scholarly journals Market Impacts of a Transmission Investment: Evidence from the ERCOT Competitive Renewable Energy Zones Project

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3199
Author(s):  
Heesun Jang
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Price Level ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Price Convergence ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
The Impact

Texas has experienced a rapid development of wind power over the last 20 years. Since wind power was developed mostly in desolate areas that are remote from urban centers due to its nature conditions, Texas implemented the Competitive Renewable Energy Zones (CREZ) project, the goal of which is to integrate the wind supply regions with the large demand centers. The objectives of this paper are two-fold. The first is to investigate the impact of the CREZ project on market price convergence. Specifically, this paper analyzes the extent that the transmission project affected wholesale price level, variance, and difference between the regions. The second is to measure environmental benefits obtained from displacement of fossil fuel generators by wind power. The results provide a strong evidence for price convergence across the ERCOT market following the completion of the CREZ project. As well as price convergence, wholesale price level and variance are also reduced significantly. Specifically, the results show that the price difference between Houston and West which diverged up to around $100/MWh converges to zero after the project completed. The impacts are more significant during the high demand hours. The results also document significant reductions in emissions, as NOx emissions was reduced by around 4000 pounds in Texas as a whole. Effects on SO2 and CO2 are also calculated.

scholarly journals Learning Curve Analysis of Wind Power and Photovoltaics Technology in US: Cost Reduction and the Importance of Research, Development and Demonstration

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Alun Gu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Learning Curve ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Power Utility ◽  
Total Social Cost

The strategic transition from fossil energy to renewable energy is an irreversible global trend, but the pace of renewable energy deployment and the path of cost reduction are uncertain. In this paper, a two-factor learning-curve model of wind power and photovoltaics (PV) was established based on the latest empirical data from the United States, and the paths of cost reduction and corresponding social impacts were explored through scenario analysis. The results demonstrate that both of the technologies are undergoing a period of rapid development, with the learning-by-searching ratio (LSR) being greatly improved in comparison with the previous literature. Research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) have contributed to investment cost reduction in the past decade, and the cost difference between high and low RD&D spending scenarios is predicted to be 5.5%, 8.9%, and 11.27% for wind power, utility-scale PV, and residential PV, respectively, in 2030. Although higher RD&D requires more capital, it can effectively promote cost reduction, reduce the total social cost of deploying renewable energy, and reduce the abatement carbon price that is needed to promote deployment. RD&D and the institutional support behind it are of great importance in allowing renewables to penetrate the commercial market and contribute to long-term social welfare.

scholarly journals Numerical and experimental investigations of the impacts of the integration of wind energy into distribution network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ramesh Kumar Behara
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Doubly Fed ◽  
The Impact

The growing needs for electric power around the world has resulted in fossil fuel reserves to be consumed at a much faster rate. The use of these fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas have led to huge consequences on the environment, prompting the need for sustainable energy that meets the ever increasing demands for electrical power. To achieve this, there has been a huge attempt into the utilisation of renewable energy sources for power generation. In this context, wind energy has been identified as a promising, and environmentally friendly renewable energy option. Wind turbine technologies have undergone tremendous improvements in recent years for the generation of electrical power. Wind turbines based on doubly fed induction generators have attracted particular attention because of their advantages such as variable speed, constant frequency operation, reduced flicker, and independent control capabilities for maximum power point tracking, active and reactive powers. For modern power systems, wind farms are now preferably connected directly to the distribution systems because of cost benefits associated with installing wind power in the lower voltage networks. The integration of wind power into the distribution network creates potential technical challenges that need to be investigated and have mitigation measures outlined. Detailed in this study are both numerical and experimental models to investigate these potential challenges. The focus of this research is the analytical and experimental investigations in the integration of electrical power from wind energy into the distribution grid. Firstly, the study undertaken in this project was to carry out an analytical investigation into the integration of wind energy in the distribution network. Firstly, the numerical simulation was implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink software. Secondly, the experimental work, was conducted at the High Voltage Direct Centre at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. The goal of this project was to simulate and conduct experiments to evaluate the level of penetration of wind energy, predict the impact on the network, and propose how these impacts can be mitigated. From the models analysis, the effects of these challenges intensify with the increased integration of wind energy into the distribution network. The control strategies concept of the doubly fed induction generator connected wind turbine was addressed to ascertain the required control over the level of wind power penetration in the distribution network. Based on the investigation outcomes we establish that the impact on the voltage and power from the wind power integration in the power distribution system has a goal to maintain quality and balance between supply and demand.

Renewable Energy in the EU: Revision of Priorities

2014 ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
N. Kaveshnikov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Energy Policies ◽  
The Eu

The article analyses the EU policies of promoting renewable energy sources (RES), including the role of state subsidizing and the change of EU policy in 2013. First EU actions in this area were implemented in late 1990s. In mid 2000s the European Commission developed integrated approach of the encouragement of renewables. Promotion of RES was integrated with other areas of the EU energy policies in the framework of the Climate and Energy Package in 2007. The paper evaluates EU achievements and development of particular types of RES in the EU in 2000s. A comprehensive comparative analysis of the cost of different types of RES and the use of incentive measures in the European Union and EU member states is carried out. The conclusion is made that despite the impressive technological progress the renewable energy, with rare exception, is still uncompetitive with the traditional sources of energy in terms of costs. A large-scale state support was the reason for the rapid development of renewables in the EU. Article investigates distorting effects of RES subsidies on the market price of electricity. Feed-in tariffs, investment grants, quotas and tax benefits were the most widespread forms of direct and indirect RES subsidies in the EU. During the economic crisis, these subsidies have become a heavy burden for the budgets of the EU countries and population. Now the EU is modifying its strategy on RES in order to reduce the volume of subsidies. In 2013 European Council substantially changed the priorities of the EU energy policies: instead of «sustainable energy» it accentuated the need to provide a “competitive energy”. Strategic decision to reform the existing methods of RES subsidizing and to develop an «economically reasonable» support scheme was made. The reduction of subsidies will inevitably lead to a sharp reduction in the rate of growth of renewables and the failure to achieve previously agreed EU targets.

scholarly journals Impact of Electric Vehicle Charging Strategy on the Long-Term Planning of an Isolated Microgrid

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3455
Author(s):  
Jean-Michel Clairand ◽  
Carlos Álvarez-Bel ◽  
Javier Rodríguez-García ◽  
Guillermo Escrivá-Escrivá
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Power Generation Planning ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ev Charging ◽  
Charging Strategy

Isolated microgrids, such as islands, rely on fossil fuels for electricity generation and include vehicle fleets, which poses significant environmental challenges. To address this, distributed energy resources based on renewable energy and electric vehicles (EVs) have been deployed in several places. However, they present operational and planning concerns. Hence, the aim of this paper is to propose a two-level microgrid problem. The first problem considers an EV charging strategy that minimizes charging costs and maximizes the renewable energy use. The second level evaluates the impact of this charging strategy on the power generation planning of Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, Ecuador. This planning model is simulated in HOMER Energy. The results demonstrate the economic and environmental benefits of investing in additional photovoltaic (PV) generation and in the EV charging strategy. Investing in PV and smart charging for EVs could reduce the N P C by 13.58%, but a reduction in the N P C of the EV charging strategy would result in up to 3.12%.

External Network Equivalent of Wind Power Simulation for Fu Jian

2013 ◽  
Vol 385-386 ◽  
pp. 1017-1020
Author(s):  
Chuan Dong Li ◽  
Jin Jin Xu ◽  
Hou Yu He
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Transient Simulation ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Wind Power Integration ◽  
Power Simulation ◽  
Electromagnetic Transient Simulation ◽  
External Power ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, there was a rapid development of wind power. The impact of large amount of wind power integration into power system on the voltage and power quality could not be ignored. The characteristic of internal dynamics of wind turbine was complicated, as a result, it could not be simulated by electromechanical transient simulation soft (BPA). It was necessary for transformation from BPA to PSCAD which was electromagnetic transient simulation program. However, the modeling work for the external power grid was enormous and meaningless. In this paper, external network was equivalent based on the BPA data of actual grid combined with PSCAD. This method not only could simulate the influence both simple and effective, but also could establish the detailed model of the regional power grid and wind power. At the same time it has been effectively used in the analysis of wind power integration into actual wind projects of Fujian power grid which achieved very good results.

scholarly journals Harnessing Renewable Energy at Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education – A Role Model Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelakandan T.R. ◽  
Pandiyarajan V ◽  
Shasi Anand Sridharan ◽  
Nagaraj Ramrao
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Impact

Global energy demand and environmental concerns are the driving force for the use of alternative sustainable and ecofriendly renewable energy sources. Solar energy is the inexhaustible and CO2 emission free energy source worldwide. It produces significant environmental benefits in comparison to the conventional energy sources, thus contributing to the sustainable development of human activities. It produces clean and renewable power from the sun and benefits the environment without causing air and water pollution. Alternatives to fossil fuels reduce carbon foot print across the globe reducing emission of greenhouse gases and become ecofriendly. Solar power has attracted the largest share of new investments in solar energy across the world. This research article shows light on the solar energy sources developed by Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education (KARE) for the effective utilization of solar energy in the campus and its impact on the reduction in carbon foot print and also the impact of green vegetation as a source of carbon sink for an ecofriendly campus.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Return on Investment in Solar Collectors on the Example of a Household: The Case of Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Niekurzak ◽  
Ewa Kubińska-Jabcoń
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
The Impact

Background: The growing consumption is what drives the development of unsustainable energy and material-intensive production technologies that emit large quantities of pollutants into the atmosphere, water, and land. Obtaining green energy allows reduction of the interference with the environment and, consequently, fits into a sustainable energy development strategy. In order to achieve the emission targets set by the EU for Poland, it is necessary to prioritize the development of renewable energy sources (RES) technologies within the energy sector.Methods: The purpose of the study was to present the results of the research relating to the return on investment of solar collectors for single-family houses in Poland. The research was presented on the basis of the legal conditions applicable to micro installations in the light of the amendment of the RES Act, and the impact of these amendments on the aspects of such investment was determined.Results: On the basis of the constructed economic model used to assess the return on investment of increasing the area of solar collectors, it has been shown that an operating installation will bring measurable economic benefits in the form of reduction in the amount of energy purchased annually in the amount of 6,756 kWh and environmental benefits in the form of reduction of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere 2.4–3.6 Mg per year. An installation subsidized under the “My Electricity” program can reach an NPV of EUR 6,000 over 20 years at a discount rate r = 0 and assuming that the electricity is EUR 0.15/kWh. If the price rises to 0.2 EUR/kWh, the NPV will be 10,000 EUR. For the analyzed installation, the investment consisting in increasing the collector area in accordance with NPV is economically effective for the absorber area in the range of 5.6–7.6 m2 and reaches the maximum value for the absorber area of 6.6 m2, while the absorber area above 7 m2 contributes to reduce the value of the economic return on investment. The obtained results have been generalized, which allows to use them in the process of selecting the size of collector area for similar installations.Conclusion: The return on investment analysis carried out in respect of a detached house allowed to demonstrate that this project is fully justified. Furthermore, pursuant to the Renewable Energy Sources Act in force in Poland, treating a small entrepreneur as a prosumer who may generally take advantage of favorable conditions for discounting the produced energy leads to very favorable possibilities of settling electricity. Considering an entrepreneur as a prosumer who may use one-off depreciation of a solar collectors installation as a fixed asset and request for VAT refund is what makes such an investment very attractive in financial terms and makes it difficult to find a safe investment alternative characterized by such a high rate of return.

scholarly journals The Impact of Renewable Energy Generation on the Spot Market Price in Germany: Ex-Post Analysis using Boosting Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Ryota Keeley ◽  
Ken’ichi Matsumoto ◽  
Kenta Tanaka ◽  
Yogi Sugiawan ◽  
Shunsuke Managi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Spot Market ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Boosting Method ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ex Post Analysis

Low Voltage Ride through (LVRT) Control of Double-Fed Wind-Driven Generator

2012 ◽  
Vol 499 ◽  
pp. 400-404
Author(s):  
Jian Hong Zheng ◽  
Jie Feng Li ◽  
Yu Zhi Gao
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Low Voltage Ride Through ◽  
The Impact

With the rapid development of the wind power, it is no longer an isolated power system and gradually incorporated in the local power grid. However, as the increasing proportion of the installed wind power capacity in the power grid, the affection of the wind turbine to the region power system is getting heavier, which inevitably bring some new problems to the power system. The low voltage ride through (LVRT) is the direct embodiment of the power quality. In this paper, we fist analyze the impact of the voltage drop on the double-fed wind turbine. Then, a LVRT control method is proposed based on hardware realization. The detailed explanation of the proposed control method is given at last.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Financial Sector on the Development of the Industry of Renewable Energy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
Anna Baturevich ◽  
Vsevolod Spirenkov ◽  
Kseniya Stakhanova
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Total Production ◽  
The Impact

Despite the long-term economic and environmental benefits of introducing renewable energy sources (RES), they are associated with many obstacles, one of which is hindered access to finance. This article examines the impact of the level of financial development on the renewable energy industry. An econometric analysis of data for 270 countries for 1987–2016 revealed a significant positive effect of various indicators of the development of the financial sector on the total production of renewable energy sources. In particular, the important role of the size of the banking industry and the size of the private lending sector has been revealed. It also revealed a significant impact of the level of financial development on wind, solar and tidal energy, and this effect is different in developed and developing countries. This work is a logical continuation of other works on this topic. There has never been an assessment of the use of renewable energy for such a large number of countries. Significant results were obtained for various indicators of the development of the financial sector. We were able to assess the difference in the use of renewable energy sources for developed and developing countries.

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