scholarly journals Minimization of Losses in Solar Photovoltaic Modules by Reconfiguration under Various Patterns of Partial Shading

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chayut Tubniyom ◽  
Rongrit Chatthaworn ◽  
Amnart Suksri ◽  
Tanakorn Wongwuttanasatian
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
The Ideal

Configurations of photovoltaic (PV) modules, such as series-parallel (SP), bridge-linked (BL), and total cross-tied (TCT) configurations, always utilize a number of connecting switches. In a simulation, the ideal switch with no loss is used to optimize the reconfiguration method for a solar PV array. However, in practice, the switches are non-ideal, causing losses and resulting in a decrease in the total output power of the PV array. In this work, MATLAB/Simulink (R2016a) was employed to simulate nine PV modules linked in a 3 × 3 array, and they were reconfigured using series-parallel (SP), bridge-linked (BL), and total cross-tied (TCT) configurations for both ideal and non-ideal switch cases. It was not surprising that non-ideal switches deteriorated the output power compared with ideal cases. Then, the minimization of losses (ML) configuration was proposed by minimizing the number of switches to give the highest output power. A 5% higher power output was set as the criterion to reconfigure the PV modules when partial shading occurred. The results showed that if 50% or more of the area was partially shaded, reconfiguration was unnecessary. On the other hand, when the shaded area was less than 50%, reconfiguration gave a significant increase in power. Finally, the ML method had different configurations for various shading patterns, and provided better results than those of the TCT method.

Output Power Comparison of TCT & SP Topologies for Easy-to-Predict Partial Shadow on a 4×4 PV Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 612 ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Pareek ◽  
Ratna Dahiya
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Power Comparison ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic System

The power generated by solar photovoltaic system depends on insolation, temperature and shading situation etc. These days’ solar PV arrays are mainly building integrated. Therefore PV array are often under partial shadow. The feature of these shadows can be either easy-to-predict (like neighbour’s chimney, nearby tree or neighbouring buildings) or difficult-to-predict (passing clouds, birds litter).Thus output power obtained by PV arrays decreases in a considerable manner. In this paper, output powers, currents and voltages for SP & TCT topologies are calculated for different patterns of easy-to-predict partial shading conditions on a 4×4 PV field.

scholarly journals Power Enhancement from Solar PV Array Topologies under Partial Shading Condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Singh ◽  
Anurag Singh Yadav ◽  
Ashutosh Srivastava ◽  
Amarjeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Power Enhancement ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Multiple Load ◽  
Mismatch Effect

In this paper, a detailed study is carried out on the solar photovoltaic (PV) array topologies under various shading patterns. The aim of this study is to investigate the mismatch effect losses in PV modules for non uniform irradiations. The shading causes not only power losses, but also non-linearity of P-V characteristics. Under partial shaded conditions, the P-V and I-V characteristics exhibit extreme non-linearity along with multiple load maxima. In this paper, the investigations of the optimal layout of PV modules in a PV array are worked out to provide maximum output power under various shaded conditions. Three type of solar PV array topologies e.g. Series-parallel (SP), Total cross tied (TCT) and Bridge link (BL) are considered for various typesof shaded patterns. The modeling of solar PV array for various types of topologies is done in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The extensive results have been taken on these topologies for partial shading patterns and analyzed, which proves the TCT topology performance is better as compared to other topologies for most of the shading patterns.

Power Enhancement from Solar PV Array Topologies under Partial Shading Condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Singh ◽  
Anurag Singh Yadav ◽  
Ashutosh Srivastava ◽  
Amarjeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Power Enhancement ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Multiple Load ◽  
Mismatch Effect

In this paper, a detailed study is carried out on the solar photovoltaic (PV) array topologies under various shading patterns. The aim of this study is to investigate the mismatch effect losses in PV modules for non uniform irradiations. The shading causes not only power losses, but also non-linearity of P-V characteristics. Under partial shaded conditions, the P-V and I-V characteristics exhibit extreme non-linearity along with multiple load maxima. In this paper, the investigations of the optimal layout of PV modules in a PV array are worked out to provide maximum output power under various shaded conditions. Three type of solar PV array topologies e.g. Series-parallel (SP), Total cross tied (TCT) and Bridge link (BL) are considered for various types of shaded patterns. The modeling of solar PV array for various types oopologies is done in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The extensive results have been taken on these topologies for partial shading patterns and analyzed, which proves the TCT topology performance is better as compared to other topologies for most of the shading patterns.

scholarly journals Shadow dispersion of PV Array under variable irradiance for superior power Generation by Magic Square Configuration

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.8) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Sreenivasa Reddy ◽  
T Bramhananda Reddy ◽  
M Vijaya Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Magic Square ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Square Configuration ◽  
Comparison Data

The PV array generates smaller amount of the power compared with other electrical power generation components. There are many components that are adversely effected the output of PV array in such components, one is partial shading. Due to this, each module in PV array receives different solar irradiations causes different P-V characteristics of its peak values. This paper presents a pioneering method called as Magic Square configuration has been proposed to enhance the generated power of photovoltaic modules by configuring those are under affect of shade. Thus there is no change of electrical arrangement of PV modules in an array but only the objective location in the total cross tied (TCT) array is rearranged according to the magic square arrangement. Proposed paper gives comparison data with the conventional configuration method and hence the performance is calculated. The proposed technique provides a better solution that how shadow effect on the PV  modules has been reduced and how this shadow is distributed, and not only that also gives an idea  about how the inequality losses due to the partial shading is effectively reduced. The power loss of  various configurations of 3X3 and 4X4 array has been compared. The proposed technique is validated through MATLAB/Simulink environment. 

scholarly journals Solar Photovoltaic Emulation under Uniform Irradiance and Partial Shading Conditions using Sliding Mode Control

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Alaoui ◽  
Hattab Maker ◽  
Azeddine Mouhsen ◽  
Hicham Hihi
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Power Point

For the purpose of minimizing greenhouse gas emissions and contributing strongly to the climate change mitigation, many researchers and scientists are making tremendous efforts in order to boost the research and development in renewable energies as an important solution to reduce the use of conventional power generation resources. Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy is widely used and has known a significant interest in last years. However, its dependence on the atmospheric conditions does not allow researchers to perform their experiences at the desired atmospheric parameters especially temperature (T) and irradiance (G). Furthermore, using real PV modules with controllable light source to carry out measurements and tests on PV applications such as Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and solar connected inverters is considerably inefficient and less flexible. Therefore, PV array emulator were appeared to deal with those limitations and to replace efficiently the use of real PV modules in laboratory tests by delivering similar PV characteristics and mimicking the electrical behavior of PV panels. In addition to the emulation of PV modules under varying environmental conditions, the emulation of PV array under partial shading conditions is an interesting topic especially for the aim of using PV array emulators in testing Global Maximum Power Point Tracking (GMPPT) techniques, which constitute nowadays a huge challenge for PV researchers. This paper presents the design of PV array emulator based on robust sliding mode controller, which is able to emulate accurately the PV array under both uniform solar insolation and partial shading conditions. Simulation results using Matlab Simulink software are presented and discussed so as to investigate the static and dynamic performances of the developed power device.

scholarly journals Investigation on Photovoltaic Array Modeling and the MPPT Control Method under Partial Shading Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jianbo Bai ◽  
Leihou Sun ◽  
Rupendra Kumar Pachauri ◽  
Guangqing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Pv Modules

On the basis of a five-parameter photovoltaic (PV) mathematical model, a multipeak output model of a PV array under partial shading conditions (PSCs) is obtained by MATLAB simulation. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the model can simulate the performance curves of the PV array under the PSCs. Optimized particle swarm optimization (OPSO) is used to control the multipeak output model that can quickly and accurately track the global maximum power point (GMPP) of PV modules under PSCs. Its main idea is to determine the initial position of particles and remove the acceleration factor and random number in traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Additionally, according to the distance between two consecutive peak points, the maximum value of velocity is obtained. The advantages of the OPSO include the following: compared with the traditional PSO algorithm, the computing time is greatly shortened; and it is easy to achieve the MPPT with a low-cost microprocessor. In addition, a PV optimizer is designed to improve the output power of PV modules under PSCs, and simulation and experimentation have compared the output characteristics of PV modules in traditional control mode and optimized control mode under PSCs. The experimental results show that the PV optimizer improves the output power of the PV modules by 13.4% under the PSC.

scholarly journals Enhance the Output Power of a Shaded Solar Photovoltaic Arrays with Shade Dispersion based TCT Configuration

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
V Bala Raju ◽  
Ch Chengaiah
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Array Configuration ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Photovoltaic Arrays ◽  
Logic Approach ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Dispersion Technique

Partial shading has a negative impact on the performance parameters of a Solar Photovoltaic (PV) array, because it shades certain panels while leaving others un-shaded. This article focuses on modeling, comparing and performance assessment of 6×6, 6×5 and 5×6 size shadowed solar PV arrays under different partial shading cases in the MATLAB/ Simulink software. For this purpose, the simulation of series-parallel (SP), Total-Cross-Tied (TCT) and proposed shade dispersion based TCT (SD-TCT) type of array configurations was carried out under few shading cases. The proposed SD-TCT was designed using the shades dispersion technique, which is based on a number logic approach. In this technique, in order to effectively remove the row-current mismatches in the TCT PV array configuration, the shaded and un-shaded modules in an array were re-arranged, so that the shading on modules expands across the whole array. The physical placement of the TCT array modules has been reordered in accordance with the proposed number logic pattern exclusive of altering the electrical links among the panels. The simulation results showed that the performance of the SD-TCT type was superior to that of conventional array configurations.

scholarly journals Maximizing Power Output of a Partially Shaded Total-Cross-Tied Photovoltaic array

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Saurabh Shah ◽  
Hiren H Patel
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Current Compensation ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Photovoltaic Array ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Simulation Results

Non-uniform conditions on the modules of the PV array, especially, partial shading reduces the output of the PV array to a large extent. The shaded module in a string limits the current of the entire string and hence, the output power of the string.  The output power under such conditions is reported to be higher for total-cross-tied (TCT) configuration. This paper describes two different approaches, one based on current compensation (current equalization) and another based on voltage equalization, to extract higher power from the partially shaded total-cross-tied photovoltaic array. The TCT configuration is considered to minimize the number of converters, sensors, cost and complexity involved. The additional converters in the two distinct approaches evaluated here operate only when the partial shading occurs and are controlled to minimize the current and voltage miss-matches. The analysis and the control algorithm are presented. Simulation results obtained in MATLAB/Simulink are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of both methods and the relative merits and demerits of these approaches are highlighted.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Interconnection Configuration Schemes for PV Modules with Switched-Inductor Converters under Partial Shading Conditions

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Mashood Nasir ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Power Characteristics ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Pv Modules

Partial shading on photovoltaic (PV) arrays reduces the overall output power and causes multiple maximas on the output power characteristics. Due to the introduction of multiple maximas, mismatch power losses become apparent among multiple PV modules. These mismatch power losses are not only a function of shading characteristics, but also depend on the placement and interconnection patterns of the shaded modules within the array. This research work is aimed to assess the performance of 4 × 4 PV array under different shading conditions. The desired objective is to attain the maximum output power from PV modules at different possible shading patterns by using power electronic-based differential power processing (DPP) techniques. Various PV array interconnection configurations, including the series-parallel (SP), total-cross-tied (TCT), bridge-linked (BL), and center-cross-tied (CCT) are considered under the designed shading patterns. A comparative performance analysis is carried out by analyzing the output power from the DPP-based architecture and the traditional Schottky diode-based architecture. Simulation results show the gain in the output power by using the DPP-based architecture in comparison to the traditional bypassing diode method.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modelling of Solar Photovoltaic Cell/Panel/Array based on the Physical Parameters from the Manufacturer’s Datasheet

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoharan Premkumar ◽  
Chandrasekaran Kumar ◽  
Ravichandran Sowmya
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Pv Cell

This paper discusses a modified V-I relationship for the solar photovoltaic (PV) single diode based equivalent model. The model is derived from an equivalent circuit of the PV cell. A PV cell is used to convert the solar incident light to electrical energy. The PV module is derived from the group of series connected PV cells and PV array, or PV string is formed by connecting the group of series and parallel connected PV panels. The model proposed in this paper is applicable for both series and parallel connected PV string/array systems. Initially, the V-I characteristics are derived for a single PV cell, and finally, it is extended to the PV panel and, to string/array. The solar PV cell model is derived based on five parameters model which requires the data’s from the manufacturer’s data sheet. The derived PV model is precisely forecasting the P-V characteristics, V-I characteristics, open circuit voltage, short circuit current and maximum power point (MPP) for the various temperature and solar irradiation conditions. The model in this paper forecasts the required data for both polycrystalline silicon and monocrystalline silicon panels. This PV model is suitable for the PV system of any capacity. The proposed model is simulated using Matlab/Simulink for various PV array configurations, and finally, the derived model is examined in partial shading condition under the various environmental conditions to find the optimal configuration. The PV model proposed in this paper can achieve 99.5% accuracy in producing maximum output power as similar to manufacturers datasheet.©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

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