scholarly journals An Optimisation Approach for Long-Term Industrial Investment Planning

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hür Bütün ◽  
Ivan Kantor ◽  
François Maréchal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Optimal Investment ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Investment Planning ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Time Horizons

The industrial sector has a large presence in world energy consumption and CO2 emissions, which has made it one of the focal points for energy and resource efficiency studies. However, large investments are required to retrofit existing industrial plants, which remains the largest barrier to implementing energy saving solutions. Process integration methods can be used to identify the best investments to improve the efficiency of plants, yet their timing remains to be answered using an optimisation approach. Even more critically, such decisions must also account for future investments to avoid stranded or regretted investments. This paper presents a method incorporating investment planning over long time horizons in the framework of process integration. The time horizon is included by formulating the problem using multiple investment periods. Investment planning is conducted using a superstructure approach, which permits both commissioning and decommissioning of units in the beginning of each period. The method is applied to a large case study, with an industrial cluster neighbouring an urban centre to also explore options of heat integration between industries and cities. Compared to the business-as-usual operation, optimal investment planning improves the operating cost of the system by 27% without budget constraints and 16–26% with constraints on budget and investment periods, which is reflected as an increase in net present value and a decrease in CO2 emissions. In all cases, the operating cost benefits pay off the investment in less than two years. The present work is efficient in finding energy saving solutions based on the interest of industries. This method adds additional perspectives in the decision-making process and is adaptable to various time horizons, budgets and economic constraints.

Energy Saving in Industrial Sector of Economy of Ukraine

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
G. G. Pivnyak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Industrial Sector

Scaling-up the installation of hybrid solar collectors to reduce CO2 emissions in a Mexican industrial sector from now to 2030

2021 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 117202
Author(s):  
Iván P. Acosta-Pazmiño ◽  
C.I. Rivera-Solorio ◽  
M. Gijón-Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Solar Collectors

scholarly journals Are CO2 emissions converging in the European Union? Policy implications

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Rafael Morales-Lage ◽  
Aurelia Bengochea-Morancho ◽  
Immaculada Martínez-Zarzoso
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Conditional Convergence ◽  
European Union Policy ◽  
Cross Sectional

This paper focuses on the process of convergence in per capita CO2 emissions that would occur if the measures taken by the European Union to meet the Kyoto Protocol commitments had been effective. We apply a time series and cross-sectional analysis to test for the existence of convergence among countries and for different economic sectors. The sample covers data for the 28 member countries from 1960 to 2012. The results show weak absolute convergence across countries but clear evidence of conditional convergence, with GDP, the weight of industrial sector and the use of renewable energies being the main drivers of divergence. Concerning sectors, there is an increase of emissions in the agricultural sector, but a reduction in the industrial and energy sectors. Different patterns arise in the energy subsectors where manufacturing and electricity notably reduced their emissions while the transport sector increased them in all countries.

scholarly journals Value-Centric Approaches to Design, Operations, and Maintenance of Wind Turbines

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhur A. Khadabadi ◽  
Karen B. Marais
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Operations And Maintenance ◽  
Farm Operators

Wind turbine maintenance is emerging as an unexpectedly high component of turbine operating cost and there is an increasing interest in managing this cost. Here, we present an alternative view of maintenance as a value-driver, and develop an optimization algorithm to maximize the value delivered by maintenance. We model the stochastic deterioration of the turbine in two dimensions: the deterioration rate, and the extent of deterioration, and view maintenance as an operator that moves the turbine to an improved state in which it can generate more power and so earn more revenue. We then use a standard net present value (NPV) approach to calculate the value of the turbine by deducting the costs incurred in the installation, operations and maintenance from the revenue due to the power generation. The application of our model is demonstrated using several scenarios with a focus on blade deterioration. We evaluate the value delivered by implementing blade condition monitoring systems (CMS). A higher fidelity CMS allows the blade state to be determined with higher precision. With this improved state information, an optimal maintenance strategy can be derived. The difference between the value of the turbine with and without CMS can be interpreted as the value of the CMS. The results indicate that a higher fidelity (and more expensive) condition monitoring system (CMS) does not necessarily yield the highest value, and, that there is an optimal level of fidelity that results in maximum value. The contributions of this work are twofold. First, it is a practical approach to wind turbine valuation and operation that takes operating and market conditions into account. This work should therefore be useful to wind farm operators and investors. Second, it shows how the value of a CMS can be explicitly assessed. This work should therefore be useful to CMS manufacturers and wind farm operators.

scholarly journals Analisis Perencanaan Investasi Jaringan Tenaga Listrik

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dwi Ajiatmo
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Social Discount Rate ◽  
Investment Planning ◽  
Present Value ◽  
The Social

Electricity is able to make a positive change and contribution to people's lives and well-being. This study aims to assess the feasibility of investment in the construction of low voltage electricity networks. The method used with project evaluation analysis is based on financial analysis. The criteria used to analyze activities carried out for 10 years use payback period (PP) analysis, net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and profitability index (IP). The results showed that the analysis of investment planning can be carried out with the consequence of the results obtained in the form of not so large returns. PP results show the investment value with the payback period method will Return in the 9th year, while the positive NPV value is still above zero while the IRR value shows the value of 11% below the social discount rate as well as the IP value showing the value of 0.90. The feasibility of investment in terms of economic-financial analysis by looking at per criteria shows that investment is still feasible to be carried out with minimal profit levels.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHA TANAMAN HIAS DI KOTA SAMARINDA (Analysis of Financial Feasibility of Ornamental Plants Business in Samarinda City)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
ERICK ABDUL MUTAKABBIR ◽  
NELLA NAOMI DUAKAJU
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost

Ornamental plants are commonly planted by people as decoration. This study aimed to determine income and financial feasibility of ornamental plants business in Samarinda City. This study was done in three months since November 2017 until Januari 2018 in Samarinda City. The sampling method used purposive sampling method with the number of samples as many as 29 respondents.  The data were collected through interviews with respondents. The assesment of business feasibility  was done by using some investment criterias such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), dan Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C Ratio). The results of this study showed that ornamental plants business in Samarinda City owns the average of investment cost of IDR90,982,931.00 year-1, the average of operating cost of IDR37,307,586.00 year-1, the average of revenue of IDR118,506,206.00 year-1, and the average of income of IDR81,198,620.00 year-1. The assesment results of investment in ornamental plants business in Samarinda City are NPV of IDR75,074,609.00 at discount rate of factor of 12%, IRR of 65%, while Net B/C Ratio of 1,82. This is showed that ornamental plants business in Samarinda City is financially feasible to be done.

Technical and Economic Assessment on Various Energy-Saving Reconstruction of Public Buildings

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 1289-1295
Author(s):  
Ren Jun ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Xiang Yang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Financial Assessment ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

The Paper, based on the theory of technical and economic assessment, puts forward to make financial assessment (on net present value, payback time, risk-benefit ratio, etc.) as the economic control index in accordance with the ideology of entire life cycle during the energy-saving reconstruction of public buildings. Then the Paper makes analysis on cost-benefit ratio of energy-saving reconstruction measures taken on various parts and equipment of outer protective structure, finds out approaches to energy-saving reconstruction with high efficiency, and finally adopts the method of sensitivity analysis on individual energy-saving reconstruction measures to further optimize reconstruction plan, thus improving economic benefits of energy saving.

Potential for reduction of CO2 emissions and a low-carbon scenario for the Brazilian industrial sector

Energy Policy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1946-1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio F. Henriques ◽  
Fabrício Dantas ◽  
Roberto Schaeffer
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Reduction Of Co2
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