scholarly journals Implementation of Optimal Two-Stage Scheduling of Energy Storage System Based on Big-Data-Driven Forecasting—An Actual Case Study in a Campus Microgrid

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byeong-Cheol Jeong ◽  
Dong-Hwan Shin ◽  
Jae-Beom Im ◽  
Jae-Young Park ◽  
Young-Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Optimal Schedule ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Actual Case

Optimal operation scheduling of energy storage systems (ESSs) has been considered as an effective way to cope with uncertainties arising in modern grid operation such as the inherent intermittency of the renewable energy sources (RESs) and load variations. This paper proposes a scheduling algorithm where ESS power inputs are optimally determined to minimize the microgrid (MG) operation cost. The proposed algorithm consists of two stages. In the first stage, hourly schedules during a day are optimized one day in advance with the objective of minimizing the operating cost. In the second stage, the optimal schedule obtained from the first stage is repeatedly updated every 5 min during the day of operation to compensate for the uncertainties in load demand and RES output power. The ESS model is developed considering operating efficiencies and then incorporated in mixed integer linear programming (MILP). Penalty functions are also considered to acquire feasible optimal solutions even under large forecasting errors in RES generation and load variation. The proposed algorithm is verified in a campus MG, implemented using ESSs and photovoltaic (PV) arrays. The field test results are obtained using open-source software and then compared with those acquired using commercial software.

scholarly journals Optimal Operation of Critical Peak Pricing for an Energy Retailer Considering Balancing Costs

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4658
Author(s):  
Hye Yoon Song ◽  
Gyu Sub Lee ◽  
Yong Tae Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Global Optimum ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Peak Pricing

Recently, there have been frequent fluctuations in the wholesale prices of electricity following the increased penetration of renewable energy sources. Therefore, retailers face price risks caused by differences between wholesale prices and retail rates. As a hedging against price risk, retailers can utilize critical peak pricing (CPP) in a price-based program. This study proposes a novel multi-stage stochastic programming (MSSP) model for a retailer with self-generation photovoltaic facility to optimize both its bidding strategy and the CPP operation, in the face of several uncertainties. Using MSSP, decisions can be determined sequentially with realization of the uncertainties over time. Furthermore, to ensure a global optimum, a mixed integer non-linear programming is transformed into mixed integer linear programming through three linearization steps. In a numerical simulation, the effectiveness of the proposed MSSP model is compared with that of a mean-value deterministic model based on a rolling horizon method. We also investigate the optimal strategy of a retailer by changing various input parameters and perform a sensitivity analysis to assess the impacts of different uncertain parameters on the retailer’s profit. Finally, the effect of the energy storage system on the proposed optimization problem is investigated.

scholarly journals A New Power Sharing Scheme of Multiple Microgrids and an Iterative Pairing-Based Scheduling Method

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Chao Gao ◽  
Joon-Ho Choi ◽  
Sang-Yun Yun ◽  
Seon-Ju Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Total System ◽  
Peak Demand ◽  
Sharing Scheme

As the numbers of microgrids (MGs) and prosumers are increasing, many research efforts are proposing various power sharing schemes for multiple MGs (MMGs). Power sharing between MMGs can reduce the investment and operating costs of MGs. However, since MGs exchange power through distribution lines, this may have an adverse effect on the utility, such as an increase in peak demand, and cause local overcurrent issues. Therefore, this paper proposes a power sharing scheme that is beneficial to both MGs and the utility. This research assumes that in an MG, the energy storage system (ESS) is the major controllable resource. In the proposed power sharing scheme, an MG that sends power should discharge at least as much power from the ESS as the power it sends to other MGs, in order to actually decrease the total system demand. With these assumptions, methods for determining the power sharing schedule are proposed. Firstly, a mixed integer linear programming (MILP)-based centralized approach is proposed. Although this can provide the optimal power sharing solution, in practice, this method is very difficult to apply, due to the large calculation burden. To overcome the significant calculation burden of the centralized optimization method, a new method for determining the power sharing schedule is proposed. In this approach, the amount of power sharing is assumed to be a multiple of a unit amount, and the final power sharing schedule is determined by iteratively finding the best MG pair that exchange this unit amount. Simulation with a five MG scenario is used to test the proposed power sharing scheme and the scheduling algorithm in terms of a reduction in the operating cost of MGs, the peak demand of utility, and the calculation burden. In addition, the interrelationship between power sharing and the system loss is analyzed when MGs exchange power through the utility network.

Determination of an Optimal Operating Schedule for Thermal Units with an Energy Storage System

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomonobu Senjyu ◽  
Shantanu Chakraborty ◽  
Ahmed Yousuf Saber ◽  
Atsushi Yona ◽  
Toshihisa Funabashi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Priority List ◽  
Hourly Output

This paper presents a determination methodology for finding optimal operation schedules of thermal units (namely unit commitment) integrated with an energy storage system (ESS) to minimize total operating costs. A generic ESS formulation along with a method for solving unit commitment (UC) of thermal units with ESS is proposed to serve this purpose. The problem of unit commitment with an ESS is solved using the Priority List method. Intelligent Genetic algorithm (GA) is included in the algorithm for generating new and potential solutions. The proposed method consists of two steps. The first step is to determine the schedule of ESS and the schedule of thermal units. The second step is to dispatch the hourly output of thermal units and the ESS which comply a minimized total production cost. The proposed method is applied to a power system with ten thermal units and a large ESS. The presented simulation results show that the schedule of thermal units with an ESS of a particular life cycle, achieved by the proposed method, minimizes the operating cost. The discussion regarding the determination of schedule thermal units (TU) along with the integrated ESS may interest many types of ESS due to their generalized formulations.

scholarly journals A Mobile Energy Storage Unit Serving Multiple EV Charging Stations

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2969
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. Elmeligy ◽  
Mostafa F. Shaaban ◽  
Ahmed Azab ◽  
Maher A. Azzouz ◽  
Mohamed Mokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Ev Charging

Due to the rapid increase in electric vehicles (EVs) globally, new technologies have emerged in recent years to meet the excess demand imposed on the power systems by EV charging. Among these technologies, a mobile energy storage system (MESS), which is a transportable storage system that provides various utility services, was used in this study to support several charging stations, in addition to supplying power to the grid during overload and on-peak hours. Thus, this paper proposes a new day-ahead optimal operation of a single MESS unit that serves several charging stations that share the same geographical area. The operational problem is formulated as a mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP), where the objective is to minimize the total operating cost of the parking lots (PLs). Two different case studies are simulated to highlight the effectiveness of the proposed system compared to the current approach.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Assessment and Operational Planning of Wind-Battery Distributed Renewable Generation System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6776
Author(s):  
Umar Salman ◽  
Khalid Khan ◽  
Fahad Alismail ◽  
Muhammad Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Varying Demand ◽  
Operation Cost

Electrical energy and power demand will experience exponential increase with the rise of the global population. Power demand is predictable and can be estimated based on population and available historical data. However, renewable energy sources (RES) are intermittent, unpredictable, and environment-dependent. Interestingly, microgrids are becoming smarter but require adequate and an appropriate energy storage system (ESS) to support their smooth and optimal operation. The deep discharge caused by the charging–discharging operation of the ESS affects its state of health, depth of discharge (DOD), and life cycle, and inadvertently reduces its lifetime. Additionally, these parameters of the ESS are directly affected by the varying demand and intermittency of RES. This study presents an assessment of battery energy storage in wind-penetrated microgrids considering the DOD of the ESS. The study investigates two scenarios: a standalone microgrid, and a grid-connected microgrid. The problem is formulated based on the operation cost of the microgrid considering the DOD and the lifetime of the battery. The optimization problem is solved using non-linear programming. The scheduled operation cost of the microgrid, the daily scheduling cost of ESS, the power dispatch by distributed generators, and the DOD of the battery storage at any point in time are reported. Performance analysis showed that a power loss probability of less than 10% is achievable in all scenarios, demonstrating the effectiveness of the study.

Thermal Unit Commitment Problem with Wind Power and Energy Storage System

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 1455-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Wang ◽  
Yu Guang Xie ◽  
Kai Xie ◽  
Ya Qiao Luo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Branch And Bound ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Unit Commitment Problem

This paper presents a methodology for solving unit commitment (UC) problem for thermal units integrated with wind power and generalized energy storage system (ESS).The ESS is introduced to achieve peak load shaving and reduce the operating cost. The volatility of wind power is simulated by multiple scenarios, which are generated by Latin hypercube sampling. Meanwhile, the scenario reduction technique based on probability metric is introduced to reduce the number of scenarios so that the computational burden can be alleviated. The thermal UC problem with volatile wind power and ESS is transformed to a deterministic optimization which is formulated as the mixed-integer convex program optimized by branch and bound-interior point method. During the branch and bound process, the best first search and depth first search are combined to expedite the computation. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by a ten unit UC problem.

Modeling an Energy Storage System Based on a Hybrid Renewable Energy System in Stand-alone Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2641-2645
Author(s):  
Alexandru Ciocan ◽  
Ovidiu Mihai Balan ◽  
Mihaela Ramona Buga ◽  
Tudor Prisecaru ◽  
Mohand Tazerout
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy System

The current paper presents an energy storage system that stores the excessive energy, provided by a hybrid system of renewable energy sources, in the form of compressed air and thermal heat. Using energy storage systems together with renewable energy sources represents a major challenge that could ensure the transition to a viable economic future and a decarbonized economy. Thermodynamic calculations are conducted to investigate the performance of such systems by using Matlab simulation tools. The results indicate the values of primary and global efficiencies for various operating scenarios for the energy storage systems which use compressed air as medium storage, and shows that these could be very effective systems, proving the possibility to supply to the final user three types of energy: electricity, heat and cold function of his needs.

scholarly journals Optimal Placement and Sizing of an Energy Storage System Using a Power Sensitivity Analysis in a Practical Stand-Alone Microgrid

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 1598
Author(s):  
Dongmin Kim ◽  
Kipo Yoon ◽  
Soo Hyoung Lee ◽  
Jung-Wook Park
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Analytical Approaches

The energy storage system (ESS) is developing into a very important element for the stable operation of power systems. An ESS is characterized by rapid control, free charging, and discharging. Because of these characteristics, it can efficiently respond to sudden events that affect the power system and can help to resolve congested lines caused by the excessive output of distributed generators (DGs) using renewable energy sources (RESs). In order to efficiently and economically install new ESSs in the power system, the following two factors must be considered: the optimal installation placements and the optimal sizes of ESSs. Many studies have explored the optimal installation placement and the sizing of ESSs by using analytical approaches, mathematical optimization techniques, and artificial intelligence. This paper presents an algorithm to determine the optimal installation placement and sizing of ESSs for a virtual multi-slack (VMS) operation based on a power sensitivity analysis in a stand-alone microgrid. Through the proposed algorithm, the optimal installation placement can be determined by a simple calculation based on a power sensitivity matrix, and the optimal sizing of the ESS for the determined placement can be obtained at the same time. The algorithm is verified through several case studies in a stand-alone microgrid based on practical power system data. The results of the proposed algorithm show that installing ESSs in the optimal placement could improve the voltage stability of the microgrid. The sizing of the newly installed ESS was also properly determined.

scholarly journals Reduction of Power Imbalances Using Battery Energy Storage System in a Bulk Power System with Extremely Large Photovoltaics Interactions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Rajitha Udawalpola ◽  
Taisuke Masuta ◽  
Taisei Yoshioka ◽  
Kohei Takahashi ◽  
Hideaki Ohtake
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power System ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Battery Energy Storage System ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Battery Energy Storage ◽  
Battery Energy

Power imbalances such as power shortfalls and photovoltaic (PV) curtailments have become a major problem in conventional power systems due to the introduction of renewable energy sources. There can be large power shortfalls and PV curtailments because of PV forecasting errors. These imbalances might increase when installed PV capacity increases. This study proposes a new scheduling method to reduce power shortfalls and PV curtailments in a PV integrated large power system with a battery energy storage system (BESS). The model of the Kanto area, which is about 30% of Japan’s power usage with 60 GW grid capacity, is used in simulations. The effect of large PV power integration of 50 GW and 100 GW together with large BESS capacity of 100 GWh and 200 GWh has been studied. Mixed integer linear programming technique is used to calculate generator unit commitment and BESS charging and discharging schedules. The simulation results are shown for two months with high and low solar irradiance, which include days with large PV over forecast and under forecast errors. The results reveal that the proposed method eliminates power shortfalls by 100% with the BESS and reduce the PV curtailments by 69.5% and 95.2% for the months with high and low solar irradiance, respectively, when 200 GWh BESS and 100 GW PV power generation are installed.

scholarly journals The cost-effectiveness of an energy storage system using hydrogen and underground gas storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 01007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Lepszy
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Random Nature

Due to the random nature of the production, the use of renewable energy sources requires the use of technologies that allow adjustment of electricity production to demand. One of the ways that enable this task is the use of energy storage systems. The article focuses on the analysis of the cost-effectiveness of energy storage from the grid. In particular, the technology was evaluated using underground hydrogen storage generated in electrolysers. Economic analyzes use historical data from the Polish energy market. The obtained results illustrate, among other things, the proportions between the main technology modules selected optimally in technical and economic terms.

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