scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Development Possibilities of Distribution Grid State Forecasts

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1891
Author(s):  
Jessica Hermanns ◽  
Marcel Modemann ◽  
Kamil Korotkiewicz ◽  
Frederik Paulat ◽  
Kevin Kotthaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Renewable Energy Systems ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Distribution Grids ◽  
Base Load

The number of renewable energy systems is still increasing. To reduce the worldwide CO2 emissions, there will be even more challenges in the distribution grids like currently upcoming charging stations or heat pumps. All these new electric systems in the low voltage (LV) and medium voltage (MV) levels are characterized by an unsteady behavior. To monitor and predict the behavior of these new flexible systems, a grid state forecast is needed. This software tool calculates wind, photovoltaic, and load forecasts. These power forecasts are already in the focus of research, but there are some specific use cases, which require a more specific solution. To get a variously applicable software tool, different new functions to improve an already existing grid state forecast tool were developed and evaluated. For example, it will be proofed if a grid state forecast tool can be improved by calculating the number or the base load of the loads in grid areas by just one available measurement. Another big subject exists in the exchange of forecast information between different voltage levels. How this can be realized and how big the effect on the forecast quality is, will be analyzed. The results of these evaluations will be shown in this paper.

scholarly journals New Dispatching Paradigm in Power Systems Including EV Charging Stations and Dispersed Generation: A Real Test Case

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 944
Author(s):  
Fabio Cazzato ◽  
Marco Di Clerico ◽  
Maria Carmen Falvo ◽  
Simone Ferrero ◽  
Marco Vivian
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Distribution Grids

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are becoming one of the main answers to the decarbonization of the transport sector and Renewable Energy Sources (RES) to the decarbonization of the electricity production sector. Nevertheless, their impact on the electric grids cannot be neglected. New paradigms for the management of the grids where they are connected, which are typically distribution grids in Medium Voltage (MV) and Low Voltage (LV), are necessary. A reform of dispatching rules, including the management of distribution grids and the resources there connected, is in progress in Europe. In this paper, a new paradigm linked to the design of reform is proposed and then tested, in reference to a real distribution grid, operated by the main Italian Distribution System Operator (DSO), e-distribuzione. First, in reference to suitable future scenarios of spread of RES-based power plants and EVs charging stations (EVCS), using Power Flow (PF) models, a check of the operation of the distribution grid, in reference to the usual rules of management, is made. Second, a new dispatching model, involving DSO and the resources connected to its grids, is tested, using an Optimal Power Flow (OPF) algorithm. Results show that the new paradigm of dispatching can effectively be useful for preventing some operation problems of the distribution grids.

scholarly journals Improving PV Resilience by Dynamic Reconfiguration in Distribution Grids: Problem Complexity and Computation Requirements

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Filipe F. C. Silva ◽  
Pedro M. S. Carvalho ◽  
Luís A. F. M. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Dynamic Reconfiguration ◽  
Scheduling Problem ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Classical Computing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Distribution Grids

The dissemination of low-carbon technologies, such as urban photovoltaic distributed generation, imposes new challenges to the operation of distribution grids. Distributed generation may introduce significant net-load asymmetries between feeders in the course of the day, resulting in higher losses. The dynamic reconfiguration of the grid could mitigate daily losses and be used to minimize or defer the need for network reinforcement. Yet, dynamic reconfiguration has to be carried out in near real-time in order to make use of the most updated load and generation forecast, this way maximizing operational benefits. Given the need to quickly find and update reconfiguration decisions, the computational complexity of the underlying optimal scheduling problem is studied in this paper. The problem is formulated and the impact of sub-optimal solutions is illustrated using a real medium-voltage distribution grid operated under a heavy generation scenario. The complexity of the scheduling problem is discussed to conclude that its optimal solution is infeasible in practical terms if relying upon classical computing. Quantum computing is finally proposed as a way to handle this kind of problem in the future.

scholarly journals Impact of Solar Panel Orientation on the Integration of Solar Energy in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joannes I. Laveyne ◽  
Dimitar Bozalakov ◽  
Greet Van Eetvelde ◽  
Lieven Vandevelde
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Voltage Balance ◽  
Residential Distribution ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Distribution Grids

In Belgium, and many other countries, rooftop solar panels are becoming a ubiquitous form of decentralised energy production. The increasing share of these distributed installations however imposes many challenges on the operators of the low-voltage distribution grid. They must keep the voltage levels and voltage balance on their grids in check and are often regulatory required to provide sufficient reception capacity for new power producing installations. By placing solar panels in different inclinations and azimuth angles, power production profiles can possibly be shifted to align more with residential power consumption profiles. In this article, it is investigated if the orientation of solar panels can have a mitigating impact on the integration problems on residential low voltage distribution grids. An improved simulation model of a solar panel installation is constructed, which is used to simulate the impact on a residential distribution grid. To stay as close to real-life conditions as possible, real irradiation data and a model of an existing grid are used. Both the developed model as the results on grid impact are evaluated.

scholarly journals A Horizon Optimization Control Framework for the Coordinated Operation of Multiple Distributed Energy Resources in Low Voltage Distribution Networks

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Kotsalos ◽  
Ismael Miranda ◽  
Nuno Silva ◽  
Helder Leite
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Control Framework ◽  
Optimization Control

In recent years, the installation of residential Distributed Energy Resources (DER) that produce (mainly rooftop photovoltaics usually bundled with battery system) or consume (electric heat pumps, controllable loads, electric vehicles) electric power is continuously increasing in Low Voltage (LV) distribution networks. Several technical challenges may arise through the massive integration of DER, which have to be addressed by the distribution grid operator. However, DER can provide certain degree of flexibility to the operation of distribution grids, which is generally performed with temporal shifting of energy to be consumed or injected. This work advances a horizon optimization control framework which aims to efficiently schedule the LV network’s operation in day-ahead scale coordinating multiple DER. The main objectives of the proposed control is to ensure secure LV grid operation in the sense of admissible voltage bounds and rated loading conditions for the secondary transformer. The proposed methodology leans on a multi-period three-phase Optimal Power Flow (OPF) addressed as a nonlinear optimization problem. The resulting horizon control scheme is validated within an LV distribution network through multiple case scenarios with high microgeneration and electric vehicle integration providing admissible voltage limits and avoiding unnecessary active power curtailments.

scholarly journals Experimental Validation and Deployment of Observability Applications for Monitoring of Low-Voltage Distribution Grids

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 5770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Nainar ◽  
Catalin Iosif Ciontea ◽  
Kamal Shahid ◽  
Florin Iov ◽  
Rasmus Løvenstein Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Grid Voltage ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
Field Deployment ◽  
Distribution Grids

Future distribution grids will be subjected to fluctuations in voltages and power flows due to the presence of renewable sources with intermittent power generation. The advanced smart metering infrastructure (AMI) enables the distribution system operators (DSOs) to measure and analyze electrical quantities such as voltages, currents and power at each customer connection point. Various smart grid applications can make use of the AMI data either in offline or close to real-time mode to assess the grid voltage conditions and estimate losses in the lines/cables. The outputs of these applications can enable DSOs to take corrective action and make a proper plan for grid upgrades. In this paper, the process of development and deployment of applications for improving the observability of distributions grids is described, which consists of the novel deployment framework that encompasses the proposition of data collection, communication to the servers, data storage, and data visualization. This paper discussed the development of two observability applications for grid monitoring and loss calculation, their validation in a laboratory setup, and their field deployment. A representative distribution grid in Denmark is chosen for the study using an OPAL-RT real-time simulator. The results of the experimental studies show that the proposed applications have high accuracy in estimating grid voltage magnitudes and active energy losses. Further, the field deployment of the applications prove that DSOs can gain insightful information about their grids and use them for planning purposes.

scholarly journals The contribution of distributed flexibility potentials to corrective transmission system operation for strongly renewable energy systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Till Kolster ◽  
Rainer Krebs ◽  
Stefan Niessen ◽  
Mathias Duckheim
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Renewable Energy Systems ◽  
Flexibility Options ◽  
Distribution Grids

<div>Corrective transmission system operation can help integrate more renewable energy sources and save redispatch costs by providing a higher utilization of the power grid.</div><div>However, reliable and fast provision of flexibility are key to achieve corrective operation. <br></div><div>This work develops a new method to determine if flexibility from distribution grids is available on transmission corridors when needed. An analysis of the German energy system in the year 2030 is performed to estimate the potential of different flexibility options and shows the potential flexibility distribution systems can contribute to a corrective transmission system operation.<br> </div>

Impact of Utilizing PV Surplus Electricity on CO2 Emissions From the Residential Energy Systems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Nagai ◽  
Akira Yoshida ◽  
Yoshiharu Amano
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Residential Energy ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Residential Sector

In order to reduce CO2 emissions in the residential sector, the installation of photovoltaics (PV) has been increasing extensively. However, such large-scale PV installations cause problems in the low-voltage distribution grid of the residential sector, such as PV related voltage surges. In this study, the utilization of suppressed PV output through energy storage devices was proposed. Using demand side energy storage devices reduces voltage surge, transmission loss, and CO2 emissions from the residential buildings. The objective of this study was to add voltage constraints of the low-voltage distribution grid to an operational planning problem that we developed for the residential energy systems, and to quantitatively evaluate the potential of heat pump water heater (HP) to utilize the PV surplus electricity, while considering the electrical grid constraints based on the minimization of CO2 emissions. We found that when a 4.5 kW HP with 370 L storage, which utilizes PV output, was added to the system, the reduction in CO2 emissions was more than twice compared with that in the case of adding 4 kWh battery (BT) to a PV and gas fired water heater configuration. Further, the effect of utilizing the suppressed PV electricity by HP was almost equivalent to that by the BT. Therefore, the potential of HP in utilizing PV surplus electricity is higher than that of the BT in terms of CO2 emissions reduction in the residential sector.

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