scholarly journals Energetic Retrofit Strategies for Traditional Sicilian Wine Cellars: A Case Study

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Nocera ◽  
Rosa Caponetto ◽  
Giada Giuffrida ◽  
Maurizio Detommaso
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Rural Buildings ◽  
Double Function ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Physical Features

Sicily is characterized by rural buildings, Palmenti, destined to wine production, which are scattered along the countryside and part of the local historical heritage. There are different types of rural buildings, but all have in common the use of ancient and well-established bioclimatic techniques for wine conservation and aging. Most of them were built with the double function of living space for the owner and productive spaces for all the activities correlated to the cultivations. Indeed, many rural houses, destined to the wine production, are characterized by wineries and wine cellars (the first for the wine production, the second to store the wine for the aging process). The growing production of high-quality Sicilian wines, very appreciated all over the world, leads to upgrade the ancient Palmenti to seek optimal hygrothermal conditions and, therefore, to guarantee high performance of the produced and stored wines. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the retrofit measures taken to comply with the energy regulations could affect the thermal behavior of a wine cellar constructed with consolidated bioclimatic technics. The results show the importance of not insulating the solid ground floor for maintaining suitable temperatures for the fermentation and aging of wine. This study can be useful for future analysis when comparing the optimal hygrothermal conditions of wine cellars located in homogeneous viticultural areas (with same climate, geology, soil, physical features, and height) in other parts of the world.

Effective Altruism

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Helping Others ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Effective Altruism

The effective altruism movement consists of a growing global community of people who organize significant parts of their lives around two key ideas, represented in its name. Altruism: If we use a significant portion of the resources in our possession—whether money, time, or talents—with a view to helping others, we can improve the world considerably. Effectiveness: When we do put such resources to altruistic use, it is crucial to focus on how much good this or that intervention is reasonably expected to do per unit of resource expended (for example, per dollar donated). While global poverty is a widely used case study in introducing and motivating effective altruism, if the ultimate aim is to do the most good one can with the resources expended, it is far from obvious that global poverty alleviation is highest priority cause area. In addition to ranking possible poverty-alleviation interventions against one another, we can also try to rank interventions aimed at very different types of outcome against one another. This includes, for example, interventions focusing on animal welfare or future generations. The scale and organization of the effective altruism movement encourage careful dialogue on questions that have perhaps long been there, throwing them into new and sharper relief, and giving rise to previously unnoticed questions. In the present volume, the first of its kind, a group of internationally recognized philosophers, economists, and political theorists contribute in-depth explorations of issues that arise once one takes seriously the twin ideas of altruistic commitment and effectiveness.

Magic Lanes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Cate Christ ◽  
Hendrik Tieben
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Public Open Space ◽  
The World ◽  
Physical Features

With one of the highest population densities in the world, Hong Kong suffers from a lack of public open space. Despite this situation, open spaces provided by government authorities or private developers often do not meet residents’ needs or include residents in the planning and design process. To explore one way that this issue is being addressed, this chapter describes an ongoing placemaking project within Hong Kong’s interstitial network of laneways (里) and alleys (巷). The key historical, sociocultural, and physical features, opportunities, and constraints of these in-between spaces are discussed. This is followed by an in-depth exploration of the case study Magic Lanes, a pilot project that aims to provide more inclusive public open spaces through placemaking and community co-creation.

scholarly journals Mapping Health Opportunity: A Case Study of Dortmund, Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
Sushma Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Decision Makers ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Neighborhood Conditions ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Physical Features

Health being one of the most important aspects of life, people are much concerned about their health. Because people value their health, today cities are planned considering the health and environment for providing good quality of life. Many studies have shown different effects in health due to interaction with environment. As socioeconomic, environmental and cultural conditions may vary from place to place, people living in different areas in the cities can have different health outcomes. Also, people's perception of such neighborhood conditions can vary which can influence their health. There can be different resources in and around the neighborhood that provide opportunity for its people to perform different health-benefitting activities. Such physical features can be termed as health-related resources or in other words health opportunities. This study was conducted in two different type of neighborhoods in Dortmund, Nordstadt being deprived and Kreuzviertel being affluent. To know which locations people, consider as good or bad for their health, participants who agreed to take part in questionnaire survey were directly asked to point out the places they use and avoid for health-related activities. This study found out different types of health opportunities identified by respondents in Nordstadt and Kreuzviertel. Respondents from Nordstadt mentioned health opportunities inside and outside their neighborhood whereas in Kreuzviertel health opportunities were pointed outside the neighborhood. The information about people's perception on local neighborhood can be taken as useful insights for planners and decision-makers to plan development programs. The research provides an opportunity to formulate policies that address main problems acting as barriers so that people can get maximum benefits from health opportunities. To find out detailed explanations for differences between actual and perceived environmental situation, more in-depth research is needed.

Polysemous Features of Words of Perception in English, Chinese and Korean—A Case Study of mouth, 嘴/口 and입

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 2002
Author(s):  
Chengyu Nan
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Korean Language ◽  
Physiological Phenomenon ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Physical Features

Typologically, English, Chinese and Korean belong to three different types of language. English is inflectional, Chinese is isolating and Korean is agglutinative. Therefore, words of perception in these three languages show some different semantic features. But due to similar physical features and physiological phenomenon, people speaking English, Chinese or Korean language use the same word of perception to express the same meaning or feeling. This paper makes a comparative case study of mouth, 嘴/口 and입, which have rich polysemous features. Their meanings are extended from “the part of human body” to the concrete “entrance” or “person” and then to the abstract “speech act” or “way of speaking”. The meaning extension shows semantic symmetry and asymmetry both interlingually and intralingually in the expressions not only with mouth, 嘴/口 and입 and other words of perception in three languages.

scholarly journals Design, Construction and Validation of a High-Performance OATS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglin Meng
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Test Site ◽  
The World ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Antenna Factor ◽  
First Time ◽  
Biconical Antennas ◽  
Calibration Laboratories

The state of the art on the open-area test site (OATS) has been introduced. Key technologies on the design and validation of a high-performance OATS have been provided. Some famous OATS in the world regarding their structure, the dimensions of the ground plane (GP), the location of the control room, and performance are listed in a table. A case study is provided on NIM’s high-performance OATS. Many details are open for the first time, which show the fine design. A measurement uncertainty example has been provided in measuring the free-space antenna factor of biconical antennas. These results are based on the author’s many years of experience, with lots of valuable data and photos. It is intended for calibration laboratories, for EMC antenna users, for writing EMC standards, as well as for the assessors in EMC.

Risk and Reliability Analyses for Innovative LNG Offshore Floating Units

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Benyessaad ◽  
Diane Ruf
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Reliability Engineering ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Offshore Industry

The development of the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) offshore industry is viewed as a major improvement in the exploitation of the world’s energy resources. Most energy analysts agree that significant increases in Natural Gas (NG) demand is expected in the next decades due to relatively low prices and an important gas quantity worldwide. In order to develop the use of this resource, many innovative offshore floating installations have been developed and are currently deployed all over the world. However, hazards linked to LNG and due to hydrocarbon releases are not always so well understood or controlled. Thus, in order to quantify and understand these risks associated to LNG treatment or containment as well as their consequences, a number of different types of risk and reliability engineering techniques can be used at different stages of the project. The following will present specific analyses that have been performed on innovative LNG Offshore floating units to provide a qualitative and quantitative hazard assessment by predicting the consequences and the frequencies of these hazards, while improving the reliability of the installation and its availability. The paper will first introduce the LNG offshore industry outlining the different installations possibilities and the associated hazards. Then, based on recent projects, it will detail the risk-based methodology applied to ensure the safety and the profitability of such innovative installations when no rules are able to frame fully the development of these projects. Finally, after having pointed out the ins and outs of risk studies, a case study using most of the methods presented previously will be developed.

Focus on World Festivals

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types

A contemporary overview of festival activity from around the world based on over 30 case studies drawn from every continent. Through its case-study focus it examines different types and genres of festival across the world; considers in detail specific festivals in specific contexts; looks at management and organisational issues in festival provision, and illustrates debates and theories pertaining to festivals throughout the world.

scholarly journals Teamwork to Survive in Hostile Soils: Use of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria to Ameliorate Soil Salinity Stress in Crops

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Rafael Jiménez-Mejía ◽  
Ricardo I. Medina-Estrada ◽  
Santos Carballar-Hernández ◽  
Ma. del Carmen Orozco-Mosqueda ◽  
Gustavo Santoyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Plants and their microbiomes, including plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), can work as a team to reduce the adverse effects of different types of stress, including drought, heat, cold, and heavy metals stresses, as well as salinity in soils. These abiotic stresses are reviewed here, with an emphasis on salinity and its negative consequences on crops, due to their wide presence in cultivable soils around the world. Likewise, the factors that stimulate the salinity of soils and their impact on microbial diversity and plant physiology were also analyzed. In addition, the saline soils that exist in Mexico were analyzed as a case study. We also made some proposals for a more extensive use of bacterial bioinoculants in agriculture, particularly in developing countries. Finally, PGPB are highly relevant and extremely helpful in counteracting the toxic effects of soil salinity and improving crop growth and production; therefore, their use should be intensively promoted.

scholarly journals Dimensions of Openness: Beyond the Course as an Open Format in Online Education

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Dalsgaard ◽  
Klaus Thestrup
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Educational Technologies ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Open Education ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Opening Up

The objective of the paper is to provide a framework for understanding the pedagogical opportunities of openness in education. The paper will argue that openness in education should not only be viewed as opening existing resources and courses to a broader audience. Openness is also a matter of providing insight and enable communication and collaboration across traditional barriers – such as distance and accessibility. From this perspective, openness is the removal of barriers for interaction and exchange – and not only a matter of providing access to resources or courses. Rather, the objective is to open education to the outside world, which entails an interaction between educational institutions and society. The key point of the paper is that to do this, educational activities need to change and move beyond the course as the main unit of openness. Openness is not only a matter of opening up the existing, but to develop new educational practices that interact with the world. The paper outlines three different dimensions of openness that describe different types of interaction between institutions and society: transparency, communication and engagement. To exemplify the dimensions, the paper presents a case study that demonstrates the three dimensions of openness in an university programme. The paper concludes in a discussion of educational technologies for the different dimensions of openness.

scholarly journals Planning procedures towards high climatic quality cities. Example referring to Lisbon

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (82) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria João Alcoforado
Keyword(s):  
Urban Climate ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Information Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Planning Strategies ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

The different stages of research on high climatic quality city are presented in this paper: acquisition of appropriate urban climate information, analysis of different urban climate features and selection of planning strategies (accordingly with the climate zone). Then, with the aid of a GIS, systematic guidelines for planning can be given. As a result, different types of benefits for city dwellers are to be expected (comfort, health, economic). Lisbon is presented as a case study. It is shown how the “translation” of the knowledge of Lisbon’s urban climate into simple guidelines for urban planning in order to mitigate the urban heat island, promote ventilation and increase air quality, was carried out. To this end, maps of the physical features of the city of Lisbon were drawn, synthesised into “urban homogeneous units” map. Climate guidelines are specified for each of the six groups of units (brought together according to urban morphology, topography and position in town.

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