scholarly journals Emerging Advances in Petrophysics: Porous Media Characterization and Modeling of Multiphase Flow

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianchao Cai ◽  
Shuyu Sun ◽  
Ali Habibi ◽  
Zhien Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Flow Modeling ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Fractal Approach ◽  
Unconventional Resources ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources

With the ongoing exploration and development of oil and gas resources all around the world, applications of petrophysical methods in natural porous media have attracted great attention. This special issue collects a series of recent studies focused on the application of different petrophysical methods in reservoir characterization, especially for unconventional resources. Wide-ranging topics covered in the introduction include experimental studies, numerical modeling (fractal approach), and multiphase flow modeling/simulations.

scholarly journals A Parallel Stochastic Framework for Reservoir Characterization and History Matching

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil G. Thomas ◽  
Hector M. Klie ◽  
Adolfo A. Rodriguez ◽  
Mary F. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
History Matching ◽  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
Well Log ◽  
Species Transport ◽  
Medium Permeability ◽  
Stochastic Framework ◽  
Sensor Information

The spatial distribution of parameters that characterize the subsurface is never known to any reasonable level of accuracy required to solve the governing PDEs of multiphase flow or species transport through porous media. This paper presents a numerically cheap, yet efficient, accurate and parallel framework to estimate reservoir parameters, for example, medium permeability, using sensor information from measurements of the solution variables such as phase pressures, phase concentrations, fluxes, and seismic and well log data. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the method.

scholarly journals Microscopic Imbibition Characterization of Sandstone Reservoirs and Theoretical Model Optimization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Xu ◽  
Yujing Wan ◽  
Xizhe Li ◽  
yong Hu ◽  
qingyan mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Large Deviation ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Phase Saturation ◽  
Oil And Gas Reservoirs

Abstract Traditional porous media imbibition models deviate from the actual imbibition process in oil and gas reservoirs. Experimental studies on gas-water imbibition in reservoirs were carried out to describe the dynamic profile variation process of wet phase saturation in reservoirs and to further reveal the variation of the imbibition front and the imbibition amount. Optimization and correction methods were established, and experimental verifications were performed. Studies have shown the following: (1) Unlike homogeneous porous media, the water phase imbibition process in oil and gas reservoirs is more complicated, and it is impossible for the maximum saturation of imbibition to reach 100%. (2) Contrary to the theoretical hypothesis, the imbibition of water is not piston-like, and there is a clear transition zone at the imbibition front. This transition zone is the main cause of water saturation variations in the imbibition zone; with the expansion of the imbibition zone, the influence of the transition zone on water saturation weakens. (3) Traditional theoretical models predict a positive correlation between the imbibition amount and the measurements; however, there is a large deviation in the numerical values, which must be corrected. (4) The L-W model was optimized and the parameter group fluid factor and the reservoir factor were proposed to characterize the properties of the fluid and the reservoir, respectively. These two parameters have a clear physical significance and are easy to accurately test. After experimental correction, the parameters are favourably suitable for oil and gas reservoirs.

scholarly journals Sole Risk Provisions in Joint Operating Agreements for Unconventional Oil and Gas Development

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Desbarats ◽  
Jay Todesco ◽  
Kate Royer
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
Oil And Gas Development ◽  
Unconventional Resources ◽  
Unconventional Oil ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources ◽  
Unconventional Oil And Gas ◽  
Unconventional Resource

This article discusses independent operations in the context of unconventional oil and gas resources. It considers how the Canadian Association of Petroleum Landmen (CAPL) and the Association of International Petroleum Negotiators (AIPN) have reacted to this. It provides a detailed analysis of the differences between the 2015 CAPL Operating Procedures and the 2014 AIPN Unconventional Resources Operating Agreement. Particular focus is given to permissible independent operations under each agreement, the timing of those independent operations, and the penalties given to a non-participating party. The article concludes by discussing the importance of drafting customized sole risk provisions in some situations, given that unconventional resource development often varies from project to project.

Well Test Analysis: Wells Producing by Solution Gas Drive

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 196-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Relative Permeability ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Function Concept ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Diffusivity Equation ◽  
Gas Drive ◽  
Solution Gas

Abstract Drawdown and buildup data in a homogeneous, uniform, closed, cylindrical reservoir containing oil and gas and producing by solution gas drive at a constant surface oil rate were investigated. The well was assumed to be located at the center of the reservoir. Gravity effects were not included. Though the reservoir systems studied were assumed to be homogeneous, the effect of a damaged region in the vicinity of the wellbore was examined. Recently, alternate expressions for describing multiphase flow through porous media have been presented. These expressions incorporate changes presented. These expressions incorporate changes in effective permeability and fluid properties (formation volume factor, viscosity, gas solubility) with pressure by means of a pseudopressure function. The validity of applying the pseudopressure-function concept to drawdown and pseudopressure-function concept to drawdown and buildup testing for multiphase-flow situations was investigated. The pseudopressure function for analyzing drawdown behavior is calculated difrerently from that required to analyze buildup data. Consequently, two pseudopressure functions are required for analysis of well behavior in multiphase-flow systems. Dimensionless groups are used to extend the results to other situations having different permeabilities, spacing, reservoir thickness, well permeabilities, spacing, reservoir thickness, well radii, porosity, etc., provided the PVT relations and relative-permeability characteristics are identical to those used in this study. The pseudopressure-function concept used to analyze pseudopressure-function concept used to analyze drawdown and buildup behavior extends the applicability of the results to a wide range of PVT relations and relative-permeability characteristics. Introduction During the past 30 years, more than 300 publications have considered various problems publications have considered various problems pertaining to well behavior. Except for a few (about pertaining to well behavior. Except for a few (about 10), most papers examining transient pressure behavior assume that the fluids in the reservoir obey the diffusivity equation. This implies the use of a single-phase, slightly compressible fluid. The reason for the popularity of this approach is twofold:(1)the ease with which the diffusivity equation can be solved for a wide variety of problems, and(2)the demonstration by some problems, and(2)the demonstration by some workers that, for some multiphase-flow situations, single-phase flow results may be used provided appropriate modifications are made. The necessary modifications are summarized in Ref. 1. The main objective of this study is to present a method for rigorously incorporating changes in fluid properties and relative-permeability effects in the properties and relative-permeability effects in the analysis of pressure data when two phases of oil and gas are flowing. This should enable the engineer to calculate the absolute formation permeability rather than the effective permeability to each of the flowing phases. This method is based on an idea suggested by Fetkovich, who proposed that if an expression similar to the real gas pseudopressure is defined, then equations describing pseudopressure is defined, then equations describing simultaneous flow of oil and gas through porous media may be simplified considerably. The validity of the equations and methods for calculating the pseudopressure function, however, was not presented pseudopressure function, however, was not presented by Fetkovich. LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS General equations of motion describing multiphase flow in porous media have been known since 1936. These equations, and the assumptions involved in deriving them, are discussed thoroughly in the literature and will not be considered here. Equations for two-phase flow were first solved by Muskat and Meres for a few special cases. Evinger and Muskat studied the effect of multiphase flow on the productivity index of a well and examined the steady radial flow of oil and gas in a porous medium. Under conditions of steady radial porous medium. Under conditions of steady radial flow the oil flow rate is given by (1) SPEJ P. 196

Our Energy Inheritance: Fossil Fuels

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hewitt Crane ◽  
Edwin Kinderman ◽  
Ripudaman Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Electric Power Station ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Unconventional Resources ◽  
Model Aircraft ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources ◽  
Unconventional Oil And Gas

The use of fossil fuels—petroleum, natural gas, and coal—is ubiquitous today and has made possible the advances of modern civilization. These fuels are capable of providing energy for a variety of applications—from very small to very large—and touch our lives in many ways. A small gas-fired heater uses about 50,000 Btu/hr (1 standard cubic foot [scf] of gas/min) and keeps our homes warm. A 200-horsepower gasoline engine in a family car consumes around 2 gal/hr of oil and can carry a load of five passengers a distance of 60 miles on a level highway. An 1,800-ton/hr cement plant consumes 900 MBtu/hr (about 0.9 million scf gas/hr) when in full operation and produces the building material widely used for constructing homes, offices, industries, roads, and bridges. A large, coal-fired electric power station (1,000 MW rating) requires between 300 and 500 tons of coal per hour and produces enough electricity to power half a million homes. The range of power that fossil fuels, particularly oil, can deliver is truly amazing: the same basic fuel that powers jet aircraft also powers children’s model aircraft engines. It is unlikely that aircraft will ever be powered by solar panels mounted on the wings or by on-board nuclear reactors. The importance of fossil fuels in our lives cannot be overemphasized. It took millions of years to accumulate them, and their potential exhaustion in just a few centuries should seriously concern all of us. In this chapter, we briefly review the circumstances that led to formation of our fossil fuels and then discuss how much of each of them is available. This discussion requires clarifying the special meanings ascribed to such terms as reserves and resources. For all three fuels, we look at the global distribution of our resources. We also present estimates of possible resource lifetimes under varying conditions of use and indicate the nominal equipment and infrastructure requirements for producing these inherited resources at a rate of 1 CMO/yr. As we shall see, our conventional reserves are somewhat limited, but our resource base is large, and unconventional oil and gas resources offer a substantially greater potential. Nonetheless, exploiting unconventional resources is certain to be more expensive and, in most cases, potentially more damaging to the environment.

scholarly journals Microscopic imbibition characterization of sandstone reservoirs and theoretical model optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Xu ◽  
Yujin Wan ◽  
Xizhe Li ◽  
Yong Hu ◽  
Shanshan Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Large Deviation ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Phase Saturation ◽  
Oil And Gas Reservoirs

AbstractTraditional porous media imbibition models deviate from the actual imbibition process in oil and gas reservoirs. Experimental studies on gas–water imbibition in reservoirs were carried out to describe the dynamic profile variation process of wet phase saturation in reservoirs and to further reveal the variation of the imbibition front and the imbibition amount. Optimization and correction methods were established, and experimental verifications were performed. Studies have shown the following: (1) Unlike homogeneous porous media, the water phase imbibition process in oil and gas reservoirs is more complicated, and it is impossible for the maximum saturation of imbibition to reach 100%. (2) Contrary to the theoretical hypothesis, the imbibition of water is not piston-like, and there is a clear transition zone at the imbibition front. This transition zone is the main cause of water saturation variations in the imbibition zone; with the expansion of the imbibition zone, the influence of the transition zone on water saturation weakens. (3) Traditional theoretical models predict a positive correlation between the imbibition amount and the measurements; however, there is a large deviation in the numerical values, which must be corrected. (4) The L-W model was optimized and the parameter group fluid factor F and the reservoir factor R were proposed to characterize the properties of the fluid and the reservoir, respectively. These two parameters have a clear physical significance and are easy to accurately test. After experimental correction, the optimized model is favourably suitable for oil and gas reservoirs.

The environmental impacts from the production of oil and gas resources

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
A. Kasaeva ◽  
◽  
Z. Bіrіmzhanova ◽  
A. Rysmagambetova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources
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