both energy security and environmental concerns have resulted in inclination towards renewable energy sources. Biodiesel does not contain petroleum, but it can be blended with petro-diesel in various mix levels. This research investigated biodiesel produced by the use of cheap waste cooking oil, collected from the local market of Nawabshah, Pakistan. The collected waste oil was converted into biodiesel by trans-esterification process at PCSIR Laboratory, Karachi. The fuel samples were tested in a diesel engine test bed unit at the Thermodynamics Laboratory of Quaid-e-Awam University. Biodiesel blends were compared with the conventional diesel fuel. The comparative analysis of the performance parameters concluded that brake specific fuel consumption of B30 (biodiesel 30%+diesel 70%) mix was 6.9% higher than that of 100% diesel. The brake thermal efficiency of B30 decreased about 4.75% in comparison with conventional diesel.

An Efficient Hybrid Forecasting Approach for Wind Speed Time Series

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Bhargavi Munnaluri ◽  
K. Ganesh Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Hybrid Forecasting ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Future Utilization

Wind forecasting is one of the best efficient ways to deal with the challenges of wind power generation. Due to the depletion of fossil fuels renewable energy sources plays a major role for the generation of power. For future management and for future utilization of power, we need to predict the wind speed.  In this paper, an efficient hybrid forecasting approach with the combination of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Networks(ANN) are proposed to improve the quality of prediction of wind speed. Due to the different parameters of wind, it is difficult to find the accurate prediction value of the wind speed. The proposed hybrid model of forecasting is examined by taking the hourly wind speed of past years data by reducing the prediction error with the help of Mean Square Error by 0.019. The result obtained from the Artificial Neural Networks improves the forecasting quality.

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