scholarly journals The Influence of Compaction and Water Conditions on Shear Strength and Friction Resistance between Geotextiles and Ash-Slag Mixture

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
Andrzej Gruchot ◽  
Tymoteusz Zydroń ◽  
Agata Michalska
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Interaction Coefficient ◽  
Interfacial Friction ◽  
Shear Strength Parameters ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Friction Resistance

The paper presents the results of tests of the shear strength of the ash–slag mixture taken from the landfill located in Kraków (Poland) and the interfacial friction resistance at the contact between the ash–slag mixture and woven or nonwoven geotextiles. The tests were carried out in a direct shear apparatus on samples with and without water saturation. The samples for testing were formed in the apparatus box at the optimum moisture by compacting them to IS = 0.90 and 1.00. The test results reveal that the shear strength parameters of the ash-slag mixture were large. It was stated the significant influence of the compaction, the growth of which has resulted in an increase in the angle of internal friction (from 7% to 9%) and cohesion (from 60% to 97%). Whereas the saturation of the samples reduced the shear strength parameters (from 4% to 6%, of the internal friction angle and 30% to 43% of cohesion). The values of the interfacial friction resistance at the contact between the ash–slag mixture and the geotextiles were large as well, but slightly smaller than the values of the shear strength parameters of the mixture itself. The compaction caused an increase in the angle of interfacial friction (from 1% to 5%) and adhesion (from 31% to 127%). The water-saturation of the samples caused a change in the angle of interfacial friction (from −6% to 3%) and decline in the adhesion (from 22% to 69%). Values of the interaction coefficient were about 0.8–1.0 and they tended to rise with increasing the normal stress. Higher values of this parameter were obtained in tests with water saturation and for non-woven geotextiles.

Study on the Granular Shear Strength Parameters of Dumping Site

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 358-361
Author(s):  
Xiang Yun Kong ◽  
Guang Jin Wang ◽  
Xiao Chao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Internal Friction Angle ◽  
Shear Strength Parameters ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Dumping Site ◽  
Size Grading

Apparent particle size grading is the important characteristic of super-high bench dumping site, and the critical factors with the impact of its stability and disaster prevention are the fragmentation distribution and shear strength parameters of granular. With the copper mine dumping site which had the feature of apparent particle size grading, the thesis carried out the study of on-site particle size investigation and indoor laboratory. The particle-size distribution law with the changing of dumping-site height was analyzed and quantitative relationship between the fragmentation distribution and shear strength parameters of granular was discussed. The research results indicated that coarse-grain contents and maximum grain size were increased significantly according to the decreasing of dumping-site height, which showed that the dumping-site had the feature of apparent particle size grading. The coarse particle content in the grain size composition and internal friction angle φ of shear strength parameters increased with the obvious increment of the distribution value B. The relationship between distribution value B and the internal friction angle φ could be expressed by exponential function curve.

scholarly journals Estimation of shear strength parameters of soil using Optimized Inference Intelligence System

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Binh Thai Pham ◽  
Mahdis Amiri ◽  
Manh Duc Nguyen ◽  
Trinh Quoc Ngo ◽  
Kien Trung Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Shear Strength Parameters ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Intelligence System ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Model Study

In recent years, machine learning techniques have been developed and used to build intelligent information systems for solving problems in various fields. In this study, we have used Optimized Inference Intelligence System namely ANFIS-PSO which is a combination of Adaptive Neural-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for the estimation of shear strength parameters of the soils (Cohesion “C” and angle of internal friction “φ”). These parameters are required for designing the foundation of civil engineering structures. Normally, shear parameters of soil are determined either in the field or in the laboratory which require time, expertise and equipments. Therefore, in this study, we have applied a hybrid model ANFIS-PSO for quick and cost-effective estimation of shear parameters of soil based on the other six physical parameters namely clay content, natural water content, specific gravity, void ratio, liquid limit and plastic limit. In the model study, we have used data of 1252 soft soil samples collected from the different highway project sites of Vietnam. The data was randomly divided into 70:30 ratios for the model training and testing, respectively. Standard statistical measures: Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Correlation Coefficient (R) were used for the performance evaluation of the model. Results of the model study indicated that performance of the ANFIS-PSO model is very good in predicting shear parameters of the soil: cohesion (RMSE = 0.075, MAE = 0.041, and R = 0.831) and angle of internal friction (RMSE = 0.08, MAE = 0.058, and R = 0.952).

Reliability of Shear-Box Tests Upon Soaking Process on the Sand Soil in Al-Najaf City

2020 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 212-220
Author(s):  
Mohammed Sh. Mahmood ◽  
Waseem H. Al-Baghdadi ◽  
Asaad M. Rabee ◽  
Suhad H. Almahbobi
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Shear Strength Parameters ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Shear Box ◽  
Testing Condition ◽  
Direct Shear Apparatus

Accurate prediction of the soil shear strength parameters is essential in the reliable geotechnical design of civil engineering structures. This recent paper investigates the effect of the dry testing condition on the shear strength parameters of the sandy soil using the direct shear apparatus and compared with the saturated condition tests in previous researches on the same soil. The dry soil, usually above the water table, is the principal condition of the Al-Najaf city soil in Iraq. Samples are selected from the site of the University of Kufa, which represents the sandy soil of the city. For reliability purposes, the soil is exposed to different pre-soaking durations (one, two, and four weeks) then air-dried for shear tests. The main results revealed that the angle of internal friction (Φ) tested as a dry sample decreases about -6% up to two-weeks soaking then recovered upon four-week soaking about +6%. Compared to the saturated testing, there are increases in F between 6%-17% from saturated tests. Finally, it is recommended to aware in the selection of testing conditions for calculations of the angle of internal friction.

scholarly journals Estimation of shear strength parameters of soil using Optimized Inference Intelligence System

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Binh Thai Pham ◽  
Mahdis Amiri ◽  
Manh Duc Nguyen ◽  
Trinh Quoc Ngo ◽  
Kien Trung Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Shear Strength Parameters ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Intelligence System ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Model Study

In recent years, machine learning techniques have been developed and used to build intelligent information systems for solving problems in various fields. In this study, we have used Optimized Inference Intelligence System namely ANFIS-PSO which is a combination of Adaptive Neural-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for the estimation of shear strength parameters of the soils (Cohesion “C” and angle of internal friction “φ”). These parameters are required for designing the foundation of civil engineering structures. Normally, shear parameters of soil are determined either in the field or in the laboratory which require time, expertise and equipments. Therefore, in this study, we have applied a hybrid model ANFIS-PSO for quick and cost-effective estimation of shear parameters of soil based on the other six physical parameters namely clay content, natural water content, specific gravity, void ratio, liquid limit and plastic limit. In the model study, we have used data of 1252 soft soil samples collected from the different highway project sites of Vietnam. The data was randomly divided into 70:30 ratios for the model training and testing, respectively. Standard statistical measures: Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Correlation Coefficient (R) were used for the performance evaluation of the model. Results of the model study indicated that performance of the ANFIS-PSO model is very good in predicting shear parameters of the soil: cohesion (RMSE = 0.075, MAE = 0.041, and R = 0.831) and angle of internal friction (RMSE = 0.08, MAE = 0.058, and R = 0.952).

scholarly journals Influence of lime stabilization on shear strength parameters of silty clay soil

2018 ◽  
pp. 143-156
Author(s):  
Marko Spasic ◽  
Nikola Zivanovic ◽  
Grozdana Gajic
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Internal Friction Angle ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Shear Strength Parameters ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Lime Stabilization ◽  
Silty Clay Soil

Lime soil stabilization is a well-known and often used method. One of the methods of landslide stability improvement is changing soil with materials that have better physical and mechanical characteristics. In most of the methods for determining slope stability, the main input data are internal friction angle and cohesion. The main objective of this paper was to find out if the sampled silty clay soil was suitable for lime stabilization, and to get the values of shear strength parameters from soil samples with and without added lime. The results showed that by increasing lime content, internal friction angle rises, while cohesion values decrease, as well as deformations, all the way to 15% of lime by mass. The changes in internal friction angle, cohesion and deformations were most noticeable between 0 and 5% of added lime. Samples that endured the largest pressures were those containing 10% of lime.

Study on Shear Strength Experiments Base on the Modified Direct Shear Apparatus for Unsaturated Soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 438-439 ◽  
pp. 1176-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao Feng Chen ◽  
Ying Fa Lv ◽  
Zhi Huai Huang ◽  
Yan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Direct Shear ◽  
Shear Strength Parameters ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
General Internal ◽  
Direct Shear Apparatus

The unconsolidated-undrained fast shear tests of saturated-unsaturated remolded soil samples under different moisture content which is 1.1%, 10.1%, 14.9%, 19.9%, 24.2%, 29.9%, 37.7% respectively, and normal stress which is 50kPa, 100kPa, 200kPa, 300kPa, 400kPa respectively, were studied by the modified SDJ-1-type strain direct shear apparatus and U.S. Lab VIEW data acquisition system. The shear strength parameters of unsaturated soil samples, i.e. general cohesion and general internal friction angle were obtained based on Mohr-Coulomb strength theory. The test results showed that the general cohesion firstly increased and then reduced with the moisture content increasing, and the general internal friction angle increased with the moisture content decreasing. The function between the general shear strength parameters and the moisture content was studied. The concept of general shear strength parameters was proposed in the paper, and would provide a simple and practical method to obtain the strength parameters for engineering practice.

scholarly journals Effect of Soaking and Non-soaking Condition on Shear Strength Parameters of Sandy Soil Treated with Additives

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1147-1161
Author(s):  
Roaa M. Fadhil ◽  
Haifaa A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Shear Strength Parameters ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Direct Shear Tests ◽  
Before And After

The present paper aims to improve shear strength parameters: cohesion (c), and angle of internal friction (∅) for sandy soil treated by additives before and after soaking. The samples of sandy soil were obtained from Karbala city and then classified as poorly graded sand (SP) with relative density Dr (30%) according to the system of (USCS). The experiment has three stages. In the first stage ,the soil was treated with three different  percentages of cement (3 ,5 and 7%) of dry weight for the soil with three different percentages of water content (2, 4 and 8%) in each above percentage of cement, while the second stage includes (2%) of lime  from  soil weight  mixed with each different percentage of cement . In the third stage, (50%) of polymer of cement weight was mixed with each different percentage of cement. An analysis of behavior sandy soils treated by additives was carried out with the Direct Shear Tests. All the samples were cured (3) days before and after soaking. The results of the experiment showed that increase in shear strength parameters of sandy soil; especially the angle of internal friction with the rate value (16.6 %) of cement only, (21.88 %) of cement with lime , (20.3%) of cement with the polymer before soaked condition. After soaking condition, it was increased with the rate value (14.3%) with cement only, (23.57%) of cement with lime, and (15.38%) of cement with the polymer as compared with soil in the natural state.

scholarly journals The Dependence Between Shear Strength Parameters and Microstructure of Subgrade Soil in Seasonal Permafrost Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanbing Liu ◽  
Xiang Lyu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Xin He ◽  
Yunlong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
Shear Strength Parameters ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Subgrade Soils ◽  
Subgrade Soil ◽  
Microstructure Parameters

Permafrost and seasonal permafrost are widely distributed in China and all over the world. The failure of soil is mainly shear failure, and the strength of soil mainly refers to the shear strength. The two most important parameters of shear strength are cohesion and angle of internal friction. In order to ensure the sustainability of road construction in seasonal permafrost area, the microstructure of subgrade soil was observed and analyzed. First, three subgrade soils with different plasticity indices were prepared for triaxial test and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Then, these specimens underwent freezing–thawing (FT) cycles and were obtained shear strength parameters by triaxial shear test. Next, the microstructure images of soil were obtained by SEM, and the microstructure parameters of soil were extracted by image processing software. Finally, the correlation method was used to analyze the dependence between the shear strength parameters and the microstructure parameters. Results revealed that subgrade soils with a higher plasticity index had higher cohesion and lower angle of internal friction. In addition, with the increase of the number of FT cycles, the diameter and number of soil particles and pores tend to increase, while the roundness, fractal dimension and directional probabilistic entropy of particles decreased. With the increase of the plasticity index, the particle and pore diameter decreased, but the particle and pore number increased. Besides, particle roundness had the greatest influence on the cohesion and angle of internal friction of shear strength parameters.

scholarly journals Impact of shear strength parameters on slope stability

2020 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
pp. 00040
Author(s):  
Slávka Harabinová ◽  
Eva Panulinová
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Slope Stability ◽  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Slip Surface ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Internal Friction Angle ◽  
Shear Strength Parameters ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Fine Grained

Analysis and assessment of the slopes stability are an important in geotechnical engineering for all the times. The paper deals with the assessment of slope stability in fine-grained soils. The influence of change in shear strength parameters on the factor of safety has been studied. The factor of safety can be correctly obtained only if the critical failure surface of the slope is accurately identified and shear strength parameters are correctly. To investigate effect of soil strength parameters on the factor of safety, different values of shear strength parameters: cohesion (c), internal friction angle (ϕ), were chosen. The calculation and assessment of slope stability was made using methods which assume a circular shape of the slip surface (Bishop and Petterson method) and methods that consider the polygonal shape of the slip surface (Spencer and Janbu method). We analyzed the impact of shear strength parameters of the resulting factor of slope stability of fine grained soil. The results of the study showed that the factor of safety of the slope changes with varying cohesion c and internal friction angle ϕ.

scholarly journals Influence of vetiver root on strength of expansive soil-experimental study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244818
Author(s):  
Gui-yao Wang ◽  
Yong-gang Huang ◽  
Run-fa Li ◽  
Jing-mei Chang ◽  
Jin-liang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Root System ◽  
Shear Test ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Internal Friction Angle ◽  
Strength Parameter ◽  
Shear Strength Parameters ◽  
Strength Parameters

Grassroots have received more attention than the traditional method as soil reinforcement materials, especially the use of vetiver and other vegetation protection methods to treat expansive soil slope, have been tried and applied. To study the influence of grassroots on the strength properties of expansive soil, the laws of vetiver root growth over time and its vertical distribution of root content(δ) were firstly investigated by the experiment of planting vetiver. Then different δ and depth of planted soil were obtained. Simultaneously different δ and water content(ω) of grafted soil were made. With the direct shear test, the shear strength parameters of root-soil with different δ were analyzed. The shear test on root-soil composites with different δ was carried out to compare the strength characteristics of planted and grafted soil. The results showed that the δ of vetiver decreased with the increase of depth, and the δ of each layer increased with the growth period. The δ of 180d was 70.5% higher than that of 90d. The cohesion(c) of root-soil can be increased by more than 97%, and internal friction angle(φ) can be increased by more than 15.4% after 180 days. The c of 90 d vetiver root system can be increased by more than 18%, and the φ can be increased by more than 1.5%. At each depth, the c and φ of composite soil increases with the increase of δ, and the increment of cohesion (Δc) and the increment of internal friction angle (Δφ) increase with the increment of δ. But the increase in the ω will weaken the shear strength parameters of root-soil. Under the condition of the planted root system and grafted root system, the influence degree of δ on strength parameter of root-soil is different, and the law of strength parameters versus δ of grafted soil of 365d is similar to that of planted soil of 90d. And the root reinforcement of grafted soil is weaker than planted soil. Hence the grafted soil can´t accurately reflect the root-soil interaction of the existing root system.

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