scholarly journals A Power Converter Decoupled from the Resonant Network for Wireless Inductive Coupling Power Transfer

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Chen ◽  
Jianfeng Hong ◽  
Mingjie Guan ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Wenxiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Power Control ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Soft Switching ◽  
Inductive Coupling ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Coupling Coefficients ◽  
Strongly Coupled

In a traditional inductive coupling power transfer (ICPT) system, the converter and the resonant network are strongly coupled. Since the coupling coefficient and the parameters of the resonant network usually vary, the resonant network easily detunes, and the system efficiency, power source capacity, power control, and soft switching conditions of the ICPT system are considerably affected. This paper presents an ICPT system based on a power converter decoupled from the resonant network. In the proposed system, the primary inductor is disconnected from the resonant network during the energy injection stage. After storing a certain amount of energy, the primary inductor is reconnects with the resonant network. Through this method, the converter can be decoupled from the resonant network, and the resonant network can be tuned under various coupling coefficients. Theoretical analysis was explored first. Simulations and experimental work are carried out to verify the theoretical analysis. The results show that the proposed ICPT system has the virtues of low power source capacity, independent power control, and soft switching operation under different coupling coefficients.

scholarly journals Dual-Side Phase-Shift Control for Strongly Coupled Series–Series Compensated Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Yiming Zhang ◽  
Zhiwei Shen ◽  
Yuanchao Wu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Wenbin Pan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Harmonic Approximation ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Soft Switching ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Loosely Coupled ◽  
Shift Control

Wireless power transfer (WPT) for electric vehicles is an emerging technology and a future trend. To increase power density, the coupling coefficient of coils can be designed to be large, forming a strongly coupled WPT system, different from the conventional loosely coupled WPT system. In this way, the power density and efficiency of the WPT system can be improved. This paper investigates the dual-side phase-shift control of the strongly coupled series–series compensated WPT systems. The mathematical models based on the conventional first harmonic approximation and differential equations for the dual-side phase-shift control are built and compared. The dual-side phase-shift angle and its impact on the power transfer direction and soft switching are investigated. It is found that synchronous rectification at strong couplings can lead to hard switching because the dual-side phase shift in this case is over 90°. In comparison, a relatively high efficiency and soft switching can be realized when the dual-side phase shift is below 90°. The experimental results have validated the analysis.

scholarly journals Design of an Intrinsically Safe Series-Series Compensation WPT System for Automotive LiDAR

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Cardoso ◽  
Vítor Monteiro ◽  
José Pinto ◽  
Miguel Nogueira ◽  
Adérito Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Secondary Coil ◽  
Primary Circuit ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Coupling Coefficients ◽  
Primary Coil ◽  
Resonant Condition

The earliest and simplest impedance compensation technique used in inductive wireless power transfer (WPT) design is the series-series (SS) compensation circuit, which uses capacitors in series with both primary and secondary coils of an air-gapped transformer. Despite of its simplicity at the resonant condition, this configuration exhibits a major sensitivity to variations of the load attached to the secondary, especially when higher coupling coefficients are used in the design. In the extreme situation that the secondary coil is left at open circuit, the current at the primary coil may increase above the safety limits for either the power converter driving the primary coil or the components in the primary circuit, including the coil itself. An approach often used to minimize this problem is detuning, but this also reduces the electrical efficiency of the power transfer. In low power, fixed-distance stationary WPT, a fair trade-off between efficiency and safety must be verified. This paper aims to consolidate a simple design procedure for such a SS-compensation, exemplifying its use in the prototype of a WPT system for automotive light detection and ranging (LiDAR) equipment. The guidelines herein provided should equally apply to other low power applications.

scholarly journals A Review on the Fundamentals and Practical Implementation Details of Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonant Technology for Wireless Power Transfer

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Triviño-Cabrera ◽  
José Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Power Transfer ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Transfer Energy ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Home Appliances ◽  
Resonant Systems ◽  
Physical Principles

Users are increasing their demands on the home appliances they utilize by requiring them to be powered anywhere and anytime. In order to satisfy this need, wireless power transfer helps transfer energy between objects without conductors. For domestic scenarios, strongly magnetic resonant technology offers a method to enable wireless power transfer, even when there exist intermediate non-metallic objects between the wireless power source and the load. This paper reviews this technology with a comprehensive explanation about its fundamentals and physical principles. Some practical issues are also analyzed in this work. Particularly, how the control can be designed and how the coils are built. Finally, this paper also addresses the study about the features of other technologies to power home appliances without conductors. They can be foreseen as the technological competitors of strongly coupled magnetic resonant systems.

scholarly journals A Converter Based on Independently Inductive Energy Injection and Free Resonance for Wireless Energy Transfer

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen ◽  
Hong ◽  
Guan ◽  
Lin ◽  
Chen
Keyword(s):  
Power Control ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Coupling Factor ◽  
Soft Switching ◽  
Wireless Energy Transfer ◽  
Switching Operation ◽  
Inductive Power Transfer ◽  
Transmission Process

Strong coupling in an inductive power transfer (IPT) system will lead to difficulties in power control and loss of soft switching conditions. This paper presents an IPT system that can decouple the converter from the resonant network. In the proposed system, the energy transmission process is divided into energy injection stage and free resonance stage. In the energy injection stage, the inductor is separated from the resonance network, and the power source injects energy into the inductor independently. In the free resonance stage, the inductor is connected to the resonance network for resonating. As a benefit from the decoupling of the converter from the resonance network, the proposed IPT system is characterized by easy power control and soft switching operation. A prototype was built for experiments. The experimental results show that with a supply voltage of 300 V, coupling factor of 0.2, and load resistance of 10 Ω, the output power can be controlled nearly linearly by the time of the energy injection stage in a range of 40–60 μs, and the system works under soft switching conditions.

Modeling of Flywheel Hybrid Powertrain to Optimize Energy Consumption in Mechanical Hybrid Motorcycle

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zaidan Abdul Manaf ◽  
Nik Abdullah Nik Mohamed ◽  
Mohamad Shukri Zakaria ◽  
Mohd Noor Asril Saadun ◽  
Mohd Hafidzal Mohd Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Power Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Secondary Power

The creation of internal combustion engine is a significant milestone in power engineering world which simplified high mechanical energy demand jobs like moving vehicle and machinery. Even though the internal combustion engine gives lot of advantages, however, this type of engine is incapable to convert the heat energy from fuel combustion to the mechanical energy efficiently. Small capacity engine e.g. motorcycle engine having the power conversion efficiency between 25-30%. Therefore, alternative power source is required to support the internal combustion engine in order to increase the overall system efficiency. These phenomena give encouragement to implement the hybridization process. This is to increase the system efficiency in transferring power to the wheel. Hybridization processes e.g. flywheel as secondary power source can increase power transfer efficiency between 30%-80%. Hence, the purpose of this research is to develop the mathematical model of the power transfer efficiency of flywheel hybrid motorcycle by using back trace simulation method. This model will record the amount of energy use in acceleration phase of the driving cycle. Subsequently, the efficiency ratio of motorcycle power transfer is calculated and comparison of those ratios between the conventional motorcycle and the hybrid motorcycle is made. The outstanding results show that the hybrid motorcycle is capable to conserve the energy used up to 36% compare to the conventional motorcycle that wasted energy up to 200%. As a conclusion, flywheel as the secondary power source is capable to supply enough energy to propel the motorcycle forward.

scholarly journals Investigation on Thermal Resistance and Capacitance Characteristics of a Highly Integrated Power Control Unit Module

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 958
Author(s):  
Maosheng Zhang ◽  
Yu Bai ◽  
Shu Yang ◽  
Kuang Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Power Control ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Integration Density ◽  
Unit Module

With the increasing integration density of power control unit (PCU) modules, more functional power converter units are integrated into a single module for applications in electric vehicles or hybrid electric vehicles (EVs/HEVs). Different types of power dies with different footprints are usually placed closely together. Due to the constraints from the placement of power dies and liquid cooling schemes, heat-flow paths from the junction to coolant are possibly inconsistent for power dies, resulting in different thermal resistance and capacitance (RC) characteristics of power dies. This presents a critical challenge for optimal liquid cooling at a low cost. In this paper, a highly integrated PCU module is developed for application in EVs/HEVs. The underlying mechanism of the inconsistent RC characteristics of power dies for the developed PCU module is revealed by experiments and simulations. It is found that the matching placement design of power dies with a heat sink structure and liquid cooler, as well as a liquid cooling scheme, can alleviate the inconsistent RC characteristics of power dies in highly integrated PCU modules. The findings in this paper provide valuable guidance for the design of highly integrated PCU modules.

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