scholarly journals Review of the Low-Enthalpy Lower Cretaceous Geothermal Energy Resources in Poland as an Environmentally Friendly Source of Heat for Urban District Heating Systems

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Pająk ◽  
Barbara Tomaszewska ◽  
Wiesław Bujakowski ◽  
Bogusław Bielec ◽  
Marta Dendys
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Geothermal Systems ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
District Heating Systems

The paper presents a review of the geological and hydrogeological data of the Lower Cretaceous aquifer in the Polish Lowlands and discusses the possibilities for the utilisation of geothermal water resources in existing and new district heating systems. Based on experience related to the use of thermal waters in existing geothermal systems, and using data from the literature, assessments have been made of the energy and environmental effects of the application of low-enthalpy geothermal resources from the Lower Cretaceous aquifer as a source of heat for urban district heating systems. The authors concluded that the implementation of such solutions could result in the production of approximately 4 PJ of geothermal energy annually. To date, these resources have only been developed in three locations—Mszczonów, Uniejów and Poddębice—with the total amount of energy generated annually reaching 100 TJ/year. Similar district heating networks in 120 nearby localities have been also identified. Here, specified geological and hydrogeological conditions enable the extraction of heat from the investigated Lower Cretaceous aquifer, with the aim of using this for heating purposes. To achieve this goal, multiple measures are required, including the following: raising public awareness through appropriate education programmes aimed at the youngest school children; systemic, efficient energy management measures at the central, regional and local levels, and providing financial support and ensuring regulations and laws aimed at improving the development of geothermal resources.

scholarly journals Geothermal resources of Kamchatka and the nearest prospects of their development

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
A. V. Kiryukhin ◽  
V. M. Sugrobov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Generation ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heat Consumption ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
District Heating Systems

The forecast geothermal resources of Kamchatka are sufficient to generate 3900 MW of electrical energy. The same resources for heat supply are estimated at a capacity of 1350 MWt (thermal). Thermohydrodynamic TOUGH2 modeling of exploitation of already identified productive hydrogeothermal reservoirs with installed energy properties allows us to predict: 1) the possibility of increasing the electrical performance of already operating areas of the Mutnovsky field up to 105 MW and the Pauzhetsky field up to 11 MW using binary technologies; 2) the possibility of increasing heat generation at the Paratunskoye field with submersible pumps up to 216 MWt, which will fully ensure the heat consumption of the district heating systems of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

scholarly journals Economic and Environmental Analysis of Different District Heating Systems Aided by Geothermal Energy

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Sáez Blázquez ◽  
Arturo Farfán Martín ◽  
Ignacio Nieto ◽  
Diego González-Aguilera
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Analysis ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
District Heating Systems

Shallow Geothermal Resources Assessment of the Brussels Region: Exploration, 3D Geological Model, Geothermal Potential Mapping and Challenges Related

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle Petitclerc ◽  
Pierre Gerard ◽  
Xavier Devleeschouwer ◽  
Bertrand François ◽  
Marijke Huysmans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Geothermal Systems ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
3D Geological Model ◽  
Geothermal Potential ◽  
Geothermal Parameters

<p>In 2015, a legal framework was implemented in the Brussels-Capital Region (BCR) where passive construction has been mandatory with an obliged heat demand not exceeding 15 kW<sub>h</sub>/m<sup>2</sup>. Since 2015, the interest in installing shallow geothermal systems has significantly increased. However, limited knowledge of ground conditions, lack of public awareness and the urban nature of the Brussels area restrict the development of shallow geothermal systems despite the high potential of this technique in the RBC. The BRUGEO project aims to facilitate accessibility and the efficient use of shallow geothermal energy in the BCR specifically for commercial and residential sectors. Thanks to Brussels ERDF (European Regional Development Fund) funding a consortium of all major actors in geothermal energy were brought together (ULB, Brussels Environment, BBRI, VUB, and GSB). During the  four years project (2016-2020), specific actions promoting the geothermal potential were addressed: 1- Collect existing data related to the knowledge on Brussels subsurface (geological, hydrogeological, and geothermal data) and consolidate them in a single database; 2- Conduct new laboratory and field tests in order to complete geological analyses and to assess geothermal parameters; 3- Map the geothermal potential for open and closed systems. The Geological Survey of Belgium (GSB) has created, during the last 7 years, a GIS based 2D-3D geological model of the BCR underground. 9266 drillings and geotechnical data collected in and around the BCR have been used to create the Brustrati3D model generating interpolated top and base surfaces for 19 geological layers representing the whole lithostratigraphic sequence from Quaternary to the Paleozoic basement. An important exploration phase was included in the first two years of the BRUGEO project to acquire new data improving the geological and hydrogeological knowledge of BCR. Several in-situ parameters are measured by e.g. new piezometers implementation and monitoring, pumping tests, cores sampling, logging and enhanced thermal response tests (eTRT). These measurements are implemented as far as possible on future private projects by a win-win approach. The idea is to be grafted on existing projects to increase the data acquisition and to avoid purely exploratory drilling that are expensive and not used later for any geothermal exploitation. So far, the BRUGEO consortium has also conducted three exploration drillings to assess the lithology, the structure, the groundwater flows, and geophysical properties of the Cambrian basement (Brabant Massif). In parallel, laboratory measurements are achieved to characterize the determinant thermal parameters of the Brussels underground. From all the subsurface data collected, the BRUGEO consortium aims at mapping the geothermal potential of the BCR. This web-based mapping, accessible to design offices, installers of geothermal systems, citizens, public and private stakeholders or regional and municipalities administrations, will make it easier to foster the use of geothermal energy. The web portal will consist of an interactive decision support and a design tool based on maps built thanks to the geoscientific 3D models and geothermal parameters assessed during BRUGEO. The results are expected to be published online in March 2020.</p>

Numerical Evaluation of Plate Heat Exchanger Performance in Geothermal District Heating Systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 210 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Geothermal Systems ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Plate Heat ◽  
Flow Approximation

This paper describes the performance of plate heat exchangers in residential water radiator heating systems receiving their heat from geothermal resources. Radiator theory is reviewed and determination of annual hot water requirements for space heating is discussed. Performance evaluation is made of plate heat exchangers and results obtained by means of two equations commonly used for this purpose, the Sieder–Tate and the Dittus–Boelter equations, compared to results obtained with a simplified equation where heat transfer in the heat exchanger is assumed to depend only on the fluid mass flow on both sides. It is found that for prevailing temperature ranges in Icelandic geothermal systems the mass flow approximation gives results very close to those determined by the more complicated conventional equations.

CONCEPTUAL POSITIONS OF MODERNIZATION OF EXISTING INEFFICIENT DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS

2017 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Ye.Ye. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
District Heating Systems

The current situation in the sphere of district heating is analysed on the basis of use of the cognitive approach. The presence of closed chains of cause-effect relationships of negative factors and conflicts of target settings of the subjects in the field of district heating is shown. The conceptual model of energy efficient modernization of district heating systems is proposed. This model includes indicators of the current status of heat sources, networks and heat consumers, energetic and economic models, restrictions, procedure of forming and analysis of the mutual influence of the recommended projects. The quantitative data on indicators of the current state of district heating systems of the cities of Ukraine are presented. The interrelation between indicators of the current state and projects of energy efficient modernization of district heating systems is shown. Assessment of energy self-sufficiency of municipal district heating systems on condition of thermal modernization of buildings is carried out. The creation of energy management systems at the district heating enterprises is proposed. Bib. 6, Fig. 7, Tab. 5.

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