scholarly journals How Does Information and Communication Technology Capital Affect Productivity in the Energy Sector? New Evidence from 14 Countries, Considering the Transition to Renewable Energy Systems

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1786
Author(s):  
Hidemichi Fujii ◽  
Akihiko Shinozaki ◽  
Shigemi Kagawa ◽  
Shunsuke Managi
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Distributed Energy

By focusing on a distributed energy system that has been widely diffused for efficient utilization of renewable energy generation in recent years, this paper investigates the relationship between productivity growth and information and communications technology capital in the energy sector. Information and communications technology is a key factor in operating distributed energy systems in a way that balances energy supply and demand in order to minimize energy loss and to enhance capacity utilization. The objective of this study is to clarify the determining factors that affect productivity growth, focusing on three different information and communications technologies: information technology capital, communication technology capital and software capital. Our estimation sample covers energy sectors in 14 countries from 2000 to 2014. The results show that information technology and software capital contribute to increasing material productivity and capital productivity in the energy sector, respectively. Meanwhile, communication technology capital negatively affects these two productivity indicators.

scholarly journals Use of ICT to Enhance the Learning Process in Higher Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Chetlal Prasad ◽  
Pushpa Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Teaching Learning

ICTs in Education refers to the development of information and communications technology specifically for teaching/learning purposes, while the ICTs in education involves the adoption of general components of information and communication technologies in the teaching learning process. The National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NME-ICT), launched in 2009 by the Central Government. Let’s see how Information and Communication Technology (ICT) evolved the Higher Education system: The role of ICT in higher education, what students learn, The role of ICT in Higher Education, how Students Learn, The role of ICT in Higher Education, when students learn, The role of ICT in higher education, where students learn. Online courses, development of e-content, e-learning, digital libraries, online encyclopaedias, journals, and books would promote learning and make knowledge available to all irrespective of the distance or location or financial resources. Government intervention is necessary so that ICT can be made successful in higher education. Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has the proven power to change the world. This acronym refers to the merging of audiovisual and telephone networks with the computer single unified system of cabling.

scholarly journals Energy, Environmental and Economic Performance of an Urban Community Hybrid Distributed Energy System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Fichera ◽  
Elisa Marrasso ◽  
Maurizio Sasso ◽  
Rosaria Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
General Validity ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Distributed Energy System

Energy systems face great challenges from both the supply and demand sides. Strong efforts have been devoted to investigate technological solutions aiming at overcoming the problems of fossil fuel depletion and the environmental issues due to the carbon emissions. Hybrid (activated by both renewables and fossil fuels) distributed energy systems can be considered a very effective and promising technology to replace traditional centralized energy systems. As a most peculiar characteristic, they reduce the use of fossil sources and transmission and distribution losses along the main power grid and contribute to electric peak shaving and partial-loads losses reduction. As a direct consequence, the transition from centralized towards hybrid decentralized energy systems leads to a new role for citizens, shifting from a passive energy consumer to active prosumers able to produce energy and distribute energy. Such a complex system needs to be carefully modelled to account for the energy interactions with prosumers, local microgrids and main grids. Thus, the aim of this paper is to investigate the performance of a hybrid distributed energy system serving an urban community and modelled within the framework of agent-based theory. The model is of general validity and estimates (i) the layout of the links along which electricity is distributed among agents in the local microgrid, (ii) electricity exchanged among agents and (iii) electricity exported to the main power grid or imported from it. A scenario analysis has been conducted at varying the distance of connection among prosumers, the installed capacity in the area and the usage of links. The distributed energy system has been compared to a centralized energy system in which the electricity requests of the urban community are satisfied by taking electricity from the main grid. The comparison analysis is carried out from an energy, environmental and economic point of view by evaluating the primary energy saving, avoided carbon dioxide emissions and the simple payback period indices.

Recent Progress in Reducing the Uncertainty in and Improving Pyranometer Calibrations

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl R. Myers ◽  
Thomas L. Stoffel ◽  
Ibrahim Reda ◽  
Stephen M. Wilcox ◽  
Afshin M. Andreas
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Climate Change Research ◽  
Renewable Energy Systems ◽  
Radiation Fluxes ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Array Performance

Abstract The Measurements and Instrumentation Team within the Distributed Energy Resources Center at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL, calibrates pyranometers for outdoor testing solar energy conversion systems. The team also supports climate change research programs. These activities led NREL to improve pyranometer calibrations. Low thermal-offset radiometers measuring the sky diffuse component of the reference solar irradiance removes bias errors on the order of 20 Watts per square meter (W/m2) in the calibration reference irradiance. Zenith angle dependent corrections to responsivities of pyranometers removes 15 to 30 W/m2 bias errors from field measurements. Detailed uncertainty analysis of our outdoor calibration process shows a 20% reduction in the uncertainty in the responsivity of pyranometers. These improvements affect photovoltaic module and array performance characterization, assessment of solar resources for design, sizing, and deployment of solar renewable energy systems, and ground-based validation of satellite-derived solar radiation fluxes.

scholarly journals Conceptualising flexibility: Challenging representations of time and society in the energy sector*

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 923-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Blue ◽  
Elizabeth Shove ◽  
Peter Forman
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Broad Agreement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Rhythms ◽  
Sector Work ◽  
Do So

There is broad agreement that the need to decarbonise and make better use of renewable and more intermittent sources of power will require increased flexibility in energy systems. However, organisations involved in the energy sector work with very different interpretations of what this might involve. In describing how the notion of flexibility is reified, commodified, and operationalised in sometimes disparate and sometimes connected ways, we show that matters of time and timing are routinely abstracted from the social practices and forms of provision on which the rhythms of supply and demand depend. We argue that these forms of abstraction have the ironic effect of stabilising interpretations of need and demand, and of limiting rather than enabling the emergence of new practices and patterns of demand alongside, and as part of, a radically decarbonised energy system. One way out of this impasse is to conceptualise flexibility as an emergent outcome of the sequencing and synchronisation of social practices. To do so requires a more integrated and historical account of how supply and demand constitute each other and how both are implicated in the temporal organisation of everyday life. It follows that efforts to promote flexibility in the energy sector need to look beyond systems of provision, price, technology, and demand-side management narrowly defined, and instead focus on the social rhythms and the timing of what people do.

US financial sector may be sound, but not safe

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Too Big To Fail ◽  
Carbon Pricing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bank For International Settlements ◽  
Oil Gas

Subject The implications of a large US financial sector. Significance The largest US banks have posted strong first-quarter earnings amid attacks by Senator Elizabeth Warren, who has presented programmes to scale back the size and influence of too-big-to-fail (TBTF) banks. However, a recent Bank for International Settlements (BIS) paper argues that the growth of large financial sectors stymies wider productivity, growth and innovation. This case could motivate policymakers of both parties to take a renewed look at the industry. Impacts Consolidation in the financial sector may be leaving the industry vulnerable to future shocks. The energy sector could be the next bubble, as renewable energy and carbon pricing could drive oil, gas and coal companies into bankruptcy. This would imperil the 6 trillion dollars of global investment into fossil fuels since 2007.

The Role of Information and Communications Technology Inputs

2003 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 58-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary O'Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Role Of Information

The impact of recent advances in information technology on output and productivity growth has been one of the key research questions in the past few years. A consensus has emerged that the use of information and communications technology (ICT) capital has had a significant impact on aggregate economy-wide labour productivity growth through the capital deepening channel in the United States in the 1990s (see the discussion and references in the papers below). Evidence is also emerging of a delayed but nonetheless significant impact in European and other OECD economies. These findings have stimulated additional research using microeconomic data focusing on both the industry or company level.

Information and Communication Technology for SMEs' Competitiveness

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Neeta Baporikar
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Competitive Firm ◽  
The People ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Role Of Information

Competitiveness of a firm is its capacity to achieve its targets. These targets are likely to be expressed in a variety of terms depending on the context (Barney 2002). Within a macroeconomic perspective, a competitive firm develops and sustains a level of performance that contributes to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), employment opportunities, and the wealth of the people. From an entrepreneurial perspective, a competitive firm needs to survive in the market and to achieve market share and profitability. This paper deliberates regarding the theory of competitive advantage and discusses the role of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) for augmenting SMEs' competitiveness.

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