scholarly journals Continuous Lithium Extraction from Aqueous Solution Using Flow-Electrode Capacitive Deionization

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuncheol Ha ◽  
Hye Bin Jung ◽  
Hyunseung Lim ◽  
Pil Sung Jo ◽  
Hana Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Feed Flow Rate ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Feed Stream

Flow-electrode-based capacitive deionization (FCDI) is a desalination process that uses electrostatic adsorption and desorption of ions onto electrode materials. It provides a continuous desalination flow with high salt removal performance and low energy consumption. Since lithium has been regarded as an essential element for the last few decades, the efficient production of lithium from the natural environment has been intensively investigated. In this study, we have extracted lithium ions from aqueous solution by using FCDI desalination. We confirmed that lithium and chloride ions could be continuously collected and that the salt removal rate depends on various parameters, including feed-flow rate and a feed saline concentration. We found that the salt removal rate increases as the feed-flow rate decreases and the feed salt concentration increases. Furthermore, the salt removal rate depends on the circulation mode of the feed solution (continuous feed stream vs. batch feed stream), which allows control of the desalination performance (higher capacity vs. higher efficiency) depending on the purpose of the application. The salt removal rate was highest, at 215.06 μmol/m−2s−1, at the feed rate of 3 mL/min and the feed concentration of 100 mg/L. We believe that such efficient and continuous extraction of lithium chloride using FCDI desalination can open a new door for the current lithium-production industry, which typically uses natural water evaporation.

scholarly journals FIXED-BED ADSORPTION OF AQUEOUS VANILLIN ONTO RESIN H103

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
Rozaimi Abu Samah
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Feed Flow Rate ◽  
Fixed Bed Column ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Fixed Bed Adsorption

The main objective of this work was to design and model fixed bed adsorption column for the adsorption of vanillin from aqueous solution. Three parameters were evaluated for identifying the performance of vanillin adsorption in fixed-bed mode, which were bed height, vanillin initial concentration, and feed flow rate. The maximum adsorption capacity was increased more than threefold to 314.96 mg vanillin/g resin when the bed height was increased from 5 cm to 15 cm. Bohart-Adams model and Belter equation were used for designing fixed-bed column and predicting the performance of the adsorption process. A high value of determination coefficient (R2) of 0.9672 was obtained for the modelling of vanillin adsorption onto resin H103.

Dehumidification of Air by the Composite Membrane Coated with Hydrophilic Polymer on Inorganic Substrate

2008 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
pp. 337-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Ho Song ◽  
Seong Heon Cho ◽  
Kwang Rae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Hydrophilic Polymer ◽  
Feed Flow Rate ◽  
Feed Stream ◽  
Inorganic Substrate

A membrane permeable to water vapor was prepared and used for dehumidification of air. At a given feed flow rate, the permeation ratios were almost independent to relative humidities of feed stream; The permeation ratios were about 45%, 60%, and 25% at feed flow rate of 50, 70, and 90cc/min, respectively. Permeation ratio might also be enhanced with increasing feed flow rate. However, the permeation ratio (about 25%) at a feed flow rate of 90cc/min was much less than at 50cc/min (about 45%) and 70cc/min (about 60%). This phenomenon might be explained that a water film does form at surface of membrane because the amount of water vapor contained in feed stream of 90cc/min was much more than the permeate through the membrane.

Recovery of Molybdenum (VI) from Aqueous Solution with Packed Foam Column by Steady-State

2013 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 270-276
Author(s):  
Yong Qiang Zhang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Mei Ling Shi ◽  
Xiao Xian Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Enrichment Ratio ◽  
Feed Flow Rate ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Distribution Density Function

The purpose of this study is to recover molybdenum (VI) from aqueous solution with packed foam column by steady-state operation using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride as the surfactant. The parameters include air and feed flow rate, packing layer heights, surfactant concentration and pH etc, then the macroscopical dynamics is studied. The experimental results show that there are little effects of liquor pH, air flowrate and surfactant concentration on recovery rate and enrichment ratio of molybdenum within experimental conditions, but with increase of feed flow rate, recovery rate and enrichment ratio all decline clearly, with increase of packing height, recovery rate enhances evidently, and enrichment ratio decreases slowly. The macroscopical dynamics show that the process can be regarded as first order reaction. The fluid flow pattern is close to piston, indicating that there is little liquid backmixing and in favor of advancing separation efficiency by analyzing variance and distribution density function.

DESALINATION BY CAPACITIVE DEIONIZATION WITH CARBON-BASED MATERIALS AS ELECTRODE: A REVIEW

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (06) ◽  
pp. 1330003 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEI HUANG ◽  
YIMIN ZHANG ◽  
SHENXU BAO ◽  
SHAOXIAN SONG
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Adsorption Models ◽  
Research Status ◽  
Carbon Based

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a recently developed electrosorption technology for deionization using porous electrodes. The electrode materials play an important role in the efficiency. This paper highlights the current research status of carbon-based materials as the electrode and the adsorption models in the CDI. It includes the types and performances of carbon-based materials and the main influencing factors of the desalination characteristics. Also, operating parameters such as charging voltage, flow rate, concentration of feed solution, treating time and temperature are summarized.

Experimental and Modelling of Aqueous Radioactive Waste Treatment by Ultrafiltration

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1149-1151
Author(s):  
Laura Ruxandra Zicman ◽  
Elena Neacsu ◽  
Felicia Nicoleta Dragolici ◽  
Catalin Ciobanu ◽  
Gheorghe Dogaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Feed Flow Rate ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Process Factors ◽  
Volumetric Flux

Ultrafiltration of untreated and pretreated aqueous radioactive wastes was conducted using a spiral-wound polysulphonamide membrane. The influence of process factors on its performances was experimental studied and predicted. Permeate volumetric flux and permeate total suspended solids (TSS) were measured at different values of feed flow rate (7 and 10 m3/h), operating pressure (0.1-0.4 MPa), and feed TSS (15 and 60 mg/L). Permeate flux (42-200 L/(m2�h)) increased with feed flow rate and operating pressure as well as it decreased with an increase in feed TSS, whereas permeate TSS (0.1-33.2 mg/L) exhibited an opposite trend. A 23 factorial plan was used to establish correlations between dependent and independent variables of ultrafiltration process.

Utilization of Waste of Enzymes Biomass as Biosorbent for the Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solution in Batch and Fluidized Bed Column

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Salman H. Abbas ◽  
Younis M. Younis ◽  
Mohammed K. Hussain ◽  
Firas Hashim Kamar ◽  
Gheorghe Nechifor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Flow

The biosorption performance of both batch and liquid-solid fluidized bed operations of dead fungal biomass type (Agaricusbisporus ) for removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution was investigated. In batch system, the adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of dead fungal biomass were evaluated. In fluidized bed system, the experiments were conducted to study the effects of important parameters such as particle size (701-1400�m), initial dye concentration(10-100 mg/L), bed depth (5-15 cm) and solution flow rate (5-20 ml/min) on breakthrough curves. In batch method, the experimental data was modeled using several models (Langmuir,Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkviechmodels) to study equilibrium isotherms, the experimental data followed Langmuir model and the results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity obtained was (28.90, 24.15, 21.23 mg/g) at mean particle size (0.786, 0.935, 1.280 mm) respectively. In Fluidized-bed method, the results show that the total ion uptake and the overall capacity will be decreased with increasing flow rate and increased with increasing initial concentrations, bed depth and decreasing particle size.

Heterogeneous Fenton Catalytic Removal of Organic Pollutant in Aqueous Solution by using Coal Gangue as a Catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-325
Author(s):  
Jiwei Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Xu ◽  
Shuaixia Liu ◽  
Baoxiang Gu ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Heterogeneous Fenton ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
X Ray

Background: Coal gangue was used as a catalyst in heterogeneous Fenton process for the degradation of azo dye and phenol. The influencing factors, such as solution pH gangue concentration and hydrogen peroxide dosage were investigated, and the reaction mechanism between coal gangue and hydrogen peroxide was also discussed. Methods: Experimental results showed that coal gangue has the ability to activate hydrogen peroxide to degrade environmental pollutants in aqueous solution. Under optimal conditions, after 60 minutes of treatment, more than 90.57% of reactive red dye was removed, and the removal efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) up to 72.83%. Results: Both hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical anion participated in the degradation of organic pollutant but hydroxyl radical predominated. Stability tests for coal gangue were also carried out via the continuous degradation experiment and ion leakage analysis. After five times continuous degradation, dye removal rate decreased slightly and the leached Fe was still at very low level (2.24-3.02 mg L-1). The results of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-Ray Spectrometer (EDS) and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) indicated that coal gangue catalyst is stable after five times continuous reuse. Conclusion: The progress in this research suggested that coal gangue is a potential nature catalyst for the efficient degradation of organic pollutant in water and wastewater via the Fenton reaction.

3D hierarchical porous N-doped carbon quantum dots/vanadium nitride hybrid microflowers as a superior electrode material toward high-performance asymmetric capacitive deionization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxuan Zhao ◽  
Zhibo Zhao ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
Xiangdong Ma ◽  
Meidan Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Vanadium Nitride ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Hierarchical Porous

Taking into account of time-confusing preparation processing and unsatisfied desalination capacity of carbon nanomaterials, exploring efficient electrode materials remains a great challenge for practical capacitive deionization (CDI) application. In this...

scholarly journals Effects of Fe-Doped Electrolyte and Feed Flow Rate Evaluation in Home Made Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

2021 ◽  
Vol 1143 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
Hary Devianto ◽  
Isdiriyani Nurdin ◽  
Pramujo Widiatmoko ◽  
Kafi Adi Prasetya ◽  
Basil Pradipta
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Feed Flow Rate ◽  
Rate Evaluation
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