scholarly journals A Novel Framework for Cost Optimization of Renewable Energy Installations: A Case Study of Nigeria

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4311
Author(s):  
Aliyu Aliyu ◽  
Neyre Tekbiyik-Ersoy
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Linear Optimization ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Optimal Cost ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Electricity Access ◽  
Installation Cost

The merits of utilizing renewable energy sources (RESs) in electricity generation, especially in the developing countries, are to improve the electricity access, economic development and energy sustainability. Nigeria is a developing country with an acute electricity problem. The country is blessed with rich renewable energy (RE) resources. However, most of these resources are yet to be exploited. A look at the energy sector in Nigeria suggests that for the country to be energy sufficient, it must embrace domestic RESs in its energy mix. However, RE technologies are capital intensive. Hence, by using Nigeria as a motivation, this study aims at developing a general framework that can be used for any country or region in determining the optimal total capacities of RESs to be installed in different locations, to increase the use of RE in a cost-effective manner. The designed optimization problem aims to minimize the total cost of installing RE technologies while satisfying some predetermined constraints that include demand and supply, RE potential, area and system reserve requirement. To this end, three different scenarios, namely prospective off-grid, on-grid, and all-off-grid are introduced. The first scenario aims at finding the optimal cost of installing RESs in order to improve electricity access at each off-grid installation location (a distribution company (DISCO) location with electricity access level below 50%). The second scenario optimizes cost of installing RESs for on-grid installation locations (DISCO locations (DLs) with electricity access level of 50% and above). The third scenario finds the optimal cost of installing off-grid RESs for all the DLs. Linear optimization technique is used to solve the problem. The results show that the total installation costs of the first and second scenarios (which means having off-grid installations for some DLs and having on-grid installations for other DLs) are $97.46 billion and $114.03 billion respectively, with a total cost of $211.49 billion. On the other hand, the result of third installation scenario (only off-grid installations for all DLs), is found to be $244.33 billion. These results reveal that the combination of off-grid and on-grid installations (first and second scenarios) has the minimum installation cost, for the case study of Nigeria. As the framework presented in this study is used to provide the minimum RE related total installation cost and related RE planning in Nigeria, it can also be useful for other countries or regions considering RE planning.

scholarly journals Portfolio optimization of power plants by using renewable energy in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Asra Ahmadi ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Mirlohi ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi ◽  
Majid Ameri
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Portfolio Optimization ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Capital Costs

Abstract Lack of investment in the electricity sector has created a huge bottleneck in the continuous flow of energy in the market, and this will create many problems for the sustainable growth and development of modern society. The main reason for this lack of investment is the investment risk in the electricity sector. One way to reduce portfolio risk is to diversify it. This study applies the concept of portfolio optimization to demonstrate the potential for greater use of renewable energy, which reduces the risk of investing in the electricity sector. Besides, it shows that investing in renewable energies can offset the risk associated with the total input costs. These costs stem from the volatility of associated prices, including fossil fuel, capital costs, maintenance, operation and environmental costs. This case study shows that Iran can theoretically supply ~33% of its electricity demand from renewable energy sources compared to its current 15% share. This case study confirms this finding and predicts that Iran, while reducing the risk of investing in electricity supply, can achieve a renewable energy supply of ~9% with an average increase in supply costs. Sensitivity analysis further shows that with a 10% change in input cost factors, the percentage of renewable energy supply is only partially affected, but basket costs change according to the scenario of 5–32%. Finally, suggestions are made that minimize risk rather than cost, which will bring about an increase in renewable energy supply.

scholarly journals Optimal Configuration and Sizing of Seaport Microgrids including Renewable Energy and Cold Ironing—The Port of Aalborg Case Study

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Nur Najihah Abu Bakar ◽  
Josep M. Guerrero ◽  
Juan C. Vasquez ◽  
Najmeh Bazmohammadi ◽  
Muzaidi Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Component Size

Microgrids are among the promising green transition technologies that will provide enormous benefits to the seaports to manage major concerns over energy crises, environmental challenges, and economic issues. However, creating a good design for the seaport microgrid is a challenging task, considering different objectives, constraints, and uncertainties involved. To ensure the optimal operation of the system, determining the right microgrid configuration and component size at minimum cost is a vital decision at the design stage. This paper aims to design a hybrid system for a seaport microgrid with optimally sized components. The selected case study is the Port of Aalborg, Denmark. The proposed grid-connected structure consists of renewable energy sources (photovoltaic system and wind turbines), an energy storage system, and cold ironing facilities. The seaport architecture is then optimized by utilizing HOMER to meet the maximum load demand by considering important parameters such as solar global horizontal irradiance, temperature, and wind resources. Finally, the best configuration is analyzed in terms of economic feasibility, energy reliability, and environmental impacts.

scholarly journals An Adaptive Load Frequency Control for Power Systems with Renewable Energy Sources

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 573
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mokhtar ◽  
Mostafa I. Marei ◽  
Mariam A. Sameh ◽  
Mahmoud A. Attia
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Adaptive Controller ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Load Variations

The frequency of power systems is very sensitive to load variations. Additionally, with the increased penetration of renewable energy sources in electrical grids, stabilizing the system frequency becomes more challenging. Therefore, Load Frequency Control (LFC) is used to keep the frequency within its acceptable limits. In this paper, an adaptive controller is proposed to enhance the system performance under load variations. Moreover, the proposed controller overcomes the disturbances resulting from the natural operation of the renewable energy sources such as Wave Energy Conversion System (WECS) and Photovoltaic (PV) system. The superiority of the proposed controller compared to the classical LFC schemes is that it has auto tuned parameters. The validation of the proposed controller is carried out through four case studies. The first case study is dedicated to a two-area LFC system under load variations. The WECS is considered as a disturbance for the second case study. Moreover, to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed controller, the dynamic performance is compared with previous work based on an optimized controller in the third case study. Finally in the fourth case study, a sensitivity analysis is carried out through parameters variations in the nonlinear PV-thermal hybrid system. The novel application of the adaptive controller into the LFC leads to enhance the system performance under disturbance of different sources of renewable energy. Moreover, a robustness test is presented to validate the reliability of the proposed controller.

scholarly journals Regulatory Framework for Renewable Energy Sources in Ecuador Case Study Province of Manabí

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Marcos Lenin Dávila Cedeño ◽  
María Gabriela Dávila Arteaga ◽  
Antonio Vázquez Pérez ◽  
Marcos Lenin Dávila Arteaga
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
National Study ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
The Social

The purpose of the research is to expose the nature that, in matters of law and social policy, justifies promoting the elaboration and adoption of a regulatory framework that favors the use of renewable energy sources, for the generation of electricity through case analysis in the Province of Manabí. For the accomplishment of the research study has taken into account a brief theoretical analysis on the fundamentals of the regulatory doctrine, where it exposes the conceptual framework of the law and its necessity for the good development of the social relations that derive from the use of the Renewable sources of energy. A study was carried out of the specific regulatory work carried out at the international level, in order to promote the adequate use of renewable energies, as well as a national study presenting an initial vision for the study and establishment of a specific regulatory framework for the case study of the province of Manabí, as well as a group of policies and support measures that could be adopted to promote the integrated use of renewable energy sources and their contribution to the national energy matrix.

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