scholarly journals Development of a Control Platform for a Building-Scale Hybrid Solar PV-Natural Gas Microgrid

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4202
Author(s):  
Parhum Delgoshaei ◽  
James D. Freihaut
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Operational Modes

Building-scale microgrids are a type of behind-the-meter microgrids where the building operator has control of the distributed energy resources, including, in this case, a natural gas-fired microturbine in addition to solar PV and battery energy storage systems. There is a growing trend in deploying behind-the-meter microgrids due to their benefits including the resiliency of serving critical loads, especially in regions with abundant natural gas. In order to ensure distributed energy resources are dispatched optimally for the desired mode of operation, a hierarchical control platform including a centralized controller was developed and installed. The platform includes communication and control infrastructure that interface with controllers for distributed energy resources and the building automation system of a recently built energy efficient commercial building. Based on desirable outcomes under different grid and building conditions, operational modes were defined for the microgrid controller. The controller is programmed to map each mode to respective operational modes for distributed energy resources controllers. Experimental data for test runs corresponding to two operational modes confirm the communication and control infrastructure can execute hierarchical control commands. Finally, dispatch optimization for a year-long simulation of system operation is presented and the benefits of the hybrid solar PV-natural gas setup are evaluated.

scholarly journals Risk-Averse Scheduling of Combined Heat and Power-Based Microgrids in Presence of Uncertain Distributed Energy Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7119
Author(s):  
Abbas Rabiee ◽  
Ali Abdali ◽  
Seyed Masoud Mohseni-Bonab ◽  
Mohsen Hazrati
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Robust Scheduling ◽  
Battery Energy ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, a robust scheduling model is proposed for combined heat and power (CHP)-based microgrids using information gap decision theory (IGDT). The microgrid under study consists of conventional power generation as well as boiler units, fuel cells, CHPs, wind turbines, solar PVs, heat storage units, and battery energy storage systems (BESS) as the set of distributed energy resources (DERs). Additionally, a demand response program (DRP) model is considered which has a successful performance in the microgrid hourly scheduling. One of the goals of CHP-based microgrid scheduling is to provide both thermal and electrical energy demands of the consumers. Additionally, the other objective is to benefit from the revenues obtained by selling the surplus electricity to the main grid during the high energy price intervals or purchasing it from the grid when the price of electricity is low at the electric market. Hence, in this paper, a robust scheduling approach is developed with the aim of maximizing the total profit of different energy suppliers in the entire scheduling horizon. The employed IGDT technique aims to handle the impact of uncertainties in the power output of wind and solar PV units on the overall profit.

Evaluation of Commercial Building Clusters With Energy Storage to Reduce Reliance on Electrical Utility Grids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Kaminski ◽  
Philip Odonkor
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Distributed Resources ◽  
And Storage

Abstract The decreasing cost of implementation and increasing regulatory incentive to lower energy use have led to an increased adoption of distributed energy resources in recent years. This increased adoption has been further fueled by a surge in energy consciousness and the expansion of energy-saving products and technologies. To lower reliance on the electrical grid and fully realize the benefits of distributed energy resources, many consumers have also elected to use battery systems to store generated energy. For owners of multiple buildings, or multiple owners willing to share the operational cost, building clusters may be formed to more effectively take advantage of these distributed resources and storage systems. The implementation of these systems in existing buildings introduces the question of what makes a “good” building cluster. Furthermore, the scalable nature of distributed energy sources and storage systems create countless possibilities for system configuration. Through comparison of unique two-building clusters from a stock of five buildings with a given distributed energy resource (in this case, a solar photovoltaic panel array) and energy storage system, we develop a fundamental understanding of the underlying factors that allow building clusters to be less reliant on the utility grid and make better use of energy generation and storage systems.

Distribution Static Compensators and their Applications in Microgrids

2017 ◽  
pp. 87-141
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abu-Siada ◽  
Mohammad A. S. Masoum ◽  
Yasser Alharbi ◽  
Farhad Shahnia ◽  
A .M. Shiddiq Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Power Quality Improvement ◽  
And Control ◽  
Unbalanced Loads

Microgrids are clusters of distributed energy resources, energy storage systems and loads which are capable of operating in grid-connected as well as in offgrid modes. In the off-grid mode, the energy resources supply the demand while maintaining the voltage and frequency within acceptable limits whereas in the gridconnected mode, the energy resources supply the maximum or nominal power and the network voltage and frequency is maintained by the grid. This chapter first summarizes the structure and control principles of microgrids. It then briefly introduces the structures and control perspectives of distribution static compensators (DSTATCOMs). Finally, some applications of DSTATCOMs are discussed in microgrids. The introduced applications are power quality improvement due to the presence of nonlinear and unbalanced loads, voltage regulation and balancing, and interphase power circulation in the case of the presence of single-phase energy resources with unequal distribution amongst phases. Each application is illustrated by examples, realized in PSCAD/EMTDC.

scholarly journals Modeling and Optimization of Energy Hubs: A Comprehensive Review

Inventions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maroufmashat ◽  
Taqvi ◽  
Miragha ◽  
Fowler ◽  
Elkamel
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Energy Hub ◽  
And Control

: The concept of energy hubs has grown in prominence as a part of future energy systems, driven by the spread of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and the inception of the smart grid. This paper systematically reviews 200 articles about energy hubs, published from 2007 to 2017, and summarizes them based on their modeling approach, planning and operation, economic and environmental considerations, and energy hub applications. The common applications of energy hubs are considered, such as distributed energy resources, the consideration of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs), and the hydrogen economy. This paper examines modeling approaches towards energy hubs, including storage and its network models; it mentions some of the optimization strategies used to tackle the efficient operation and control of energy hubs. The novelty of this work lies in the classification of research papers related to energy hubs, the development of a generic framework for modeling these multiple energy flow carriers with storage and network considerations, and the provision of solution techniques in line with energy hub optimization.

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