scholarly journals Developing Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy for Advanced Hybrid System-II Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2033
Author(s):  
Hsiu-Ying Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy

Compared with conventional vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have the advantage of high-energy conversion efficiency, which can have better fuel economy and lower emissions. The main issue of HEVs is how to develop an energy management strategy to achieve significantly better fuel efficiency. In this research, the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) was applied to optimize the performance of fuel consumption in the Advanced Hybrid System-II (AHS-II). Based on FTP-75 Test Procedure defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), a backward simulation module was established. The baseline simulation module with the rule-based control strategy was validated with the original fuel consumption data. Then, the module with ECMS followed the same control rules of engine on/off and mode selection, and the fuel consumption of ECMS was compared with the simulation results of the baseline model. The fuel economy improvements of ECMS in urban, highway driving pattern, and composite fuel economy were up to 8.5%, 7.7%, and 8.1%, respectively. The simulation results showed that the difference of motors’ working efficiency was only 1.2% between ECMS and baseline rule-based control strategies. The main reason of fuel consumption improvement was the engine operation chosen by ECMS, which provided better power distribution.

An adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy considering catalyst temperature for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110434
Author(s):  
Tao Deng ◽  
Ke Zhao ◽  
Haoyuan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Catalyst Temperature ◽  
Equivalent Factor ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy

In the process of sufficiently considering fuel economy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), the working time of engine will be reduced accordingly. The increased frequency that the three-way catalytic converter (TWCC) works in abnormal operating temperature will lead to the increasing of emissions. This paper proposes the equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) to ensure the catalyst temperature of PHEV can work in highly efficient areas, and the influence of catalyst temperature on fuel economy and emissions is considered. The simulation results show that the fixed equivalent factor of ECMS has great limitations for the underutilized battery power and the poor fuel economy. In order to further reduce fuel consumption and keep the emission unchanged, an equivalent factor map based on initial state of charge (SOC) and vehicle mileage is established by the genetic algorithm. Furthermore, an Adaptive changing equivalent factor is achieved by using the following strategy of SOC trajectory. Ultimately, adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (A-ECMS) considering catalyst temperature is proposed. The simulation results show that compared with ordinary ECMS, HC, CO, and NOX are reduced by 14.6%, 20.3%, and 25.8%, respectively, which effectively reduces emissions. But the fuel consumption is increased by only 2.3%. To show that the proposed method can be used in actual driving conditions, it is tested on the World Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTC).

Design and Simulation of Power System for Hybrid Sweeper Truck

2013 ◽  
Vol 389 ◽  
pp. 435-440
Author(s):  
Bing Li Zhang ◽  
Lun Zhen Wang ◽  
Fu Bin Xiao ◽  
Xin Ying Ou
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Power System ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
And Control

A hybrid system scheme was designed for the sweeper truck, to solve the problems of high fuel consumption and poor emission performance of traditional sweeper. The control strategy was determined for the hybrid power system. The simulation model of hybrid sweeper truck was built with Matlab/Simulink, and off-line simulation was completed to verify the power system scheme and control strategy, the simulation results indicate that the hybrid sweep truck can realize functions of sweeper and improve the fuel economy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Modified Equivalent Fuel-Consumption Minimization Strategy Considering Engine Start Frequency and Battery Parameters for a Plugin Hybrid Two-Wheeler

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3122
Author(s):  
Naga Kavitha Kommuri ◽  
Andrew McGordon ◽  
Antony Allen ◽  
Dinh Quang Truong
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Equivalent Fuel ◽  
Equivalent Fuel Consumption ◽  
Two Wheeler

An appropriate energy management strategy is essential to enhance the performance of hybrid electric vehicles. A novel modified equivalent fuel-consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) is developed considering the engine operating point deviation from the optimum operating line. This paper focuses on an all-inclusive evaluation of this modified ECMS with other state-of-art energy management strategies concerning battery ageing, engine switching along with fuel economy and charge sustenance. The simulation-based results of a hybrid two-wheeler concept are analysed, which shows that the modified ECMS offers the highest benefit compared to rule-based controllers concerning fuel economy and reduction in engine switching events. However, the improvement in fuel economy using modified ECMS has significant negative potential effects on critical battery parameters influencing battery ageing. The results are analysed and found consistent for two different drive cycles and three different powertrain component configurations. The results show a significant reduction in fuel consumption of up to 21.18% and a reduction in engine switching events of up to 55% with modified ECMS when compared with rule-based strategies. However, there is a significant increase in battery temperature by 31% and battery throughput by 378%, which plays a major role in accelerating battery ageing. This paper emphasizes the need to consider battery-ageing parameters along with other control objectives for a robust assessment of energy management strategies. This study helps in laying down a foundation for future improvements in energy management development and it also aids in establishing a basis for comparing energy management controllers.

scholarly journals Adaptive Rule-Based Energy Management Strategy for a Parallel HEV

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 4472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishikesh Mahesh Bagwe ◽  
Andy Byerly ◽  
Euzeli Cipriano dos Santos ◽  
Ben-Miled
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Map

This paper proposes an Adaptive Rule-Based Energy Management Strategy (ARBS EMS) for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). The aim of the strategy is to facilitate the aftermarket hybridization of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. ARBS can be deployed online to optimize fuel consumption without any detailed knowledge of the engine efficiency map of the vehicle or the entire duty cycle. The proposed strategy improves upon the established Preliminary Rule-Based Strategy (PRBS), which has been adopted in commercial vehicles, by dynamically adjusting the regions of operations of the engine and the motor. It prevents the engine from operating in highly inefficient regions while reducing the total equivalent fuel consumption of the vehicle. Using an HEV model developed in Simulink®, both the proposed ARBS and the established PRBS strategies are compared over an extended duty cycle consisting of both urban and highway segments. The results show that ARBS can achieve high MPGe with different thresholds for the boundary between the motor region and the engine region. In contrast, PRBS can achieve high MPGe only if this boundary is carefully established from the engine efficiency map. This difference between the two strategies makes the ARBS particularly suitable for aftermarket hybridization where full knowledge of the engine efficiency map may not be available.

Rule-Based Alternator Control Using Predicted Velocity for Energy Management Strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaewook Shin ◽  
Haksu Kim ◽  
Seungeon Baek ◽  
Myoungho Sunwoo ◽  
Manbae Han
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Pi Control ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Rule Based

AbstractThe market concern of improvement of vehicle safety and its convenience to drive a vehicle has resulted in the growth of the demand for vehicular electronic equipment. This trend requires additional power in the vehicle and thus makes prone to the increase of fuel consumption for vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines. To minimize this fuel consumption, an efficient energy management (EM) strategy for the electrical system of alternator and battery is required. This paper proposes a successful EM strategy based on the rule-based alternator control using predictive information. The proposed strategy reduces fuel consumption by charging batteries using the residual kinetic energy during deceleration. In particular, we predict electrical energy that is recovered by the residual energy using a Markov chain-based velocity prediction algorithm. The accommodation of predicted electrical energy and current vehicle information determines one of the three predefined control modes, such as charge, hold, and discharge, depending on vehicle driving states. This control mode determines the power generation from the alternator and controls the amount of torque to the vehicle electrical system. The proposed strategy is verified through simulation and experiment. The simulation with the new EM strategy is validated as comparing the operation difference with a conventional proportional-integral (PI) control algorithm under the same driver behaviors. Further validation in real vehicle driving experiment shows that fuel consumption was reduced by 2.1% compared to the conventional PI control algorithm.

Simulink on Hydraulic System of Engineering Vehicle

2012 ◽  
Vol 201-202 ◽  
pp. 499-502
Author(s):  
Zhong Yun Qiao ◽  
Fu Zhou Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Mode Switching ◽  
Energy Control ◽  
Simulation Results

Traditional energy saving methods for engineering vehicle cannot raise the effect on a large scale if there are no major technology breakthrough. Hybrid system has the potential of improving fuel economy by operating the engine in an optimum efficiency range and it has been successfully applied in engineering vehicles. So equipping engineering vehicle with the hybrid system provides a new way to achieve energy savings. Simulation results of vehicles based on backward modelling shows that the energy control strategy can achieve a variety of reasonable operating mode switching and meet the vehicle at power.

Simulation and Analysis of the Hybrid Bus Performance Based on AVL-Cruise

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 1221-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Yu ◽  
Chang Qing Song ◽  
Lu Yan Fan ◽  
Hao Qin
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Hybrid Vehicle ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Hybrid Bus ◽  
Avl Cruise ◽  
Fuel Consumption And Emissions

Recently, due to the reduction of oil and the deterioration of environment, people raised higher request for fuel economy and emissions, hybrid vehicle developed rapidly in most countries because of its low fuel consumption and emissions. In order to develop appropriate hybrid system, the text builds the model of prototype bus in the AVL-Cruise platform first, and then, establishes the model of PHB and accomplishes the control strategy of vehicle in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The simulation data indicates: PHB can improve the fuel economy and emission performance effectively with guaranteeing a good dynamic performance of bus.

scholarly journals Energy Management Strategy Using Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fazhan Tao ◽  
Longlong Zhu ◽  
Baofeng Ji ◽  
Pengju Si ◽  
Zhumu Fu
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy ◽  
Frequency Power

In this paper, an energy management strategy for electric vehicles equipped with fuel cell (FC), battery (BAT), and supercapacitor (SC) is considered, aiming at improving the whole performance under a framework of vehicle to network application. In detail, based on wavelet transform and equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS), the demand power of vehicles is optimized to enhance the lifespan of fuel cell, fuel economy, and dynamic performance of electric vehicles. The wavelet transform is used to separate the high-frequency power in order to provide a peak power and recycle the braking energy. The equivalent consumption minimization strategy is used to distribute the low-frequency power to fuel cell and battery for minimizing the hydrogen consumption. Obtained results are studied using an advanced vehicle simulator, and its effectiveness of the strategy is confirmed, which provides a fundamental control method for the IOV application.

Power Optimization of Series Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain for Compact Wheel Loader

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qunya Wen ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Bing Xu ◽  
Zongxuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Power Optimization ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Powertrain ◽  
Wheel Loader ◽  
Hydraulic Hybrid ◽  
Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy

Abstract As an effective approach to improving the fuel economy of heavy duty vehicles, hydraulic hybrid has shown great potentials in off-road applications. Although the fuel economy improvement is achieved through different hybrid architectures (parallel, series and power split), the energy management strategy is still the key to hydraulic hybrid powertrain. Different optimization methods provide powerful tools for energy management strategy of hybrid powertrain. In this paper a power optimization method based on equivalent consumption minimization strategy has been proposed for a series hydraulic hybrid wheel loader. To show the fuel saving potential of the proposed strategy, the fuel consumption of the hydraulic hybrid wheel loader with equivalent consumption minimization strategy was investigated and compared with the system with a rule-based strategy. The parameter study of the equivalent consumption minimization strategy has also been conducted.

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