scholarly journals Selected Aspects of Combustion Optimization of Coal in Power Plants

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Dzikuć ◽  
Piotr Kuryło ◽  
Rafał Dudziak ◽  
Szymon Szufa ◽  
Maria Dzikuć ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Combustion Optimization ◽  
Combustion Processes ◽  
Heating Plant

Growing ecological standards force the implementation of solutions that will contribute to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to the atmosphere. This is particularly important in Poland, whose energy system is almost 80% based on coal. In the interest of low carbon development it is worth considering the optimization of existing old coal-based power plants. The main goal of the research was to present the benefits of modernization of existing boiler equipment and to analyze the combustion process of various types of coal sorts that have a significant impact on the optimization of the production processes of energy media. An analysis of the processes occurring in boiler devices during the combustion of fuel was carried out, which had a significant impact on the quality of generated heat and electricity. The conducted research defined technological solutions for boiler structures that have a significant impact on improving the efficiency of the technological process in heating plants and the characteristics of coal as energy fuel. Practical technical and modernization solutions have been proposed that contribute to the optimization of coal combustion processes, resulting in increased energy efficiency of the heating plant.

A CROSS-MODEL COMPARISON OF GLOBAL LONG-TERM TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION UNDER A 2°C CLIMATE CHANGE CONTROL TARGET

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 1340013 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. C. VAN DER ZWAAN ◽  
H. RÖSLER ◽  
T. KOBER ◽  
T. ABOUMAHBOUB ◽  
K. V. CALVIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Cross Model

We investigate the long-term global energy technology diffusion patterns required to reach a stringent climate change target with a maximum average atmospheric temperature increase of 2°C. If the anthropogenic temperature increase is to be limited to 2°C, total CO 2 emissions have to be reduced massively, so as to reach substantial negative values during the second half of the century. Particularly power sector CO 2 emissions should become negative from around 2050 onwards according to most models used for this analysis in order to compensate for GHG emissions in other sectors where abatement is more costly. The annual additional capacity deployment intensity (expressed in GW/yr) for solar and wind energy until 2030 needs to be around that recently observed for coal-based power plants, and will have to be several times higher in the period 2030–2050. Relatively high agreement exists across models in terms of the aggregated low-carbon energy system cost requirements on the supply side until 2050, which amount to about 50 trillion US$.

scholarly journals Modernization of the Public Transport Bus Fleet in the Context of Low-Carbon Development in Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3295
Author(s):  
Maciej Dzikuć ◽  
Rafał Miśko ◽  
Szymon Szufa
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The Public ◽  
Low Carbon Development ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Excessive Noise

The development of urban transport in recent years has become one of the most important issues related to improving the quality of life in Polish cities. Excessive pollution in the form of greenhouse gases and other harmful substances from buses affects people’s health as does the excessive noise. This article analysed the measures being taken to reduce emissions, and the results showed that it is possible to reduce CO2 emissions by more than 28 thousand megagrams (Mg) per annum. Policymakers in Poland should consider limiting electricity generation through coal combustion and recognize, at least temporarily, CNG/LNG-powered buses as low-carbon rolling stock and co-finance their purchase and the necessary infrastructure.

scholarly journals A Review of Geothermal Technologies and Their Role in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
The Cost

Abstract A review of conventional, unconventional, and advanced geothermal technologies highlights just how diverse and multi-faceted the geothermal industry has become, harnessing temperatures from 7 °C to greater than 350 °C. The cost of reducing greenhouse emissions is examined in scenarios where conventional coal or combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plants are abated. In the absence of a US policy on a carbon tax, the marginal abatement cost potential of these technologies is examined within the context of the social cost of carbon (SCC). The analysis highlights that existing geothermal heat and power technologies and emerging advanced closed-loop applications could deliver substantial cost-efficient baseload energy, leading to the long-term decarbonization. When considering an SCC of $25, in a 2025 development scenario, geothermal technologies ideally need to operate with full life cycle assessment (FLCA) emissions, lower than 50 kg(CO2)/MWh, and aim to be within the cost range of $30−60/MWh. At these costs and emissions, geothermal can provide a cost-competitive low-carbon, flexible, baseload energy that could replace existing coal and CCGT providing a significant long-term reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study confirms that geothermally derived heat and power would be well positioned within a diverse low-carbon energy portfolio. The analysis presented here suggests that policy and regulatory bodies should, if serious about lowering carbon emissions from the current energy infrastructure, consider increasing incentives for geothermal energy development.

Producción de biogás desde residuos urbanos en Rio de Janeiro

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Anaide Ferraço
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Energy ◽  
Selection Of

With the current consensus about the need to decarbonise the energy system to decrease its GHG emissions in order to mitigate global warming, biogas has been growing worldwide as a low carbon energy alternative. Biogas originates from the biological breakdown of organic materials. This process happens in landll sites when organic waste decomposes and produces what is known as landll gas. In compliance with the Brazilian National Policy on Solid Waste, in 2012 Jardim Gramacho landll, was closed, leaving a poll of 1,700 scavengers without their livelihood. De dump was not only important for those workers but also for approximately 12,000 inhabitants depending directly or indirectly from the waste picking activities. After de closure, a biogas plant was built on the site to collect and process methane originated in the old dump. This enterprise presented environmental improvements to the region. However, the residents who worked on the selection of recycling materials were left without a source of income. Up to now not enough public policies were implemented to ensure livelihood improvements to the waste pickers and inhabitants of Jardim Gramacho district.

scholarly journals Review of the investigations of pulverized coal combustion processes in large power plants in laboratory for thermal engineering and energy: Part B

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (Suppl. 5) ◽  
pp. 1611-1626
Author(s):  
Predrag Stefanovic ◽  
Dejan Cvetinovic ◽  
Zoran Markovic ◽  
Milic Eric ◽  
Simeon Oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Pulverized Coal Combustion ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Combustion Processes

Paper presents short review of research problems, applied methods for solving problems and main results obtained by the researchers in Laboratory for Thermal Engineering and Energy (LTE) of the "Vinca" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia dealing with pulverized coal combustion processes and technologies for reduction of pollutions problems at thermal power plants in a period since 2000. The presented results were published in numerous studies realized for different users, Ph. D., Masters, and Specialist thesis, in international and domestic scientific journals and monographs, presented at numerous international and domestic scientific conferences, etc. Presented research projects and results of applied research projects realized at pulverized coal combustion thermal power plants clearly show that LTE team was involved in key activities of rehabilitation and modernization, including implementation of best available technologies for pollution reduction at thermal power plants, in the region of South East Europe.

scholarly journals CFD analysis of the combustion in the BERL burner fueled with a hydrogen-natural gas mixture

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 10002
Author(s):  
Tommaso Capurso ◽  
Vito Ceglie ◽  
Francesco Fornarelli ◽  
Marco Torresi ◽  
Sergio M. Camporeale
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Radial Temperature ◽  
The Impact

The regulatory restrictions, currently acting, impose a significant reduction of the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. After the coal-to-gas transition of the last decades, the fossil fuel-to-renewables switching is the current perspective. However, the variability of energy production related to Renewable Energy Sources requires the fundamental contribution of thermal power plants in order to guaranty the grid stability. Moving toward a low-carbon society, the industry is looking at a reduction of high carbon content fuels, pointing to Natural Gas (NG) and more recently to hydrogen-NG mixtures. In this scenario, a preliminary study of the BERL swirled stabilized burner is carried out in order to understand the impact of blending natural gas with hydrogen on the flame morphology and CO emissions. Preliminary 3D CFD simulations have been run with the purpose to assess the best combination of combustion model (Non Premixed and Partially Premixed Falmelets), turbulence model (Realizable k ɛ and the Reynolds Stress equation model) and chemical kinetic mechanism (GriMech3.0, GriMech 1.2 and Frassoldati). The numerical results of the BERL burner fueled with natural gas have been compared with experimental data in terms of flow patterns, radial temperature profiles, O2, CO and CO2 concentrations. Finally, a 30% hydrogen in natural gas mixture has been considered, keeping fixed the thermal power output of the burner and the global equivalence ratio.

scholarly journals Multi-Scenario Analysis of Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions: The Case of Hebei Province in China

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Li ◽  
Jingying Fu ◽  
Gang Lin ◽  
Dong Jiang ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Structure Optimization ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Reference Scenario ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The Impact

In view of the complexity of the energy system and its complex relationship with socio-economic factors, this study adopts the Long-range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) model, a technology-based, bottom-up approach, scenario-based analysis, to develop a systematic analysis of the current and future energy consumption, supply and associated Green House Gas (GHG) emissions from 2015 to 2050. The impact of various energy policies on the energy system in Hebei Province was analysed by considering four scenarios: a Reference Scenario (REF), Industrial Structure Optimization Scenario (ISO), Terminal Consumption Structure Optimization Scenario (TOS) and Low-carbon Development Scenario (LCD). By designing strategic policies from the perspective of industrial adjustment, aggressive energy structure policies and measures, such as the ISO and the TOS, and even more aggressive options, such as the LCD, where the percentage of cleaner alternative energy sources has been further increased, it has been indicated that energy consumption will have increased from 321.618 million tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce) in 2015 to 784.88 Mtce in 2050 in the REF, with a corresponding increase in GHG emissions from 920.56 million metric tonnes (Mt) to 2262.81 Mt. In contrast, the more aggressive policies and strategies involved in the LCD, which combines the ISO with the policy-oriented TOS, can lower energy consumption by 50.82% and CO2 emissions by 64.26%. The results shed light on whether and how these scenarios can shape the energy-carbon emission reduction trajectories and develop the low-carbon pathways in Hebei Province.

Pressurised Oxy-Coal Combustion Rankine-Cycle for Future Zero Emission Power Plants: Technological Issues

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gazzino ◽  
Giovanni Riccio ◽  
Nicola Rossi ◽  
Giancarlo Benelli
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Step ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
Zero Emission

Among possible options to capture carbon dioxide, pressurised oxy-fuel combustion is a promising one. Accordingly, Enel teamed with Itea and Enea to develop a pressurised oxy-combustion technology. Currently, extensive tests have been carried out at 4 bar on a 5 MWt facility based in Gioia del Colle (Southern Italy). By starting from the know-how gained on that scale, Enel planned to build by 2010 an experimental 48 MWt demo-plant, based on the same pressurised combustion process introduced above. This will be the necessary intermediate step for the further scale-up towards a zero emission plant of industrial scale. This paper is the prosecution of a previous publication presenting the process design and energy analysis of a power cycle integrating the developed pressurised oxy-coal combustion technology with a Rankine cycle including carbon capture. After having briefly presented the pressurised oxycombustion project carried out at Enel, the paper focuses on technology issues related to the proposed cycle and the related process integration, with respect to main components.

Chemical Intervention Combustion and Applications in Coal Saving and Reducing Emissions

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1106-1112
Author(s):  
Da Wei Hu ◽  
Yan Min Wang ◽  
Ai Zhi Yu
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource

Coal as the world's most widely used fossil fuels, during the combustion process large amounts of greenhouse gas emission, which has a huge impact on global climate warming. However, coal is a nonrenewable resource, and the energy conservation is imperative. This paper, through analyzed the essential of coal combustion, and the feasibility and means for coal saving by using chemical intervention combustion. After tested the practical effects of chemical intervention coal combustion catalyst, which provided by Guangzhou Fenfang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. The results shown, the as received basis net calorific value at constant volume of the selected coal sample improved 8% which was tested by an oxygen bomb calorimeter, almost 1/6 sulfur was fixed in the cinder and the practical application coal saving effects in new dry rotary kilns and thermal power plants were more than 6%. Therefore, the chemical intervention combustion method has important significance in research and practical for coal saving and reducing emissions of pollutants.

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