scholarly journals On the Energy Efficiency in the Next Generation of Smart Buildings—Supporting Technologies and Techniques

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4399 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Benavente-Peces
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Smart Buildings ◽  
The Impact

Energy efficiency is one of the most relevant issues that the scientific community, and society in general, must face in the next years. Furthermore, higher energy efficiencies will contribute to worldwide sustainability. Buildings are responsible for 40% of the overall consumed energy. Smart Grids and Smart Buildings are playing an essential role in the definition of the next generation of sustainable Smart Cities. The main goal is reducing the impact of energy consumption on the environment as much as possible. This paper focuses on information communication technologies (ICTs) and techniques, their key characteristics and contribution to obtain higher energy efficiencies in smart buildings. Given that electrical energy is the most used, the investigation mainly centres on this energy. This paper also pays attention to green energies and energy harvesting due to their contribution to energy efficiency by providing additional clean energy. The main contribution of this investigation is pointing out the most relevant existing and emerging ICT technologies and techniques which can be used to optimize the energy efficiency of Smart Buildings. The research puts special attention on available, novel and emerging sensors, communication technologies and standards, intelligence techniques and algorithms, green energies and energy harvesting. All of them enable high-performance intelligent systems to optimize energy consumption and occupants’ comfort. Furthermore, it remarks on the most suitable technologies and techniques, their main features and their applications in Smart Buildings.

scholarly journals Internet of Things-Based Energy Efficiency Optimization Model in Fog Smart Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Wasswa Shafik ◽  
S. Mojtaba Matinkhah ◽  
Mamman Nur Sanda ◽  
Fawad Shokoor
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Delay Sensitive ◽  
Service Delay

In recent years, the IoT) Internet of Things (IoT) allows devices to connect to the Internet that has become a promising research area mainly due to the constant emerging of the dynamic improvement of technologies and their associated challenges. In an approach to solve these challenges, fog computing came to play since it closely manages IoT connectivity. Fog-Enabled Smart Cities (IoT-ESC) portrays equitable energy consumption of a 7% reduction from 18.2% renewable energy contribution, which extends resource computation as a great advantage. The initialization of IoT-Enabled Smart Grids including (FESC) like fog nodes in fog computing, reduced workload in Terminal Nodes services (TNs) that are the sensors and actuators of the Internet of Things (IoT) set up. This paper proposes an integrated energy-efficiency model computation about the response time and delays service minimization delay in FESC. The FESC gives an impression of an auspicious computing model for location, time, and delay-sensitive applications supporting vertically -isolated, service delay, sensitive solicitations by providing abundant, ascendable, and scattered figuring stowage and system associativity. We first reviewed the persisting challenges in the proposed state-of-the models and based on them. We introduce a new model to address mainly energy efficiency about response time and the service delays in IoT-ESC. The iFogsim simulated results demonstrated that the proposed model minimized service delay and reduced energy consumption during computation. We employed IoT-ESC to decide autonomously or semi-autonomously whether the computation is to be made on Fog nodes or its transfer to the cloud.

scholarly journals Cooperative UAV Scheme for Enhancing Video Transmission and Global Network Energy Efficiency

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cumino ◽  
Wellington Lobato Junior ◽  
Thais Tavares ◽  
Hugo Santos ◽  
Denis Rosário ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Video Transmission ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Network Partitioning ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Impact

Collaboration between multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to set up a Flying Ad Hoc Network (FANET) is a growing trend since future applications claim for more autonomous and rapid deployable systems. The user experience on watching videos transmitted over FANETs should always be satisfactory even under influence of topology changes caused by the energy consumption of UAVs. In addition, the FANET must keep the UAVs cooperating as much as possible during a mission. However, one of the main challenges in FANET is how to mitigate the impact of limited energy resources of UAVs on the FANET operation in order to monitor the environment for a long period of time. In this sense, UAV replacement is required in order to avoid the premature death of nodes, network disconnections, route failures, void areas, and low-quality video transmissions. In addition, decision-making must take into account energy consumption associated with UAV movements, since they are generally quite energy-intensive. This article proposes a cooperative UAV scheme for enhancing video transmission and global energy efficiency called VOEI. The main goal of VOEI is to maintain the video with QoE support while supporting the nodes with a good connectivity quality level and flying for a long period of time. Based on an Software Defined Network (SDN) paradigm, the VOEI assumes the existence of a centrailized controller node to compute reliable and energy-efficiency routes, as well as detects the appropriate moment for UAV replacement by considering global FANET context information to provide energy-efficiency operations. Based on simulation results, we conclude that VOEI can effectively mitigate the energy challenges of FANET, since it provides energy-efficiency operations, avoiding network death, route failure, and void area, as well as network partitioning compared to state-of-the-art algorithm. In addition, VOEI delivers videos with suitable Quality of Experience (QoE) to end-users at any time, which is not achieved by the state-of-the-art algorithm.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF SMART CITIES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 229 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-364
Author(s):  
MAKSIM D. PUSHKAREV ◽  
◽  
DMITRY A. PROKOFIEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Smart city technologies make the functioning of urban infrastructure more efficient, and the lives of citizens more comfortable and safe. During the COVID-19 pandemic, they were very popular, and this could not but affect the energy efficiency of high-tech megacities around the world. This article examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on smart cities, and also offers a solution to the problem of energy efficiency of smart cities.

scholarly journals Key Factors Influencing the Achievement of Climate Neutrality Targets in the Manufacturing Industry: LMDI Decomposition Analysis

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 8006
Author(s):  
Kristiāna Dolge ◽  
Dagnija Blumberga
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Industrial Activity ◽  
Intensity Effect ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Activity Effect ◽  
The Impact

The manufacturing industry is often caught in the sustainability dilemma between economic growth targets and climate action plans. In this study, a Log-Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition analysis is applied to investigate how the amount of industrial energy-related CO2 emissions in Latvia has changed in the period from 1995 to 2019. The change in aggregate energy-related CO2 emissions in manufacturing industries is measured by five different factors: the industrial activity effect, structural change effect, energy intensity effect, fuel mix effect, and emission intensity effect. The decomposition analysis results showed that while there has been significant improvement in energy efficiency and decarbonization measures in industry, in recent years, the impact of the improvements has been largely offset by increased industrial activity in energy-intensive sectors such as wood processing and non-metallic mineral production. The results show that energy efficiency measures in industry contribute most to reducing carbon emissions. In the future, additional policies are needed to accelerate the deployment of clean energy and energy efficiency technologies.

Analysis of China’s Provincial Energy Efficiency Based on the Generalized DEA Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 890-895
Author(s):  
Hui Min Li ◽  
Cun Bin Li ◽  
Zhan Xin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Technology Changes ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, with the rapid economic growth, the demand on the amount of energy in China is increasing. So the problem of how to improve the energy utilization efficiency and save energy consumption has to be tackled. The traditional CCR model and BCC model used in the study of provincial energy efficiency do not take the impact of technological progress into consideration. Therefore, the paper uses the generalized DEA method to research the energy utilization efficiency of China’s 29 provinces, that is, to evaluate and analyze the energy utilization efficiency by selecting the capital stock, employment and total energy consumption of China’s provinces as input factors and GDP, per capital GDP as output factors, and then draw tables showing each province’s change of average annual overall efficiency and the pure technology changes, and finally analyze the regularities underlying these changes.

Next Generation Information-Based Infrastructures

2013 ◽  
pp. 304-317
Author(s):  
Eric Luiijf
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Security

Advancements of information and communication technologies (ICT) cause infrastructure owners to augment current infrastructures with such ICT. The creation of more efficient and effective end-user services provides economical benefits and increases customer satisfaction. Concurrently, ICT advancements allow governmental and industrial sectors to develop complete new infrastructures and infrastructure services, the so called Next Generation Infrastructures (NGI). NGI will offer new services to society, end-users and the supply-chain of organisations and linked, dependent infrastructural services. For over fifty years, the introduction of new ICT-based services and infrastructures has been tightly coupled with failures in ICT-security. This chapter on NGI discusses the root causes of these security failures. Based on historical experiences, this chapter predicts threats and cyber security failures alike for the envisioned NGI such as smart (energy) grids, smart road transport infrastructure, smart cities, and e-health. This prediction will become reality unless fundamental changes in the approach to security of ICT-based and ICT-controlled infrastructures are taken.

scholarly journals The Impact of Energy Consumption and Economic Growth on Carbon Dioxide Emissions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7965
Author(s):  
Oluyomi A. Osobajo ◽  
Afolabi Otitoju ◽  
Martha Ajibola Otitoju ◽  
Adekunle Oke
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
The Impact

This study explored the effect of energy consumption and economic growth on CO2 emissions. The relationship between energy consumption, economic growth and CO2 emissions was assessed using regression analysis (the pooled OLS regression and fixed effects methods), Granger causality and panel cointegration tests. Data from 70 countries between 1994–2013 were analysed. The result of the Granger causality tests revealed that the study variables (population, capital stock and economic growth) have a bi-directional causal relationship with CO2 emissions, while energy consumption has a uni-directional relationship. Likewise, the outcome of the cointegration tests established that a long-run relationship exists among the study variables (energy consumption and economic growth) with CO2 emissions. However, the pooled OLS and fixed methods both showed that energy consumption and economic growth have a significant positive impact on CO2 emissions. Hence, this study supports the need for a global transition to a low carbon economy primarily through climate finance, which refers to local, national, or transnational financing, that may be drawn from public, private and alternative sources of financing. This will help foster large-scale investments in clean energy, that are required to significantly reduce CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Stakeholders in the Energy Efficiency of Higher Education Institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8908
Author(s):  
Rubén Garrido-Yserte ◽  
María-Teresa Gallo-Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Higher education institutions (HEIs) have a huge potential to save energy as they are significantly more energy-intensive in comparison with commercial offices and manufacturing premises. This paper provides an overview of the chief actions of sustainability and energy efficiency addressed by the University of Alcalá (Madrid, Spain). The policies implemented have shifted the University of Alcalá (UAH) to become the top-ranking university in Spain and one of the leading universities internationally on environmentally sustainable practices. The paper highlights two key elements. First, the actions adopted by the managerial teams, and second, the potential of public–private collaboration when considering different stakeholders. A descriptive study is developed through document analysis. The results show that energy consumption per user and energy consumption per area first fall and are then maintained, thereby contributing to meeting the objectives of the Spanish Government’s Action Plan for Energy Saving and Efficiency (2011–2020). Because of the research approach, the results cannot be generalized. However, the paper fulfils an identified need to study the impact of HEIs and their stakeholders on sustainable development through initiatives in saving energy on their campuses and highlights the role of HEIs as test laboratories for the introduction of innovations in this field (monitoring, sensing, and reporting, among others).

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