scholarly journals Modeling and Fault Propagation Analysis of Cyber–Physical Power System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Guo ◽  
Yanghong Tan ◽  
Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Cyber Attack ◽  
Fault Propagation ◽  
Interaction Mechanisms ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
Failure State ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Deep Integration

In cyber–physical power systems (CPPSs), the interaction mechanisms between physical systems and cyber systems are becoming more and more complicated. Their deep integration has brought new unstable factors to the system. Faults or attacks may cause a chain reaction, such as control failure, state deterioration, or even outage, which seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of power grids. In this paper, given the interaction mechanisms, we propose an interdependent model of CPPS, based on a characteristic association method. Utilizing this model, we can study the fault propagation mechanisms when faulty or under cyber-attack. Simulation results quantitatively reveal the propagation process of fault risks and the impacts on the CPPS due to the change of state quantity of the system model.

Summary of the Stability Chanllenges and Safe Operation of Power Systems in View of Dispatching

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 1588-1591
Author(s):  
Xiang Dong Zhao ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Ming Jun Lv ◽  
Jian Guo Liu ◽  
Feng Zhen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Continuous Power ◽  
Grid Market

The Internet and the gradual implementation of the continuous power grid market in recent years make the power system more complex under different operating environment. Safe and stable operation of power grids have become increasingly important . With the rapidf development of the grid and constant innovation, safe and stable operation also has a new requirement , because the rapid development of the power system brings more This paper analyzes the causes of blackouts and reviews security of the power system stability problems related to measures on the security and stability of the power system operation .

scholarly journals Digital Forensic Analysis of Industrial Control Systems Using Sandboxing: A Case of WAMPAC Applications in the Power Systems

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2598
Author(s):  
Asif Iqbal ◽  
Farhan Mahmood ◽  
Mathias Ekstedt
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Cyber Attack ◽  
Industrial Control ◽  
Industrial Control Systems ◽  
Daubert Standard ◽  
And Control

In today’s connected world, there is a tendency of connectivity even in the sectors which conventionally have been not so connected in the past, such as power systems substations. Substations have seen considerable digitalization of the grid hence, providing much more available insights than before. This has all been possible due to connectivity, digitalization and automation of the power grids. Interestingly, this also means that anybody can access such critical infrastructures from a remote location and gone are the days of physical barriers. The power of connectivity and control makes it a much more challenging task to protect critical industrial control systems. This capability comes at a price, in this case, increasing the risk of potential cyber threats to substations. With all such potential risks, it is important that they can be traced back and attributed to any potential threats to their roots. It is extremely important for a forensic investigation to get credible evidence of any cyber-attack as required by the Daubert standard. Hence, to be able to identify and capture digital artifacts as a result of different attacks, in this paper, the authors have implemented and improvised a forensic testbed by implementing a sandboxing technique in the context of real time-hardware-in-the-loop setup. Newer experiments have been added by emulating the cyber-attacks on WAMPAC applications, and collecting and analyzing captured artifacts. Further, using sandboxing for the first time in such a setup has proven helpful.

scholarly journals A Review of Data-Driven Short-Term Voltage Stability Assessment of Power Systems: Concept, Principle, and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jiting Cao ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Power Market ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Fast Recovery ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Air Conditioners

With the rapid growth of power market reform and power demand, the power transmission capacity of a power grid is approaching its limit and the secure and stable operation of power systems becomes increasingly important. In particular, in modern power grids, the proportion of dynamic loads with fast recovery characteristics such as air conditioners, refrigerators, and industrial motors is increasing. As well as there is an increasing proportion of different forms of renewable energy in power systems. Therefore, the short-term voltage stability (STVS) of power systems cannot be ignored. This article comprehensively sorts out the STVS problems of power systems from the perspective of data-driven methods and discusses existing challenges.

Overview of Subsynchronous Oscillation in Grid-connected Wind Farm

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 969-979
Author(s):  
Xu Pei-Zhen ◽  
Lu Yong-Geng ◽  
Cao Xi-Min
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Induction Generator ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Subsynchronous Oscillation ◽  
Different Types

Background: Over the past few years, the subsynchronous oscillation (SSO) caused by the grid-connected wind farm had a bad influence on the stable operation of the system and has now become a bottleneck factor restricting the efficient utilization of wind power. How to mitigate and suppress the phenomenon of SSO of wind farms has become the focus of power system research. Methods: This paper first analyzes the SSO of different types of wind turbines, including squirrelcage induction generator based wind turbine (SCIG-WT), permanent magnet synchronous generator- based wind turbine (PMSG-WT), and doubly-fed induction generator based wind turbine (DFIG-WT). Then, the mechanisms of different types of SSO are proposed with the aim to better understand SSO in large-scale wind integrated power systems, and the main analytical methods suitable for studying the SSO of wind farms are summarized. Results: On the basis of results, using additional damping control suppression methods to solve SSO caused by the flexible power transmission devices and the wind turbine converter is recommended. Conclusion: The current development direction of the SSO of large-scale wind farm grid-connected systems is summarized and the current challenges and recommendations for future research and development are discussed.

scholarly journals Advances in the Application of Machine Learning Techniques for Power System Analytics: A Survey

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4776
Author(s):  
Seyed Mahdi Miraftabzadeh ◽  
Michela Longo ◽  
Federica Foiadelli ◽  
Marco Pasetti ◽  
Raul Igual
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
New Research ◽  
Traditional Approaches

The recent advances in computing technologies and the increasing availability of large amounts of data in smart grids and smart cities are generating new research opportunities in the application of Machine Learning (ML) for improving the observability and efficiency of modern power grids. However, as the number and diversity of ML techniques increase, questions arise about their performance and applicability, and on the most suitable ML method depending on the specific application. Trying to answer these questions, this manuscript presents a systematic review of the state-of-the-art studies implementing ML techniques in the context of power systems, with a specific focus on the analysis of power flows, power quality, photovoltaic systems, intelligent transportation, and load forecasting. The survey investigates, for each of the selected topics, the most recent and promising ML techniques proposed by the literature, by highlighting their main characteristics and relevant results. The review revealed that, when compared to traditional approaches, ML algorithms can handle massive quantities of data with high dimensionality, by allowing the identification of hidden characteristics of (even) complex systems. In particular, even though very different techniques can be used for each application, hybrid models generally show better performances when compared to single ML-based models.

scholarly journals Asymmetry underlies stability in power grids

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Molnar ◽  
Takashi Nishikawa ◽  
Adilson E. Motter
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Real World ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Symmetric State ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Additional Improvement ◽  
The Stability ◽  
General Method

AbstractBehavioral homogeneity is often critical for the functioning of network systems of interacting entities. In power grids, whose stable operation requires generator frequencies to be synchronized—and thus homogeneous—across the network, previous work suggests that the stability of synchronous states can be improved by making the generators homogeneous. Here, we show that a substantial additional improvement is possible by instead making the generators suitably heterogeneous. We develop a general method for attributing this counterintuitive effect to converse symmetry breaking, a recently established phenomenon in which the system must be asymmetric to maintain a stable symmetric state. These findings constitute the first demonstration of converse symmetry breaking in real-world systems, and our method promises to enable identification of this phenomenon in other networks whose functions rely on behavioral homogeneity.

scholarly journals Special Issue: “Wind Power Integration into Power Systems: Stability and Control Aspects”

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3680
Author(s):  
Lasantha Meegahapola ◽  
Siqi Bu
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Stability And Control ◽  
Wind Power Integration ◽  
And Control

Power network operators are rapidly incorporating wind power generation into their power grids to meet the widely accepted carbon neutrality targets and facilitate the transition from conventional fossil-fuel energy sources to the clean and low-carbon renewable energy sources [...]

scholarly journals Optimal Pricing of Vehicle-to-Grid Services Using Disaggregate Demand Models

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1090
Author(s):  
Charilaos Latinopoulos ◽  
Aruna Sivakumar ◽  
John W. Polak
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Local Distribution ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Demand Models ◽  
Multiple Vehicles ◽  
Infrastructure Investments

The recent revolution in electric mobility is both crucial and promising in the coordinated effort to reduce global emissions and tackle climate change. However, mass electrification brings up new technical problems that need to be solved. The increasing penetration rates of electric vehicles will add an unprecedented energy load to existing power grids. The stability and the quality of power systems, especially on a local distribution level, will be compromised by multiple vehicles that are simultaneously connected to the grid. In this paper, the authors propose a choice-based pricing algorithm to indirectly control the charging and V2G activities of electric vehicles in non-residential facilities. Two metaheuristic approaches were applied to solve the optimization problem, and a comparative analysis was performed to evaluate their performance. The proposed algorithm would result in a significant revenue increase for the parking operator, and at the same time, it could alleviate the overloading of local distribution transformers and postpone heavy infrastructure investments.

Toward Online Control of Local Bifurcation in Power Systems via Network Topology Optimization

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1550167
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Hsiao-Dong Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Transmission Line ◽  
Network Topology ◽  
Online Control ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Local Bifurcations ◽  
Network Topology Optimization ◽  
Online Methods ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents online methods for controlling local bifurcations of power grids with the goal of increasing bifurcation values (i.e. increasing load margins) via network topology optimization, a low-cost control. In other words, this paper presents online methods for increasing power transfer capability subject to static stability limit via switching transmission line out/in (i.e. disconnecting a transmission line or connecting a transmission line). To illustrate the impact of network topology on local bifurcations, two common local bifurcations, i.e. saddle-node bifurcation and structure-induced bifurcation on small power grids with different network topologies are shown. A three-stage online control methodology of local bifurcations via network topology optimization is presented to delay local bifurcations of power grids. Online methods must meet the challenging requirements of online applications such as the speed requirement (in the order of minutes), accuracy requirement and robustness requirement. The effectiveness of the three-stage methodology for online applications is demonstrated on the IEEE 118-bus and a 1648-bus practical power systems.

scholarly journals Irradiance Variability Quantification and Small-Scale Averaging in Space and Time: A Short Review

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Spatial Smoothing ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Output Variability ◽  
Temporal Averaging

The ongoing world-wide increase of installed photovoltaic (PV) power attracts notice to weather-induced PV power output variability. Understanding the underlying spatiotemporal volatility of solar radiation is essential to the successful outlining and stable operation of future power grids. This paper concisely reviews recent advances in the characterization of irradiance variability, with an emphasis on small spatial and temporal scales (respectively less than about 10 km and 1 min), for which comprehensive data sets have recently become available. Special attention is given to studies dealing with the quantification of variability using such unique data, the analysis and modeling of spatial smoothing, and the evaluation of temporal averaging.

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