scholarly journals Optimal Inertia Reserve and Inertia Control Strategy for Wind Farms

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1067
Author(s):  
Youming Cai ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Xu Cai
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Exit Point ◽  
Inertia Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inertia Response

It is important to reduce the impact of the high penetration of wind power into the electricity supply for the purposes of the security and stability of the power grid. As such, the inertia capability of wind farms has become an observation index. The existing control modes cannot guarantee the wind turbine to respond to the frequency variation of the grid, hence, it may lead to frequency instability as the penetration of wind power gets much higher. For the stability of the power grid, a simple and applicable method is to realize inertia response by controlling wind farms based on a high-speed communication network. Thus, with the consideration of the inertia released by a wind turbine at its different operating points, the inertia control mechanism of a doubly-fed wind turbine is analyzed firstly in this paper. The optimal exit point of inertia control is discussed. Then, an active power control strategy for wind farms is proposed to reserve the maximum inertia under a given power output constraint. Furthermore, turbines in a wind farm are grouped depending on their inertia capabilities, and a wind farm inertia control strategy for reasonable extraction of inertia is then presented. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation on the RT-LAB (11.3.3, OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES, Montreal, Quebec, Canada) platform with detailed models of the wind farm.

Grid Tripping and Re-connection: Full-scale Experimental Validation of a Dynamic Wind Turbine Model

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Raben ◽  
Martin Heyman Donovan ◽  
Erik Jørgensen ◽  
Jan Thisted ◽  
Vladislav Akhmatov
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Wind Turbine Generator ◽  
Shaft System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Turbine Model

An experiment with tripping and re-connecting a MW wind turbine generator was carried out at the Nøjsomheds Odde wind farm in Denmark. The experimental results are used primarily to validate the shaft system representation of a dynamic wind turbine model. The dynamic wind turbine model is applied in investigations of power system stability with relation to incorporation of large amounts of wind power into the Danish power grid. The simulations and the measurements are found to agree. The experiment was part of a large R&D program started in Denmark to investigate the impact of the increasing capacity of wind power fed into the Danish power grid.

Dynamic Simulation of a Wind Farm With Variable Speed Wind Turbines

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Muljadi ◽  
C. P. Butterfield
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Network ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Power Capacity ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Impact

Wind power generation has increased very rapidly in the past few years. The total U.S. wind power capacity by the end of 2001 was 4,260 megawatts. As wind power capacity increases, it becomes increasingly important to study the impact of wind farm output on the surrounding power networks. In this paper, we attempt to simulate a wind farm by including the properties of the wind turbine, the wind speed time series, the characteristics of surrounding power network, and reactive power compensation. Mechanical stress and fatigue load of the wind turbine components are beyond the scope this paper. The paper emphasizes the impact of the wind farms on the electrical side of the power network. A typical wind farm with variable speed wind turbines connected to an existing power grid is investigated. Different control strategies for feeding wind energy into the power network are investigated, and the advantages and disadvantages are presented.

An Analysis about Wind Farm Construction Based on the Perspective of the Development of Ecological Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
pp. 619-621
Author(s):  
Zi Wei Bai
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Advantages of wind power are self-evident, but the impact of wind power project on the local ecological environment and natural landscape is also increasingly subject to public attention. It mainly reflects in the visual pollution of the wind turbine (or natural landscape problems), noise, bird safety and electromagnetic interference. The paper analyzed the impact of wind farms on the environment, and recommended appropriate preventions and control measures to reduce it to an acceptable level.

Study on a Service Mechanism that Wind/Photovoltaic/Energy Storage Power Station Help Wind Farms Tracking Generation Schedule Curve

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 1909-1913
Author(s):  
Hai Xiang Xu ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Xiao Meng Ren
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Forecasting Accuracy ◽  
Wind Power Forecasting ◽  
Assessment Standard ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Power Forecasting

At present, the technology of wind power forecasting isn‘t mature enough in china, so some grid-connected wind farms will be assessed when theirs power forecasting accuracy cant reach the assessment standard. In response to the situation, combined with the characteristics of WPSPS and wind farms, this paper designs a service mechanism that WPSPS help wind farms tracking generation schedule curve, namely, encouraging WPSPS to supply output compensation service for wind farm by market means to increase the accuracy of wind power forecasting. By this mechanism, not only WPSPS and wind farms will achieve win-win, but also the impact on the grid caused by fluctuations of wind powers output will reduce.

Operation and Simulation of Hybrid Wind and Gas Turbine Power System Employing Wind Power Forecasting

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junrong Xia ◽  
Pan Zhao ◽  
Yiping Dai
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Hybrid Power System ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Large Wind ◽  
Operation Scheduling

Due to the intermittence and fluctuation of wind resource, the integration of large wind farms in a power grid introduces an additional stochastic component to power system scheduling. This always brings challenges to maintain the stability of power system. Integrating gas turbine units with wind farms can compensate their output fluctuation. In this paper, a methodology for the operation scheduling of a hybrid power system that consists of a large wind farm and gas turbine units is presented. A statistical model based on numerical weather prediction is used to forecast power output of the wind farm for the next 24 hours at quarter-hour intervals. Forecasts of wind power are used for optimizing the operation scheduling. In order to study the dynamic performance of the proposed hybrid power system, dynamic modeling of this hybrid power system is addressed. Wind farm and gas turbine units are integrated through an AC bus, and then connected to a power grid. An aggregated model of the wind farm and detailed models of gas turbine units are developed, and are implemented using MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation studies are carried out to evaluate the system performance using real weather data. The simulation results show that the proposed hybrid power system can compensate fluctuating wind power effectively and make wind power more reliable.

Flow Simulation Around a Rim-Driven Wind Turbine and in Its Wake

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan E. Kaiser ◽  
Svetlana V. Poroseva ◽  
Michael A. Snider ◽  
Rob O. Hovsapian ◽  
Erick Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Onshore Wind ◽  
Flow Simulations ◽  
Turbine Design ◽  
The Impact

A relatively high free stream wind velocity is required for conventional horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) to generate power. This requirement significantly limits the area of land for viable onshore wind farm locations. To expand a potential for wind power generation and an area suitable for onshore wind farms, new wind turbine designs capable of wind energy harvesting at low wind speeds are currently in development. The aerodynamic characteristics of such wind turbines are notably different from industrial standards. The optimal wind farm layout for such turbines is also unknown. Accurate and reliable simulations of a flow around and behind a new wind turbine design should be conducted prior constructing a wind farm to determine optimal spacing of turbines on the farm. However, computations are expensive even for a flow around a single turbine. The goal of the current study is to determine a set of simulation parameters that allows one to conduct accurate and reliable simulations at a reasonable cost of computations. For this purpose, a sensitivity study on how the parameters variation influences the results of simulations is conducted. Specifically, the impact of a grid refinement, grid stretching, grid cell shape, and a choice of a turbulent model on the results of simulation of a flow around a mid-sized Rim Driven Wind Turbine (U.S. Patent 7399162) and in its near wake is analyzed. This wind turbine design was developed by Keuka Energy LLC. Since industry relies on commercial software for conducting flow simulations, STAR-CCM+ software [1] was used in our study. A choice of a turbulence model was made based on the results from our previous sensitivity study of flow simulations over a rotating disk [2].

The Quality Analysis of Electric Energy after Wind Power Grid Integration

2012 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
pp. 502-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui Hua Cai ◽  
Tao Han
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Harmonic Wave ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Grid Integration ◽  
Reactive Compensation ◽  
Trial Test ◽  
The Impact

The electric energy quality problems caused by the running of wind power grid integration such as flicker and harmonic wave are increasingly prominent with the increase of the proportion of wind power. This paper describes the impact of the wind turbine connected to the power grid on the electric energy quality and conducts a trial test and proposes measures to improve the quality of electric energy such as improving the grid structure, improving voltage level of wind farm access system and the application of dynamic reactive compensation to the SVC and so on.

Low Voltage Ride through (LVRT) Control of Double-Fed Wind-Driven Generator

2012 ◽  
Vol 499 ◽  
pp. 400-404
Author(s):  
Jian Hong Zheng ◽  
Jie Feng Li ◽  
Yu Zhi Gao
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Low Voltage Ride Through ◽  
The Impact

With the rapid development of the wind power, it is no longer an isolated power system and gradually incorporated in the local power grid. However, as the increasing proportion of the installed wind power capacity in the power grid, the affection of the wind turbine to the region power system is getting heavier, which inevitably bring some new problems to the power system. The low voltage ride through (LVRT) is the direct embodiment of the power quality. In this paper, we fist analyze the impact of the voltage drop on the double-fed wind turbine. Then, a LVRT control method is proposed based on hardware realization. The detailed explanation of the proposed control method is given at last.

The Application of Wind Speed Numerical Simulation in Wind Power Generation

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 3370-3373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yang Liu ◽  
Jun Ji Wu ◽  
Shao Liang Meng
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Wind Gust ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Wake Effect

With the massive development and application of wind energy, wind power is having an increasing proportion in power grid. The changes of the wind speed in a wind farm will lead to fluctuations in the power output which would affect the stable operation of the power grid. Therefore the research of the characteristics of wind speed has become a hot topic in the field of wind energy. In the paper, the wind speed at the wind farm was simulated in a combination of wind speeds by which wind speed was decomposed of four components including basic wind, gust wind, stochastic wind and gradient wind which denote the regularity, the mutability, the gradual change and the randomness of a natural wind respectively. The model is able to reflect the characteristics of a real wind, easy for engineering simulation and can also estimate the wind energy of a wind farm through the wind speed and wake effect model. This paper has directive significance in the estimation of wind resource and the layout of wind turbines in wind farms.

Analysis on the Fluctuation of Wind Power

2015 ◽  
Vol 733 ◽  
pp. 199-202
Author(s):  
Rui Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Power Fluctuation ◽  
Power Fluctuations ◽  
Different Time Scales

This paper is aimed at exploring the characteristic fluctuation of wind power based on samples from a certain wind farm. First, the paper is to analyze fluctuations of wind power at different time scales. According to a sliding difference algorithm to build wind power fluctuations evaluation. Wind power fluctuation index for different time scales are used to fit probability distributions, indicating that the best form of distribution of wind power fluctuations is t location scale distribution. Secondly, considering the wind power has the characteristics of non-linear, non-stationary signal of the data, it fully meets the wavelet neural network analysis of the characteristics of the data. Therefore, select wavelet neural network training and testing so as to make predictions about the future of the total power of wind farm. It points out the differences between different regions covered by the index from the fluctuation characteristics of wind power, thus further understanding the fluctuation characteristics of wind power: Influenced by the time and space distribution and other factors, there is a big difference between the output power fluctuation characteristics of single wind generator and wind farm, which is because of the different wind machine in the field by the wind energy differences, and the wake effect of organic groups, making frequent fluctuations in power distribution; the fluctuation of wind is gentle, i.e. with increasing spatial distribution scale, so gentle effect occurs to wind power fluctuations. Finally, through the analysis of the fluctuation characteristics of power, power factor and analyses the influence of the characteristics of fluctuation, the paper draws a conclusion of the following improvement programs to overcome the adverse effects of wind power fluctuation of power grid operation: the rational allocation of energy storage devices, expanding the coverage area of a wind farm, or improving the design of the windmill, which will make wind farms adapt to different wind directions, thus eliminating the impact of fluctuations on the power grid from the wind farm power output by the energy storage device, and covering the area of large wind farms can adapt to different wind directions, and with power complementary, it has achieved the amount of stable power transmission into the grid.

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