scholarly journals Economic Assessment of Cogeneration Systems in Operation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Papadimitriou ◽  
Vassilios Vassiliou ◽  
Kalliopi Tataraki ◽  
Eugenia Giannini ◽  
Zacharias Maroulis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Operating Performance ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Combined Cooling

A systematic method to evaluate the economic operating performance of existing combined heat and power (CHP) or combined cooling heat and power (CCHP) generation systems is applied. Two key performance indicators are selected to evaluate both the technical and the economic performance, based on operating recording data; the capacity factor and the capital recovery. The case study for eight projects in Athens is presented with the purpose to reveal the current situation of CHP in Greece and identify reasons that are hindering its penetration. Interesting conclusions were reached from the analysis. Only two out of the eight projects managed to achieve the break-even point in less than four years since the beginning of their operation, while oversizing phenomena were noticed in many cases leading in extremely low capacity factors.

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Economic Efficiency of Living and Artificial Snowfence Designs for Road Protection

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Daigneault ◽  
David R. Betters
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Drifting Snow ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Benefit Cost

Abstract Both artificial and living snowfences are used to protect roads from blowing and drifting snow. This article evaluates and compares the economic performance of three snowfence designs--the Wyoming and double-row slatted artificial snowfences and a three-row living snowfence. The economic analysis evaluates the snowfences by applying four economic performance indicators: total net benefits, present net value, benefit/cost ratio, and annual breakeven benefits. The study uses snow removal savings and accident reduction benefit information from a case study in the state of Wyoming. The case study results show all the designs are economically efficient when used for road protection. However, the living snowfence outperformed the other designs in three of the four economic performance indicator categories. The largest proportion of total costs of the Wyoming and living snowfence are establishment costs whereas the bulk of total cost of the double-row slatted snowfence is for maintenance. The economic performance of all the snowfences is most sensitive to changes in their useful or effective lives. The procedures and general conclusions of the study can be applied to similar cases elsewhere. West. J. Appl. For. 15(2):70-74.

scholarly journals Environmental and Economic Assessment of Castor Oil Supply Chain: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Pari ◽  
Alessandro Suardi ◽  
Walter Stefanoni ◽  
Francesco Latterini ◽  
Nadia Palmieri
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Press Cake ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
By Products

Among the species currently cultivated for industrial vegetable oil production, castor could be a good candidate for future investments due to the good resistance to pests, tolerance to drought, and suitability for marginal lands cultivation. In addition, the production of castor oil from Ricinus generates a large quantity of press cake, husks, and crop residues that, in a framework of bioeconomy, could be used as by-products for different purposes. Using a case study approach, the work presents results of the environmental impact assessment and economic feasibility of the production of castor oil from two different castor hybrids comparing four by-products management scenarios and two harvesting systems (manual vs. mechanical). Castor hybrid C-856 harvested manually and that involved only the soil incorporation of press cake obtained by the oil extraction resulted as the most sustainable. The hybrid C-1030 resulted as more profitable than C-856 when harvested with the combine harvester. The ratio between gross margin and GWP emissions was applied to calculate the economic performance (gross margin) per unit of environmental burden. Findings showed that Sc1B scenario in case of C-856 cultivar hybrid had a better ratio between economic performance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emitted into the atmosphere (€3.75 per kg CO2eq).

Biorefinery implementation for recovery debottlenecking at existing pulp mills- Part II: Techno-economic evaluation

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAKIM GHEZZAZ ◽  
LUC PELLETIER ◽  
PAUL R. STUART
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Precipitation Process

The evaluation and process risk assessment of (a) lignin precipitation from black liquor, and (b) the near-neutral hemicellulose pre-extraction for recovery boiler debottlenecking in an existing pulp mill is presented in Part I of this paper, which was published in the July 2012 issue of TAPPI Journal. In Part II, the economic assessment of the two biorefinery process options is presented and interpreted. A mill process model was developed using WinGEMS software and used for calculating the mass and energy balances. Investment costs, operating costs, and profitability of the two biorefinery options have been calculated using standard cost estimation methods. The results show that the two biorefinery options are profitable for the case study mill and effective at process debottlenecking. The after-tax internal rate of return (IRR) of the lignin precipitation process option was estimated to be 95%, while that of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process option was 28%. Sensitivity analysis showed that the after tax-IRR of the lignin precipitation process remains higher than that of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process option, for all changes in the selected sensitivity parameters. If we consider the after-tax IRR, as well as capital cost, as selection criteria, the results show that for the case study mill, the lignin precipitation process is more promising than the near-neutral hemicellulose pre-extraction process. However, the comparison between the two biorefinery options should include long-term evaluation criteria. The potential of high value-added products that could be produced from lignin in the case of the lignin precipitation process, or from ethanol and acetic acid in the case of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process, should also be considered in the selection of the most promising process option.

SME’s Performance Through Comparative Performance Indicators, Measured by Business Statistics- Albania Case

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Godiva Rembeci
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Productivity Measurement ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Global Consensus ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Business Statistics ◽  
National Economies

Now days there is a global consensus among all stakeholders that SMEs represent a driving force to the overall economic development, due to their significant contribution both on GDP and employment of national economies. SMEs also by numbers dominate the world business stage, although their contribution does vary among the countries. SMEs in Albania represents about 98% of the total enterprises with a contribution to national GDP for about 70%. The structure and the performance of national economy is depended very much on the economic performance and contribution of SME, that’s why most of the governments have strategic programmes which support the SME’s development. To measure SMEs’ performance and their ability to compete on national and international markets requires a lot of information in all aspects. Through this paper the author aims to measure and analyze the economic performance of SMEs operating in Albania. To achieve this objective, official data on business statistics published by national the statistical office (INSTAT) are used for two years period 2014-2015. In addition using an international framework addressed to the objective “improve the techniques for SMEs productivity measurement”, for the first time, a set of comparative performance indicators is established and in doing so, those results can be used as term of reference in future research activities in SMEs sector. From the results it came out that although the positive growth rate of GDP during the last years , the performance indicators of SMEs show a slightly negative trend, indicating indirectly the need for support, in order to empower their contribution in national economy.

Research the Mutual Influence of Indicators in Innovation Planning at Enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 192-198
Author(s):  
M. S. Kuz’min
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Innovation Planning

The author analyzes the innovation development programs of 11 Russian companies with state participation and state corporations and compares the achieved results with innovation development plans. The results of the analysis show that the existing relationships between the performance indicators of the companies’ innovation activity for 2014–2016 are not considered or reflected in the programs of innovation development until 2020. This study indicates the causes of the current situation and proposes directions for improving the efficiency of innovation development planning.Aim. The study aims to examine the mutual influence of indicators in innovation planning at enterprises.Tasks. The author analyzes the existing innovation development programs of large state-owned companies and the correlation between the performance indicators of innovation activity, assesses the actual results of the implementation of innovation development programs for 2014–2016 and the validity of the planned indicators of innovation development until 2020.Methods. This study uses the methods of systems and correlation-regression analysis.Results. The analysis shows that the actual relationships between the performance indicators of the companies’ innovation activity for 2014–2016 are not considered or reflected in the programs of innovation development until 2020. This study indicates the causes of the current situation and proposes directions for improving the efficiency of innovation development planning. A matrix for determining problem situations in innovation development planning is developed.Conclusions. The actual relationships between the indicators that characterize many aspects of innovation development at various stages of the innovation life cycle are not fully considered in the planning of innovation development. The conducted study confirms a formal approach to estimating the target values of the examined indicators, which disregards the actual relationships between them. The outcome of this can be seen in the programs of innovation development until 2020 developed by corporations. It is possible to make allowance for the actual relationships in the planning of the target values of innovation development indicators by using the methods and tools of dynamic modeling.

scholarly journals Modelling Sustainable Industrial Symbiosis

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1172
Author(s):  
Hafiz Haq ◽  
Petri Välisuo ◽  
Seppo Niemi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Network Connections

Industrial symbiosis networks conventionally provide economic and environmental benefits to participating industries. However, most studies have failed to quantify waste management solutions and identify network connections in addition to methodological variation of assessments. This study provides a comprehensive model to conduct sustainable study of industrial symbiosis, which includes identification of network connections, life cycle assessment of materials, economic assessment, and environmental performance using standard guidelines from the literature. Additionally, a case study of industrial symbiosis network from Sodankylä region of Finland is implemented. Results projected an estimated life cycle cost of €115.20 million. The symbiotic environment would save €6.42 million in waste management cost to the business participants in addition to the projected environmental impact of 0.95 million tonne of CO2, 339.80 tonne of CH4, and 18.20 tonne of N2O. The potential of further cost saving with presented optimal assessment in the current architecture is forecast at €0.63 million every year.

scholarly journals A Framework for Assessing Commitment Indicators in Sustainable Development Decisions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5234
Author(s):  
Mustafa S. Al-Tekreeti ◽  
Salwa M. Beheiry ◽  
Vian Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Capital Projects ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Corporate Leaders ◽  
Corporate Decisions ◽  
Waste Energy ◽  
Infrastructure Project

Numerous decision support systems have been developed to address the decision-making process in organizations. However, there are no developed mechanisms to track commitment down the line to the decisions made by corporate leaders. This paper is a portion of a study that establishes a framework for a comprehensive metric system to assess commitment to Sustainable Development (SD) decisions down the line in capital projects, and sets the groundwork for further development of performance indicators for SD outcomes. This ultimately leads to investigating the relationship between commitment to corporate decisions and better project performance in SD parameters. Hence, this study explores the literature to extract relevant parameters that reflect the degree of the project participants’ commitment to SD decisions and to develop commitment indicators. The study created then validated an index to track this commitment along the project stages: the Sustainable Development Commitment Tracking Tool (SDCTT). The SDCTT was tested on an infrastructure project case study. In this paper, techniques relevant to the first stage of projects (planning and definition) are presented. The SDCTT is the groundwork for the future development of performance indicators for SD outcomes, and within the postulated model should ultimately contribute towards reducing project waste, energy use, and carbon emissions.

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