scholarly journals Electric Powertrain Topology Analysis and Design for Heavy-Duty Trucks

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2434
Author(s):  
Frans J. R. Verbruggen ◽  
Emilia Silvas ◽  
Theo Hofman
Keyword(s):  
Road Transport ◽  
Bilevel Optimization ◽  
Electric Machines ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Total Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Cost Of Ownership ◽  
System Design Optimization ◽  
Central Drive

Powertrain system design optimization is an unexplored territory for battery electric trucks, which only recently have been seen as a feasible solution for sustainable road transport. To investigate the potential of these vehicles, in this paper, a variety of new battery electric powertrain topologies for heavy-duty trucks is studied. Thereby, topological design considerations are analyzed related to having: (a) a central or distributed drive system (individually-driven wheels); (b) a single or a multi-speed gearbox; and finally, (c) a single or multiple electric machines. For reasons of comparison, each concurrent powertrain topology is optimized using a bilevel optimization framework, incorporating both powertrain components and control design. The results show that the combined choice of powertrain topology and number of gears in the gearbox can result in a 5.6% total-cost-of-ownership variation of the vehicle and can, significantly, influence the optimal sizing of the electric machine(s). The lowest total-cost-of-ownership is achieved by a distributed topology with two electric machines and two two-speed gearboxes. Furthermore, results show that the largest average reduction in total-cost-of-ownership is achieved by choosing a distributed drive over a central drive topology (−1.0%); followed by using a two-speed gearbox over a single speed (−0.6%); and lastly, by using two electric machines over using one for the central drive topologies (−0.3%).

scholarly journals Unified Modelling Language (UML) Effect on the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for a Software Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 207-209
Author(s):  
Ahmed Altaher
Keyword(s):  
Software Maintenance ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Modelling Language ◽  
Total Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Unified Modelling Language ◽  
Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Software Product ◽  
The Cost

UML (Unfiled Modeling Language), known as the standard method for object-oriented (analysis and design) modeling, includes other languages which enables it to implement a prototype of the structure and behaviors of the product. This paper attempts to explore the observations about UML role on the cost of software maintenance, and hence on the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of a software product. It is therefore important to investigate the benefits obtained through modeling..

Total Cost of Ownership – Neue Antworten auf alte Fragen

2006 ◽  
Vol 101 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 435-439
Author(s):  
Walther Maier ◽  
Johannes Rothmund ◽  
Uwe Heisel
Keyword(s):  
Total Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Cost Of Ownership

Total Cost of Ownership-Betrachtungen von Werkzeugmaschinen

2016 ◽  
Vol 111 (12) ◽  
pp. 798-801
Author(s):  
Gisela Lanza ◽  
Volker Schulze ◽  
Farboud Bejnoud ◽  
Tom Stähr ◽  
Anne Wruck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Cost Of Ownership

Heavy Lifters, India: Towards a Circular Economy Era

2021 ◽  
pp. 097226292110435
Author(s):  
Anupama Prashar
Keyword(s):  
Operations Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Total Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The case helps students to understand the emerging concept of linear and circular economies. It facilitates to examine the implications of circular business models such as remanufacturing on operations management decisions. It also introduces them to the concept of total cost of ownership and impact of remanufacturing on reducing total cost of ownership. The cases help students to evaluate the challenges and opportunities of remanufacturing business in emerging economy like India. This case is among the first few cases on the application of circular economy principles in context of heavy-duty and off-road sector and the impact of these principles on product design and production planning and control decisions.

Der richtige Kompromiss zwischen Energieeffizienz und Variantenreduzierung

Konstruktion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (07-08) ◽  
pp. 44-47
Keyword(s):  
Total Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Cost Of Ownership

Große Intralogistikprojekte für Flughäfen oder Paketzentren müssen verschiedene konkurrierende Ansprüche unter einen Hut bringen. Nord Drivesystems setzt dabei für die Antriebstechnik auf einen umfassenden TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) -Ansatz, der sowohl den Systemintegratoren als auch den Betreibern gerecht wird. Der Schlüssel zum besten Kompromiss ist ein individuell zugeschnittenes Antriebskonzept, das nachfolgend vorgestellt wird.

Ausfallanalyse von Werkzeugmaschinen*/A reliability analysis of machine tools - Total Cost of Ownership 2.0 in relation to the application

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (07-08) ◽  
pp. 507-510
Author(s):  
T. Stähr ◽  
G. Prof. Lanza
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Lifetime Prediction ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Cost Consideration ◽  
Total Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Cost Of Ownership

Realitätsnahe Lebensdauerprognosen sind für eine ganzheitliche, betriebswirtschaftliche Kostenbetrachtung sehr wichtig. Wirtschaft und Forschung bemühen sich seit Langem, die Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) von Werkzeugmaschinen zu berücksichtigen. Eine Umfrage unter Herstellern und Betreibern von Werkzeugmaschinen analysiert Verbreitung, erwartete Potentiale sowie Hemmnisse von TCO-Betrachtungen. Anhand der Anforderungen der Branche wurde ein Modell mit Fokus auf der belastungsabhängigen Beschreibung des Ausfallverhaltens von Maschinen und Anlagen entwickelt, das in bestehende Standards eingebettet werden kann.   A realistic lifetime prediction is highly valued in a holistic economic cost consideration. For years, industry and research have endeavored to consider the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of a machine tool. A survey of manufacturers and operators of machine tools analyzes distribution, expected potential and obstacles of TCO. Based on the identified requirements, a model that can be integrated into existing standards has been developed. It focuses on failure behavior of machines and plants, taking stresses into account.

scholarly journals Effects of providing total cost of ownership information on consumers’ intent to purchase a hybrid or plug-in electric vehicle

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 71-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Dumortier ◽  
Saba Siddiki ◽  
Sanya Carley ◽  
Joshua Cisney ◽  
Rachel M. Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Total Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Intent To Purchase ◽  
Cost Of Ownership
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