scholarly journals THz CMOS On-Chip Antenna Array Using Defected Ground Structure

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1137
Author(s):  
Changmin Lee ◽  
Jinho Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Defected Ground Structure ◽  
Ground Structure ◽  
On Chip Antenna ◽  
On Chip

In this paper, we design a THz CMOS on-chip patch antenna with defected ground structure (DGS) and utilize it to implement a broadband and high gain on-chip antenna array. It is verified from the simulation that the DGS not only can increase the gain and bandwidth of the antenna element, but also can increase the isolation between the antenna elements in the on-chip array. Therefore, it allows the design of the compact 1 × 2 and 2 × 2 on-chip antenna array with high gain and broad bandwidth. The element spacing and feedline structures of the antenna array are designed and optimized by the simulations. The designed antenna element, and 1 × 2 and 2 × 2 antenna arrays are fabricated in a commercial 65 nm CMOS process. In the on-wafer measurement, they exhibit an antenna gain of 3.1 dBi, 7.2 dBi, and 8.2 dBi with a bandwidth of 14.0%, 21.3%, and 28.0% for the reflection coefficient less than −10 dB, respectively, at 300 GHz. This result corresponds to very good performance compared to the reported THz CMOS on-chip antenna array. Therefore, the designed CMOS on-chip antenna element and array using DGS in this work can be effectively applied to build low-cost and high performance THz systems, because they can be fully implemented in a conventional CMOS process without requiring any additional processes or manufacturing techniques.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Linear and Nonlinear Pattern Synthesis of Hemispherical Antenna Array Using Adaptive Evolutionary Techniques

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Subhashini ◽  
A. T. Praveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Angular Position ◽  
Excitation Amplitude ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Pattern Synthesis ◽  
Conformal Antenna ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
Nonlinear Pattern

Hemispherical antenna arrays are subjected to linear and nonlinear synthesis and are optimized using adaptive based differential evolution (ADE) and fire fly (AFA) algorithm. The hemispherical shaped array with isotropic elements is considered. Antenna element parameters that are used for synthesis are excitation amplitude and angular position. Linear synthesis is termed as the variation in the element excitation amplitude and nonlinear synthesis is process of variation in element angular position. Both ADE and AFA are a high-performance stochastic evolutionary algorithm used to solveN-dimensional problems. These methods are used to determine a set of parameters of antenna elements that provide the desired radiation pattern. The effectiveness of the algorithms for the design of conformal antenna array is shown by means of numerical results. Comparison with other methods is made whenever possible. The results reveal that nonlinear synthesis, aided by the discussed techniques, provides considerable enhancements compared to linear synthesis.

An on-chip circular Sierpinski shaped fractal antenna with defected ground structure for Ku-band applications

Frequenz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshavardhan Singh ◽  
Sameen Azhar ◽  
Sanjukta Mandal ◽  
Sujit Kumar Mandal ◽  
Pamidiparthi Ravi Teja Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Fractal Antenna ◽  
Cross Polarization ◽  
Defected Ground Structure ◽  
Ground Structure ◽  
On Chip Antenna ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Footprint Area ◽  
Peak Gain ◽  
Ku Band

Abstract In this paper, a circular Sierpinski shaped on-chip fractal antenna with defected ground structure (DGS) is presented for Ku-band applications. The fractal and defected ground structure are employed to achieve higher bandwidth for the entire Ku-band (12–18 GHz). The proposed on-chip antenna (OCA) with a footprint area of 4π mm2 offers wide bandwidth of 7.22 GHz (11.94–19.13 GHz) with the resonating frequency of 15 GHz. At the resonating frequency, the designed antenna shows a peak gain of −19.76 dBi and a radiation efficiency of 55.6%. The co-polarization (CP) and cross-polarization (×P) characteristics of the proposed OCA shows good isolation of 18.05 dBi and 17.44 dBi in the two principal planes with ϕ = 0° and 90° cuts respectively. The measured result of the designed OCA prototype shows a good performance over the desired frequency band.

scholarly journals High Gain Beam Steering Antenna Arrays with Low Scan Loss for mmWave Applications

2022 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Yerrola ◽  
Maifuz Ali ◽  
Ravi Kumar Arya ◽  
Lakhindar Murmu ◽  
Ashwani Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Array Design ◽  
Conformal Antenna ◽  
Microstrip Patch

In millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications, the antenna gain is a crucial parameter to overcome path loss and atmospheric attenuation. This work presents the design of two cylindrical conformal antenna arrays, made of modified rectangular microstrip patch antenna as a radiating element, working at 28 GHz for mmWave applications providing high gain and beam steering capability. The microstrip patch antenna element uses Rogers RO4232 substrate with a thickness of 0.5 mm and surface area of 5.8 mm × 5.8 mm. The individual antenna element provides a gain of 6.9 dBi with return loss bandwidth of 5.12 GHz. The first antenna array, made by using five conformal antenna elements, achieves a uniform gain of approximately 12 dBi with minimal scan loss for extensive scan angles. In the second antenna array, a dielectric superstrate using Rogers TMM (10i) was used to modify the first antenna array. It enhanced the gain to approximately 16 dBi while still maintaining low scan loss for wide angles. The proposed array design method is very robust and can be applied to any conformal surface. The mathematical equations are also provided to derive the array design, and both array designs are verified by using full-wave simulations.

scholarly journals A Terahertz CMOS V-Shaped Patch Antenna with Defected Ground Structure

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeongjin Kim ◽  
Wonseok Choe ◽  
Jinho Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Resistance ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Defected Ground Structure ◽  
Ground Structure ◽  
On Chip

In this paper, a V-shaped patch antenna with defected ground structure is proposed at terahertz to overcome the limited performance of a standard complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) patch antenna consisting of several metal layers and very thin interdielectric layers. The proposed V-shaped patch with slots allows the increased radiation resistance and broadband performance. In addition, the patch resonating at different frequency from the V-shaped patch is stacked on the top to broaden the impedance-matching bandwidth. More importantly, the slots are formed in the ground plane, which is called the defected ground structure, to further increase the radiation resistance and thus improve the bandwidth and efficiency. It is verified from electromagnetic simulations that the leakage waves from the defected ground can enhance the antenna directivity and gain by coherently interfering with the topside radiation. The proposed on-chip antenna is fabricated using a standard 65 nm CMOS process. The on-wafer measurement shows very wide bandwidth in input reflection coefficient (<−10 dB), greater than 28.7% from 240 to >320 GHz. The measured peak gain was as high as 5.48 dBi at 295 GHz. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, these results belong to the best performance among the terahertz CMOS on-chip antennas without using additional components or processes such as dielectric resonators, lens, or substrate thinning.

scholarly journals A Graphene-Assembled Film Based MIMO Antenna Array with High Isolation for 5G Wireless Communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2382
Author(s):  
Rongguo Song ◽  
Xiaoxiao Chen ◽  
Shaoqiu Jiang ◽  
Zelong Hu ◽  
Tianye Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
High Isolation ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Alternative Material

With the development of 5G, Internet of Things, and smart home technologies, miniaturized and compact multi-antenna systems and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna arrays have attracted increasing attention. Reducing the coupling between antenna elements is essential to improving the performance of such MIMO antenna system. In this work, we proposed a graphene-assembled, as an alternative material rather than metal, film-based MIMO antenna array with high isolation for 5G application. The isolation of the antenna element is improved by a graphene assembly film (GAF) frequency selective surface and isolation strip. It is shown that the GAF antenna element operated at 3.5 GHz has the realized gain of 2.87 dBi. The addition of the decoupling structure improves the isolation of the MIMO antenna array to more than 10 dB and corrects the antenna radiation pattern and operating frequency. The isolation between antenna elements with an interval of 0.4λ is above 25 dB. All experimental results show that the GAF antenna and decoupling structure are efficient devices for 5G mobile communication.

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