scholarly journals Intelligent Energy Management Strategy for Automated Office Buildings

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simplice Igor Noubissie Tientcheu ◽  
Shyama P. Chowdhury ◽  
Thomas O. Olwal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Significant Saving ◽  
The Impact

The increasing demand to reduce the high consumption of end-use energy in office buildings framed the objective of this work, which was to design an intelligent system management that could be utilized to minimize office buildings’ energy consumption from the national electricity grid. Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) and lighting are the two main consumers of electricity in office buildings. Advanced automation and control systems for buildings and their components have been developed by researchers to achieve low energy consumption in office buildings without considering integrating the load consumed and the Photovoltaic system (PV) input to the controller. This study investigated the use of PV to power the HVAC and lighting equipped with a suitable control strategy to improve energy saving within a building, especially in office buildings where there are reports of high misuse of electricity. The intelligent system was modelled using occupant activities, weather condition changes, load consumed and PV energy changes, as input to the control system of lighting and HVAC. The model was verified and tested using specialized simulation tools (Simulink®) and was subsequently used to investigate the impact of an integrated system on energy consumption, based on three scenarios. In addition, the direct impact on reduced energy cost was also analysed. The first scenario was tested in simulation of four offices building in a civil building in South Africa of a single occupant’s activities, weather conditions, temperature and the simulation resulted in savings of HVAC energy and lighting energy of 13% and 29%, respectively. In the second scenario, the four offices were tested in simulation due to the loads’ management plus temperature and occupancy and it resulted in a saving of 20% of HVAC energy and 29% of lighting electrical energy. The third scenario, which tested integrating PV energy (thus, the approach utilized) with the above-mentioned scenarios, resulted in, respectively, 64% and 73% of HVAC energy and lighting electrical energy saved. This saving was greater than that of the first two scenarios. The results of the system developed demonstrated that the loads’ control and the PV integration combined with the occupancy, weather and temperature control, could lead to a significant saving of energy within office buildings.

scholarly journals A Fundamental Study on the Development of New Energy Performance Index in Office Buildings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2064
Author(s):  
Jin-Hee Kim ◽  
Seong-Koo Son ◽  
Gyeong-Seok Choi ◽  
Young-Tag Kim ◽  
Sung-Bum Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
U Value ◽  
The Impact

Recently, there have been significant concerns regarding excessive energy use in office buildings with a large window-to-wall ratio (WWR) because of the curtain wall structure. However, prior research has confirmed that the impact of the window area on energy consumption varies depending on building size. A newly proposed window-to-floor ratio (WFR) correlates better with energy consumption in the building. In this paper, we derived the correlation by analyzing a simulation using EnergyPlus, and the results are as follows. In the case of small buildings, the results of this study showed that the WWR and energy requirement increase proportionally, and the smaller the size is, the higher the energy sensitivity will be. However, results also confirmed that this correlation was not established for buildings approximately 3600 m2 or larger. Nevertheless, from analyzing the correlation between the WFR and the energy requirements, it could be deduced that energy required increased proportionally when the WFR was 0.1 or higher. On the other hand, the correlation between WWR, U-value, solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC), and material property values of windows had little effect on energy when the WWR was 20%, and the highest effect was seen at a WWR of 100%. Further, with an SHGC below 0.3, the energy requirement decreased with an increasing WWR, regardless of U-value. In addition, we confirmed the need for in-depth research on the impact of the windows’ U-value, SHGC, and WWR, and this will be verified through future studies. In future studies on window performance, U-value, SHGC, visible light transmittance (VLT), wall U-value as sensitivity variables, and correlation between WFR and building size will be examined.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Electrical Energy Consumption of the Impact Screwdriver During Assembly of Fixed Threaded Joints

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Grinevich ◽  
Vl. Nikishin ◽  
N. Mozga ◽  
M. Laitans
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Electrical Energy Consumption ◽  
Impact Mechanism ◽  
Threaded Joints ◽  
Rotor Head ◽  
Product Costs ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper deals with the possibilities of reducing the consumption of electrical energy of the impact screwdriver during the assembly of fixed threaded joints. The recommendations related to a decrease in electrical energy consumption would allow reducing product costs but so far there have been no such recommendations from the producers of the tool as to the effective operating regimes of the impact screwdrivers in relation to electrical energy consumption and necessary tightening moment of the nut. The aim of the study is to find out the economical operating mode of the electrical impact screwdriver when assembling fixed threaded joints. By varying the set speed of the rotor head and working time of the impact mechanism, there is an opportunity to determine electrical energy consumption of the tool for the given tightening moment. The results of the experiment show that at the same tightening moment obtained the electrical energy consumption of the impact screwdriver is less at a higher starting set speed of the rotor head but shorter operating time of the impact mechanism than at a lower speed of the rotor head and longer operating time of the impact mechanism.

Analysis of Daylighting Benefits for Office Buildings in Egypt

Solar Energy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Abd El Mohimen ◽  
George Hanna ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Window Size ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Wall Area ◽  
Electricity Use ◽  
Daylighting Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geographical Locations

This paper summarizes the results of a simulation analysis to determine the effectiveness of daylighting in reducing electrical energy consumption for office buildings in Egypt. Specifically, the impact on daylighting performance is investigated of window size, building size, daylighting control, and glazing type for three geographical locations in Egypt. It was determined that a window to wall area ratio of 0.20 minimizes the total annual electricity use for office buildings in three Egyptian locations, Cairo, Alexandria, and Aswan. A simplified analysis method is developed based on the analysis results to estimate the annual electrical energy savings attributed to daylighting.

Electrical performance results of an energy efficient building with an integrated photovoltaic system

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 2-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sosten Ziuku ◽  
Edson L. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
The North ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

A 3.8 kW rooftop photovoltaic generator has been installed on an energy efficient house built at the University of Fort Hare, Alice campus, South Africa. The system, located on the north facing roof, started generating electrical power in February 2009. In addition to providing electrical energy, the photovoltaic panels also act as the building roofing material. An instrumentation and data acquisition system was installed to record the indoor and outdoor ambient temperature, indoor and outdoor relative humidity, wind speed and direction, solar irradiance, electrical energy produced by the solar panels and the household energy consumption. This paper presents the initial results of the electrical performance of the building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) generator and energy consumption patterns in the energy efficient house.

Design of Eddy Current Retarder Generator/Starter Integrated System

2013 ◽  
Vol 732-733 ◽  
pp. 1101-1104
Author(s):  
Cun Xiang Liu ◽  
Ren He ◽  
Xue Jun Liu ◽  
Er Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Eddy Current Retarder

The eddy current retarder generator / starter integrated system is a vehicle intelligent system which can be used as vehicle starter, power generation. The system can reduce the energy consumption of the car, extends battery life, and improves the stability of the brake system.

scholarly journals Energy Management System in the Vehicles using Three Level Neuro Fuzzy Logic

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-162
Author(s):  
G Ranganathan ◽  
Jennifer S Raj
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Supervisory Controller ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy

This paper has proposed a hybrid electric vehicle that uses intelligent energy management strategy to decrease the energy consumption of the vehicle. Here, the total energy consumption of the vehicle is initially modelled and further investigated to reduce the amount of energy used to be identified as a sum of electrical energy provided by consumed fuels and on-board batteries. In particular, an intelligent controller is proposed in this work to execute its ability to decrease the total amount of energy consumed and improve the energy efficiency of the vehicle. A fuzzy system is utilized in an account supervisory controller to decide the appropriate mode of operation for the system. The part of the proposed work involves development of optimal control strategies by using neuro-fuzzy logic. In order to obtain optimal performance, the controllers are used to regulate vehicle subsystems and set points. The biggest advantage of this work is the reduction in energy consumption and their ability to execute the operation online. Simulink/MATLAB is used to simulate and validate the performance of the proposed work under various conditions and under several dataset values.

scholarly journals Energy Evaluation of the Mechanical Drying of the Grain of Coffea arabica from Honduras

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Fredy Torres Mejía ◽  
Jhunior Marcía Fuentes ◽  
Juan Torres Mejía ◽  
Flavio Hernández Bonilla ◽  
Ricardo Santos Alemán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Evaluation ◽  
Rotary Dryer ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this research work was to evaluate the methods of mechanical drying of coffee beans (Coffea arabica) from energy evaluations. The control variables were the drying of the grain and energy was used as the response variable, measured in Tonnes of Oil Equivalent (TEP), Barrels of Oil Equivalent (BEP), and Tonnes of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (Ton CO2eq). The evaluations on the three methods of mechanical coffee drying indicate that the rotary dryer requires 1.0 TEP equivalent to 1.017 kg CO2eqkg-1 in dry parchment coffee (CPS), however, the vertical drying method requires 1.12 TEP (0.616 kg CO2eqkg-1 in CPS) and the static dryer requires 0.5 TEP (0.33 Kg CO2eqkg-1 in CPS). Furthermore, the biomass energy consumption in the rotary dryer is 12.60 MJkg-1, in the vertical dryer it is 7.46 MJkg-1, and the static dryer is 3.91 MJkg-1. These results indicate that the rotary dryer uses 91.95% of the biomass energy, the vertical dryer uses 90.31%, and the static dryer 90.68%. Concluding that rotary drying has a higher biomass energy consumption and reduces CO2 emissions kg-1 in dry parchment coffee, this method is also preferred by cuppers, as it preserves the sensory qualities of the coffee and contributes to reducing the impact. the environment in the consumption of electrical energy and the reduction of CO2 emissions. However, these predictors need more work to validate reliability.

scholarly journals Influence of sensor and communication setup on electric cam phaser control quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-696
Author(s):  
Jakob Andert ◽  
Christian Sohn ◽  
Serge Klein ◽  
Andres Tönnesmann ◽  
Jens Oesterdiekhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Valve Train ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Control Quality ◽  
Control Units ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the control quality of an electric cam phaser system. The impact of different sensor concepts, synchronization algorithms, controller and hardware topologies on the control quality is examined by using a transient simulation covering the electric cam phaser, valve train, mechanical transmission and a wide variety of cam- and crankshaft trigger wheels. Limited angular accuracy effects are simulated by realistic sensor models and the processing of sensor signals by a real-time capable synchronization algorithm. Nonlinear friction in transmission and valve train are considered by the simulation accordingly. Furthermore, the effects of distributed controller algorithms based on conventional electronic control units are evaluated. Communication latencies have a strong impact on the control plant and are taken into account during controller definition. The effects of different layouts are compared in the time domain, and a sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the effects of different parameters on the cam phasing control quality. The control quality is measured in terms of overshoot, phasing duration and energy consumption of a phasing event. Using a sensor fusion for the current cam phasing angle and an integrated controller layout – that is, an architecture without any communication delay – improves the controllability and reduces overshooting, phasing duration and electrical energy consumption under transient conditions.

scholarly journals Simulation Modeling Approach for Collaborative Workplaces’ Assessment in Sustainable Manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ojstersek ◽  
Borut Buchmeister
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
The Impact

The presented manuscript represents a new simulation modeling approach, which evaluates the impact of collaborative workplaces on manufacturing sustainability in terms of workplaces’ cost, flow times and electrical energy consumption. The impact of collaborative workplaces on the manufacturing system and on its sustainable viability as a whole has not yet been explored, despite the fact that collaborative workplaces are increasingly present in different manufacturing systems. In the past, researchers have devoted a lot of time to research individually examining the collaborative machines, workplaces and various aspects of Sustainable Manufacturing. Investigating the impact of collaborative workplaces on an enterprise’s financial, social and environmental points of view is a very complex task, since we are talking about a multicriteria evaluation of manufacturing systems. The simulation approach is based on a newly proposed block diagram structure that allows for an evaluation of the impact of collaborative workplaces on Sustainable Manufacturing in its entirety. Using the input data of the real-world manufacturing system characteristics and Eurostat statistical values, numerical and graphical results of the proposed simulation evaluation are given, which, with a high degree of evaluation credibility, influences the introduction of collaborative workplaces in manual workplaces. The results obtained show a 20% reduction in the cost of collaborative workstations compared to manual assembly workstations, a 13.2% reduction in order throughput times, a negligible increase in energy consumption in operation mode of 3.28% and a 4.57% reduction in the idle mode. The new evaluation approach allows for a comprehensive consideration of the influence of the collective workplace when developing new or modernizing existing manufacturing systems from a financial, social and environmental point of view.

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