scholarly journals The Effect of a Wave Energy Farm Protecting an Aquaculture Installation

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Silva ◽  
Eugen Rusu ◽  
C. Guedes Soares
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
The North ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Offshore Aquaculture ◽  
Wave Farm ◽  
The Impact

This paper assesses the impact of a farm of wave energy converters on a nearby offshore aquaculture installation and on the nearshore dynamics. The coastal area targeted is Aguçadoura, located in the north of Portugal, where the world’s first wave farm operated in 2008. The study is focused mainly on the evaluation of the sheltering effect provided by the wave farm to the aquaculture cages. Furthermore, the possible impact on the coastal wave climate of such an energy park is also evaluated. These objectives are accomplished by performing simulations, corresponding to the wave conditions, which are more often encountered in that coastal environment. The SWAN model (Simulating WAves Nearshore) was adopted for this. Various transmission scenarios are considered to account for the impact of different types of wave converter farms on the downwave conditions. The results show that such a wave energy park might have a clear positive impact on the wave conditions fish farm installed downwave and it might also have a beneficial influence on shoreline dynamics from the perspective of coastal protection.

scholarly journals Optimizing the Power Take Off of a Wave Energy Converter With Regard to the Wave Climate

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaelle Duclos ◽  
Aurelien Babarit ◽  
Alain H. Clément
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Simple Wave ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Wave Energy Converter ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Classical Wave ◽  
Project Site ◽  
Wave Conditions

Considered as a source of renewable energy, wave is a resource featuring high variability at all time scales. Furthermore wave climate also changes significantly from place to place. Wave energy converters are very often tuned to suit the more frequent significant wave period at the project site. In this paper we show that optimizing the device necessitates accounting for all possible wave conditions weighted by their annual occurrence frequency, as generally given by the classical wave climate scatter diagrams. A generic and very simple wave energy converter is considered here. It is shown how the optimal parameters can be different considering whether all wave conditions are accounted for or not, whether the device is controlled or not, whether the productive motion is limited or not. We also show how they depend on the area where the device is to be deployed, by applying the same method to three sites with very different wave climate.

scholarly journals Grid Impact of a Wave Farm on its Local Network: Analysis of Voltage and Flicker Levels

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Blavette ◽  
Dara L. O’Sullivan ◽  
Ray Alcorn ◽  
Anthony W. Lewis ◽  
Michael G. Egan
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Wave Farm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Energy Converters

Most oscillating wave energy converters without significant amounts of energy storage capacity generate significant electrical power fluctuations in the range of seconds. Because of these fluctuations, a wave farm may have a negative impact on the power quality of the local grid to which it is connected. Hence, the impact of these devices on both distribution and transmission networks needs to be well understood, before large scale wave farms can be allowed to connect to the grid. This paper details a case study on the impact of a wave farm on the distribution grid around the national wave test site of Ireland. The electrical power output of the oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy converters was derived from experimental time series produced in the context of the FP7 project “CORES”. The results presented in this paper consider voltage fluctuation levels and flicker levels for a typical time series. Simulations were performed using DIgSILENT simulation tool “PowerFactory”.

scholarly journals The Performance of a Spectral Wave Model at Predicting Wave Farm Impacts

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5728
Author(s):  
J. Cameron McNatt ◽  
Aaron Porter ◽  
Christopher Chartrand ◽  
Jesse Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Wave Field ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Wave Interaction ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Skill Score ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Linear Wave ◽  
Ocean Wave Energy ◽  
Wave Farm ◽  
The Impact

For renewable ocean wave energy to support global energy demands, wave energy converters (WECs) will likely be deployed in large numbers (farms), which will necessarily change the nearshore environment. Wave farm induced changes can be both helpful (e.g., beneficial habitat and coastal protection) and potentially harmful (e.g., degraded habitat, recreational, and commercial use) to existing users of the coastal environment. It is essential to estimate this impact through modeling prior to the development of a farm, and to that end, many researchers have used spectral wave models, such as Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN), to assess wave farm impacts. However, the validity of the approaches used within SWAN have not been thoroughly verified or validated. Herein, a version of SWAN, called Sandia National Laboratories (SNL)-SWAN, which has a specialized WEC implementation, is verified by comparing its wave field outputs to those of linear wave interaction theory (LWIT), where LWIT is theoretically more appropriate for modeling wave-body interactions and wave field effects. The focus is on medium-sized arrays of 27 WECs, wave periods, and directional spreading representative of likely conditions, as well as the impact on the nearshore. A quantitative metric, the Mean Squared Skill Score, is used. Results show that the performance of SNL-SWAN as compared to LWIT is “Good” to “Excellent”.

scholarly journals Investigation of Ocean-Wave-Focusing Characteristics Induced by a Submerged Crescent-Shaped Plate for Long-Crested Waves

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Yu Li ◽  
Ruey-Syan Shih ◽  
Wen-Kai Weng
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
Incident Wave ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Wave Theory ◽  
Wave Focusing ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Wave Farm ◽  
Incident Waves

The need for renewable energy has gained importance with growing concerns about climate change. Wave energy has attracted considerable attention owing to its sustainability potential. Reflection, refraction, diffraction, and shoaling of waves occur when waves propagate through a submerged structure. These mechanics, when properly utilized, can be employed to focus waves to a specific location and also to increase wave heights, by which wave energy is usually represented, for planning and designing wave farms. Wave focusing induced by a submerged crescent-shaped plate for different wave conditions, incident wave directions, and submerged depths mainly considering the potential applications of absorber wave-energy converters within the wave farm was investigated experimentally and numerically. All experimental regular wave conditions were controlled to be nonbreaking, and the numerical results were obtained by a 3D model, implemented through the boundary element method based on Airy wave theory. The results show that wave focusing appears behind the plate along the direction of the incident waves, and the locations of focused waves tend to be farther away from the plate for shorter-period waves. The maximum measured wave height can be 3.44 times higher than the incident wave height.

scholarly journals WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION USING A BLOW-JET SYSTEM

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Mendoza-Baldwin ◽  
Rodolfo Silva-Casarín ◽  
Rafael Sánchez-Dirzo ◽  
Xavier Chávez-Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Transmission Coefficient ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Wave Energy Conversion ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Geometric Designs ◽  
Real Chance

This paper presents the results of exhaustive experimental work focused on evaluating the efficiency of two devices as wave energy converters and as coastal protection alternatives. The first device is a wave amplifier that by means of overtopping stores water in a reservoir where potential energy can be used to produce power. The second device, the Blow-Jet, is a novel proposal that gathers together the operation of a tapchan and a blowhole to generate an intermittent jet that can easily feed a turbine. Results show that for both devices there is a strong dependency on the wave climate but that there is a possibility of optimizing geometric designs. Transmission coefficient values obtained for the Blow-Jet point to a real chance for its use as a multi-purpose coastal structure.

Power Take Off Damping Optimisation With Regard to Wave Climate

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaelle Duclos ◽  
Aurelien Babarit ◽  
Alain H. Clement
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Vertical Motion ◽  
Simple Wave ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Classical Wave ◽  
Project Site ◽  
Wave Conditions

Considered as a source of renewable energy, wave is a resource which exhibit high variability at all time scales. Furthermore wave climate also changes significatively from place to place. Wave energy converters are very often tuned to suit the more frequent significant wave period of the project site. In this paper we show that optimizing the device necessitates to account for all possible wave conditions weighted by their occurrence frequency, as generally given by the classical wave climate scatter diagrams. Instead of a real device, a generic and very simple wave energy converter was considered here. We show how the optimal parameters can be different considering whether all wave conditions are accounted for or not, whether the device is controlled or not, whether the vertical motion is limited or not. We also show how they depend on the area where the device is to be deployed, by applying the same method to three very different sites.

scholarly journals Joint Modelling of Wave Energy Flux and Wave Direction

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Takvor H. Soukissian ◽  
Flora E. Karathanasi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Flux ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Wave Direction ◽  
Bivariate Model ◽  
The North ◽  
Wave Energy Flux

In the context of wave resource assessment, the description of wave climate is usually confined to significant wave height and energy period. However, the accurate joint description of both linear and directional wave energy characteristics is essential for the proper and detailed optimization of wave energy converters. In this work, the joint probabilistic description of wave energy flux and wave direction is performed and evaluated. Parametric univariate models are implemented for the description of wave energy flux and wave direction. For wave energy flux, conventional, and mixture distributions are examined while for wave direction proven and efficient finite mixtures of von Mises distributions are used. The bivariate modelling is based on the implementation of the Johnson–Wehrly model. The examined models are applied on long-term measured wave data at three offshore locations in Greece and hindcast numerical wave model data at three locations in the western Mediterranean, the North Sea, and the North Atlantic Ocean. A global criterion that combines five individual goodness-of-fit criteria into a single expression is used to evaluate the performance of bivariate models. From the optimum bivariate model, the expected wave energy flux as function of wave direction and the distribution of wave energy flux for the mean and most probable wave directions are also obtained.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Dampak Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Rumah Sakit (SIRS) Terhadap Pelayanan Kesehatan Menggunakan Hot-Fit Model 2006

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Frendy Rocky Rumambi ◽  
Salahudin Robo ◽  
Citra Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
The North ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
It Personnel

Hospital Information System (SIRS) is an integrated information system that aims to handle all hospital management processes, ranging from diagnostic services, medical data measures, medical records, pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical warehouses, billing, personnel databases, payroll, and accounting to the control management. Based on Indonesian Constitution No. 44 Article 52 year 2009, paragraph 1 states that "Indonesian hospitals are required to record and report all activities that occur within a hospital". On the Indonesia ministry regulation, PERMENKES No. 1171 year of 2011, Article 1 paragraph 1 states that "Each hospital is required to apply SIRS". Therefore Dr. Samratulangi Tondano District Hospital of Minahasa Regency in the North Sulawesi uses SIRS to improve employee performance in providing health services to the community. The paper discussed how to identify the impact of the use of Hospital Information Systems (SIRS) on health services. The purpose of this study is to look at the impact of the use of the SIRS system based on four indicators contained in the 2006 Human Organizational Technology (HOT-Fit) method in addition to the DeLone and McLean Success 2003 methods. By taking 150 respondents of SIRS users randomly, data were collected and analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software.The four hypotheses derived from three components namely "Technology", "Human" and "Organization" have a positive impact and provide a net benefit to the use of the system. In short, the majority of users SIRS only focuses on functions for registration and administration rather than clinical functions. The availability of IT units and IT personnel influences the use of SIRS as well.

scholarly journals Control-Informed Geometric Optimization of Wave Energy Converters: The Impact of Device Motion and Force Constraints

Energies ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 13672-13687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Garcia-Rosa ◽  
Giorgio Bacelli ◽  
John Ringwood
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Geometric Optimization ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Energy Converters

scholarly journals NEAR-SHORE FLOATING WAVE ENERGY CONVERTERS: APPLICATIONS FOR COASTAL PROTECTION

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Ruol ◽  
Barbara Zanuttigh ◽  
Luca Martinelli ◽  
Peter Kofoed ◽  
Peter Frigaard
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Transmission Characteristics ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Physical Model Tests ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Adriatic Coast ◽  
Near Shore

Aim of this note is to analyse the possible application of a Wave Energy Converter (WEC) as a combined tool to protect the coast and harvest energy. Physical model tests are used to evaluate wave transmission past a near-shore floating WEC of the wave activated body type, named DEXA. Efficiency and transmission characteristics are approximated to functions of wave height, period and obliquity. Their order of magnitude are 20% and 80%, respectively. It is imagined that an array of DEXA is deployed in front of Marina di Ravenna beach (IT), a highly touristic site of the Adriatic Coast. Based on the CERC formula, long-shore sediment transport is evaluated in presence and in absence of this array of DEXAs. The sediment transport in this site is quite large and frequently changes directions during the year. The larger North directed contribution and the more persistent South directed one are similar in magnitude and almost compensate each other, with the latter only slightly prevailing. It is shown that the DEXA could be designed so that the effect on sediment transport becomes quite significant and the direction of the net transport can be reversed.

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