scholarly journals Creating Statistics for China’s Building Energy Consumption Using an Adapted Energy Balance Sheet

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingshun Zhang ◽  
Xuan Ge ◽  
Ya Zhao ◽  
Chun Xia-Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Statistical System ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Close Link

China’s regular energy statistics does not include the building sector, and data on building energy demand is included in other types of energy consumption in the Energy Balance Sheet (EBS). Therefore data on building energy demand is not collected based on statistics, but rather calculated or estimated by various approaches in China. This study aims at developing and testing China’s building energy statistics by applying an adapted EBS. The advantage of the adapted EBS is that statistical data is from the regular statistical system and no additional statistical efforts are needed. The research result shows that the adapted EBS can be included in China regular energy statistical system and can be standardized in a transparent way. Testing of the adapted EBS shows that China’s building energy demand has shown an annual increase of 7.6% since 2001, and a lower contribution to the total energy demand as compared to the developed world. There is also a close link to lifestyle and living standard while industrial energy demand is mainly driven by economy and decoupling of building energy demand with increasing of building floor area, this is due to a considerable improvement of building energy efficiency. The adapted EBS creates a method for China conducting statistics of building energy consumption at the sector level in a uniform way and serves as the basis for any sound building energy efficiency policy decisions.

Perception and Management System for Building Energy Consumption Based on Internet of Things Technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 945-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Qin Yu ◽  
Bei Tian ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Dan Shi Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Management System ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology

The building energy consumption is one of three in China's energy consumption, the detection and monitoring for energy consumption of building is the basis for the work of building energy efficiency. This article describes a perception, monitoring and management system of building energy consumption based on Internet of Things technology architecture, in the system, various energy instrumentation is installed inside the building and measurement all kinds of energy consumption data in the perception layer, collection daterminal data connected to the RS485 bus access gateway for data transmission via Ethernet or mobile communication network in the network layer and transport layer, deal with the statistical analysis of the energy consumption data in the application layer. The system has been successfully applied to more than 50 large-scale public building to implement energy consumption monitoring and management, and the support of the underlying data for building energy efficiency.

Research of Building Energy Efficiency Design and Engineering Quality Management System Based on Network

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 379-382
Author(s):  
Ling Wang ◽  
Wen Ling Tian ◽  
Ling Ling Fan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Control

Based on the analysis of the trends of building energy consumption and the situation of standard of building energy efficiency, the thought of system development for building energy efficiency design and engineering quality management based on Network is proposed. Data control processes, modules and functions of system is introduced. This system is an opening system; it has better adaptable to change of standards.

Study on the Problems and Solutions of Building Energy Efficiency

2014 ◽  
Vol 525 ◽  
pp. 439-442
Author(s):  
Ling Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Building Energy Consumption

With the development of economy, the progress of the times, the city continued to expand the scale of construction, building energy consumption is more and more serious, and the green energy-saving buildings are paid more and more attention in society. Building energy efficiency can fundamentally promote the savings and the rational use of energy and resources, Building energy efficiency is the needs to guarantee the sustainable development of national economy. With problems in building energy efficiency as the point of penetration, this paper analyses the present situations of building energy consumption and the major energy-saving issues in China. On the basis, in order to promote the green building of sustainable development, from thinking, evaluation system, design and other aspects some suggestions and measures are proposed .

Research on Energy Saving Diagnosis of Clean Air Conditioning System in Pharmaceutical Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 977 ◽  
pp. 174-177
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Rui Ying Jia ◽  
Run Ping Niu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Clean Air

The purpose of building energy efficiency diagnosis was to find out the problems existing in the process of using energy and analysis the potential of energy saving to guide the owner who should improve the building energy efficiency as far as possible to reduce building energy consumption. This paper involves only the research on energy saving diagnosis of clean air conditioning system in pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals Feasibility Study on Energy Audit and Data Driven Analysis Procedure for Building Energy Efficiency: Bench-Marking in Korean Hospital Buildings

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 3006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwang ◽  
Cho ◽  
Moon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Audit

Growths in population, increasing demand for health care services and comfort levels, together with patients on the rise in time spent inside hospitals, assure the upward trend that energy demand will continue in the future. Since the hospital buildings operate 24 hours, 365 days a year for the treatment and restoration of patients, they are approximately 2–3 times more energy-intensive than normal buildings. For this reason, energy efficiency in hospitals is one of the prime objectives for energy policy at regional, national and international levels. This study aims to find how meaningful energy performance, reflecting good energy management and energy conservation measures (ECMs), can be operated for hospital buildings, a category encompassing complex buildings with different systems and large gaps between them. Energy audit allows us to obtain knowledge from the healthcare facility, in order to define and tune data driven analysis rules. The use of benchmarking in the energy audit of healthcare facilities enables immediate comparison between hospitals. Data driven energy analysis also allows ascertaining their expected energy consumption and estimating the possible savings margin by using the building energy flow chart. In the 2015–2017 periods, bench-marking of four public hospitals in Seoul were audited for the energy consumption related to weather conditions, total area, bed numbers, employee numbers, and analyzed for building energy flow by zones, energy sources, systems and equipment. This is a practice-based learning in a hospital project. The results reveal that the average annual energy consumption of a hospital under normal conditions, and energy efficiency factors are divided into energy baselines, energy consumption goals for energy saving and energy usage trends for setting ECMs, respectively. The indicator dependent on the area of inpatients (number of beds) proved to be the most suitable as a reference to quantify the energy consumption of a hospital.

Research on Energy Consumption Tread of Residential Building in Beijing Based on Energy Audit

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 2057-2060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Feng Wang ◽  
Yan Li Wang ◽  
De Ying Li ◽  
Wei Na
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Building Energy Saving ◽  
Site Test ◽  
Energy Efficiency Standards

Beijing building energy efficiency work has been carried out for 20 years, which played a significant role in building energy saving. Based on the energy audit which is site test and statistics of building energy consumption analyses the energy consumption of residential building in Beijing. Discusses the residential building energy consumption characteristics and gives the energy consumption tread of residential building in Beijing. The results show that Beijing's residential building energy consumption per unit area is reduced year by year, which is mainly related with the implementation of the Beijing building energy efficiency standards.

scholarly journals A Hybrid Simulation Model to Predict the Cooling Energy Consumption for Residential Housing in Hong Kong

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4850
Author(s):  
Kwok Wai Mui ◽  
Ling Tim Wong ◽  
Manoj Kumar Satheesan ◽  
Anjana Balachandran
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Hybrid Simulation ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency

In Hong Kong, buildings consume 90% of the electricity generated and over 60% of the city’s carbon emissions are attributable to generating power for buildings. In 2018, Hong Kong residential sector consumed 41,965 TJ (26%) of total electricity generated, with private housing accounting for 52% and public housing taking in 26%, making them the two major contributors of greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, air conditioning was the major source consuming 38% of the electricity generated for the residential building segment. Strategizing building energy efficiency measures to reduce the cooling energy consumption of the residential building sector can thus have far-reaching benefits. This study proposes a hybrid simulation strategy that integrates artificial intelligence techniques with a building energy simulation tool (EnergyPlus™) to predict the annual cooling energy consumption of residential buildings in Hong Kong. The proposed method predicts long-term thermal energy demand (annual cooling energy consumption) based on short-term (hourly) simulated data. The hybrid simulation model can analyze the impacts of building materials, construction solutions, and indoor–outdoor temperature variations on the cooling energy consumed in apartments. The results indicate that using low thermal conductivity building materials for windows and external walls can reduce the annual cooling energy consumption by 8.19%, and decreasing the window-to-wall ratio from 80% to 40% can give annual cooling energy savings of up to 18%. Moreover, significant net annual cooling energy savings of 13.65% can be achieved by changing the indoor set-point temperature from 24 °C to 26 °C. The proposed model will serve as a reference for building energy efficiency practitioners to identify key relationships between building physical characteristics and operational strategies to minimize cooling energy demand at a minimal time in comparison to traditional energy estimation methods.

Modeling Method of Building Energy Consumption & Conservation

2013 ◽  
Vol 415 ◽  
pp. 716-721
Author(s):  
Xiao Hua Chen ◽  
Yun Long Ma ◽  
Guo Feng Zhang ◽  
Bo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Ant Colony Algorithm ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Growth Trend

With the accelerated urbanization process and the improving of peoples living standard, China's building energy consumption shows rigid growth trend. Under the promotion of industrialization, the level of energy efficiency of industrial sector goes up fast, while the energy conservation potential in industrial field declines, building energy efficiency turns out to be the key to accomplish this goal. This paper analyzes in depth building energy consumption data and brings up the methods of creating the building energy consumption and conservation models. Through measurement of building energy consumption in subentry, the data of building materials, construction, equipments and maintenance are collected, and the building management & control methods are investigated as well. Based on the data collected and investigation results, the linear regression model and decision tree model are created. The models can be used to forecast the building energy consumption and analyze the dependency between each statistic. Based on the dependency and the forecast, the energy saving model is created. With the ant colony algorithm being used, the best solution of the lowest energy consumption is found.

Research on the Remote Monitoring System of Building Energy Consumption Based on GSM/GPRS

2012 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 782-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Zhi Liang ◽  
Meng Meng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Remote Monitoring System

The paper aim the remote monitoring system of energy consumption in buildings based on GSM/GPRS by a case, and introduces the system framework, operating mode, transmission technology, equipments and installation requirements, as well as illustrating software composition and function of the data center. The system can reflect classified electricity consumption in monitored buildings correctly. It not only understand situation of energy consumption in real-time, but also offers basic data for further energy auditing and energy efficiency assessment. The conclusion can develop management of building energy consumption and increase the building energy efficiency.

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